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<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Application
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * Basic Web application router class for the Joomla Platform.
 *
 * @since       3.0
 * @deprecated  4.0  Use the `joomla/router` package via Composer instead
 */
class JApplicationWebRouterBase extends JApplicationWebRouter
{
	/**
	 * @var    array  An array of rules, each rule being an associative
array('regex'=> $regex, 'vars' => $vars,
'controller' => $controller)
	 *                for routing the request.
	 * @since  3.0
	 */
	protected $maps = array();

	/**
	 * Add a route map to the router.  If the pattern already exists it will
be overwritten.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $pattern     The route pattern to use for matching.
	 * @param   string  $controller  The controller name to map to the given
pattern.
	 *
	 * @return  JApplicationWebRouter  This object for method chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0
	 */
	public function addMap($pattern, $controller)
	{
		// Sanitize and explode the pattern.
		$pattern = explode('/', trim(parse_url((string) $pattern,
PHP_URL_PATH), ' /'));

		// Prepare the route variables
		$vars = array();

		// Initialize regular expression
		$regex = array();

		// Loop on each segment
		foreach ($pattern as $segment)
		{
			// Match a splat with no variable.
			if ($segment == '*')
			{
				$regex[] = '.*';
			}
			// Match a splat and capture the data to a named variable.
			elseif ($segment[0] == '*')
			{
				$vars[] = substr($segment, 1);
				$regex[] = '(.*)';
			}
			// Match an escaped splat segment.
			elseif ($segment[0] == '\\' && $segment[1] ==
'*')
			{
				$regex[] = '\*' . preg_quote(substr($segment, 2));
			}
			// Match an unnamed variable without capture.
			elseif ($segment == ':')
			{
				$regex[] = '[^/]*';
			}
			// Match a named variable and capture the data.
			elseif ($segment[0] == ':')
			{
				$vars[] = substr($segment, 1);
				$regex[] = '([^/]*)';
			}
			// Match a segment with an escaped variable character prefix.
			elseif ($segment[0] == '\\' && $segment[1] ==
':')
			{
				$regex[] = preg_quote(substr($segment, 1));
			}
			// Match the standard segment.
			else
			{
				$regex[] = preg_quote($segment);
			}
		}

		$this->maps[] = array(
			'regex' => chr(1) . '^' . implode('/',
$regex) . '$' . chr(1),
			'vars' => $vars,
			'controller' => (string) $controller,
		);

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Add a route map to the router.  If the pattern already exists it will
be overwritten.
	 *
	 * @param   array  $maps  A list of route maps to add to the router as
$pattern => $controller.
	 *
	 * @return  JApplicationWebRouter  This object for method chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0
	 */
	public function addMaps($maps)
	{
		foreach ($maps as $pattern => $controller)
		{
			$this->addMap($pattern, $controller);
		}

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Parse the given route and return the name of a controller mapped to the
given route.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $route  The route string for which to find and execute
a controller.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The controller name for the given route excluding
prefix.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0
	 * @throws  InvalidArgumentException
	 */
	protected function parseRoute($route)
	{
		$controller = false;

		// Trim the query string off.
		$route = preg_replace('/([^?]*).*/u', '\1', $route);

		// Sanitize and explode the route.
		$route = trim(parse_url($route, PHP_URL_PATH), ' /');

		// If the route is empty then simply return the default route.  No
parsing necessary.
		if ($route == '')
		{
			return $this->default;
		}

		// Iterate through all of the known route maps looking for a match.
		foreach ($this->maps as $rule)
		{
			if (preg_match($rule['regex'], $route, $matches))
			{
				// If we have gotten this far then we have a positive match.
				$controller = $rule['controller'];

				// Time to set the input variables.
				// We are only going to set them if they don't already exist to
avoid overwriting things.
				foreach ($rule['vars'] as $i => $var)
				{
					$this->input->def($var, $matches[$i + 1]);

					// Don't forget to do an explicit set on the GET superglobal.
					$this->input->get->def($var, $matches[$i + 1]);
				}

				$this->input->def('_rawRoute', $route);

				break;
			}
		}

		// We were unable to find a route match for the request.  Panic.
		if (!$controller)
		{
			throw new InvalidArgumentException(sprintf('Unable to handle
request for route `%s`.', $route), 404);
		}

		return $controller;
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Application
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * RESTful Web application router class for the Joomla Platform.
 *
 * @since       3.0
 * @deprecated  4.0  Use the `joomla/router` package via Composer instead
 */
class JApplicationWebRouterRest extends JApplicationWebRouterBase
{
	/**
	 * @var    boolean  A boolean allowing to pass _method as parameter in
POST requests
	 * @since  3.0
	 */
	protected $methodInPostRequest = false;

	/**
	 * @var    array  An array of HTTP Method => controller suffix pairs
for routing the request.
	 * @since  3.0
	 */
	protected $suffixMap = array(
		'GET' => 'Get',
		'POST' => 'Create',
		'PUT' => 'Update',
		'PATCH' => 'Update',
		'DELETE' => 'Delete',
		'HEAD' => 'Head',
		'OPTIONS' => 'Options',
	);

	/**
	 * Find and execute the appropriate controller based on a given route.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $route  The route string for which to find and execute
a controller.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0
	 * @throws  InvalidArgumentException
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function execute($route)
	{
		// Get the controller name based on the route patterns and requested
route.
		$name = $this->parseRoute($route);

		// Append the HTTP method based suffix.
		$name .= $this->fetchControllerSuffix();

		// Get the controller object by name.
		$controller = $this->fetchController($name);

		// Execute the controller.
		$controller->execute();
	}

	/**
	 * Set a controller class suffix for a given HTTP method.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $method  The HTTP method for which to set the class
suffix.
	 * @param   string  $suffix  The class suffix to use when fetching the
controller name for a given request.
	 *
	 * @return  JApplicationWebRouter  This object for method chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0
	 */
	public function setHttpMethodSuffix($method, $suffix)
	{
		$this->suffixMap[strtoupper((string) $method)] = (string) $suffix;

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Set to allow or not method in POST request
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $value  A boolean to allow or not method in POST
request
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0
	 */
	public function setMethodInPostRequest($value)
	{
		$this->methodInPostRequest = $value;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the property to allow or not method in POST request
	 *
	 * @return  boolean
	 *
	 * @since   3.0
	 */
	public function isMethodInPostRequest()
	{
		return $this->methodInPostRequest;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the controller class suffix string.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   3.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	protected function fetchControllerSuffix()
	{
		// Validate that we have a map to handle the given HTTP method.
		if (!isset($this->suffixMap[$this->input->getMethod()]))
		{
			throw new RuntimeException(sprintf('Unable to support the HTTP
method `%s`.', $this->input->getMethod()), 404);
		}

		// Check if request method is POST
		if ($this->methodInPostRequest == true &&
strcmp(strtoupper($this->input->server->getMethod()),
'POST') === 0)
		{
			// Get the method from input
			$postMethod = $this->input->get->getWord('_method');

			// Validate that we have a map to handle the given HTTP method from
input
			if ($postMethod &&
isset($this->suffixMap[strtoupper($postMethod)]))
			{
				return ucfirst($this->suffixMap[strtoupper($postMethod)]);
			}
		}

		return ucfirst($this->suffixMap[$this->input->getMethod()]);
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Application
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * Class to define an abstract Web application router.
 *
 * @since       3.0
 * @deprecated  4.0  Use the `joomla/router` package via Composer instead
 */
abstract class JApplicationWebRouter
{
	/**
	 * @var    JApplicationWeb  The web application on whose behalf we are
routing the request.
	 * @since  3.0
	 */
	protected $app;

	/**
	 * @var    string  The default page controller name for an empty route.
	 * @since  3.0
	 */
	protected $default;

	/**
	 * @var    string  Controller class name prefix for creating controller
objects by name.
	 * @since  3.0
	 */
	protected $controllerPrefix;

	/**
	 * @var    JInput  An input object from which to derive the route.
	 * @since  3.0
	 */
	protected $input;

	/**
	 * Constructor.
	 *
	 * @param   JApplicationWeb  $app    The web application on whose behalf
we are routing the request.
	 * @param   JInput           $input  An optional input object from which
to derive the route.  If none
	 *                                   is given than the input from the
application object will be used.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0
	 */
	public function __construct(JApplicationWeb $app, JInput $input = null)
	{
		$this->app   = $app;
		$this->input = ($input === null) ? $this->app->input : $input;
	}

	/**
	 * Find and execute the appropriate controller based on a given route.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $route  The route string for which to find and execute
a controller.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed   The return value of the controller executed
	 *
	 * @since   3.0
	 * @throws  InvalidArgumentException
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function execute($route)
	{
		// Get the controller name based on the route patterns and requested
route.
		$name = $this->parseRoute($route);

		// Get the controller object by name.
		$controller = $this->fetchController($name);

		// Execute the controller.
		return $controller->execute();
	}

	/**
	 * Set the controller name prefix.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $prefix  Controller class name prefix for creating
controller objects by name.
	 *
	 * @return  JApplicationWebRouter  This object for method chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0
	 */
	public function setControllerPrefix($prefix)
	{
		$this->controllerPrefix	= (string) $prefix;

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Set the default controller name.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $name  The default page controller name for an empty
route.
	 *
	 * @return  JApplicationWebRouter  This object for method chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0
	 */
	public function setDefaultController($name)
	{
		$this->default = (string) $name;

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Parse the given route and return the name of a controller mapped to the
given route.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $route  The route string for which to find and execute
a controller.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The controller name for the given route excluding
prefix.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0
	 * @throws  InvalidArgumentException
	 */
	abstract protected function parseRoute($route);

	/**
	 * Get a JController object for a given name.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $name  The controller name (excluding prefix) for
which to fetch and instance.
	 *
	 * @return  JController
	 *
	 * @since   3.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	protected function fetchController($name)
	{
		// Derive the controller class name.
		$class = $this->controllerPrefix . ucfirst($name);

		// If the controller class does not exist panic.
		if (!class_exists($class) || !is_subclass_of($class,
'JController'))
		{
			throw new RuntimeException(sprintf('Unable to locate controller
`%s`.', $class), 404);
		}

		// Instantiate the controller.
		$controller = new $class($this->input, $this->app);

		return $controller;
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Archive
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

jimport('joomla.filesystem.file');
jimport('joomla.filesystem.folder');

use Joomla\Archive\Archive;

/**
 * An Archive handling class
 *
 * @since       1.5
 * @deprecated  4.0 use the Joomla\Archive\Archive class instead
 */
class JArchive
{
	/**
	 * The array of instantiated archive adapters.
	 *
	 * @var    JArchiveExtractable[]
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	protected static $adapters = array();

	/**
	 * Extract an archive file to a directory.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $archivename  The name of the archive file
	 * @param   string  $extractdir   Directory to unpack into
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True for success
	 *
	 * @since   1.5
	 * @throws  InvalidArgumentException
	 * @deprecated  4.0 use the Joomla\Archive\Archive class instead
	 */
	public static function extract($archivename, $extractdir)
	{
		// The archive instance
		$archive = new Archive(array('tmp_path' =>
JFactory::getConfig()->get('tmp_path')));

		// Extract the archive
		return $archive->extract($archivename, $extractdir);
	}

	/**
	 * Get a file compression adapter.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $type  The type of adapter (bzip2|gzip|tar|zip).
	 *
	 * @return  JArchiveExtractable  Adapter for the requested type
	 *
	 * @since   1.5
	 * @throws  UnexpectedValueException
	 * @deprecated  4.0 use the Joomla\Archive\Archive class instead
	 */
	public static function getAdapter($type)
	{
		if (!isset(self::$adapters[$type]))
		{
			// Try to load the adapter object
			$class = 'JArchive' . ucfirst($type);

			if (!class_exists($class))
			{
				throw new UnexpectedValueException('Unable to load archive',
500);
			}

			self::$adapters[$type] = new $class;
		}

		return self::$adapters[$type];
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Archive
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

jimport('joomla.filesystem.file');
jimport('joomla.filesystem.stream');

/**
 * Bzip2 format adapter for the JArchive class
 *
 * @since       1.5
 * @deprecated  4.0 use the Joomla\Archive\Bzip2 class instead
 */
class JArchiveBzip2 implements JArchiveExtractable
{
	/**
	 * Bzip2 file data buffer
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  1.5
	 */
	private $_data = null;

	/**
	 * Extract a Bzip2 compressed file to a given path
	 *
	 * @param   string  $archive      Path to Bzip2 archive to extract
	 * @param   string  $destination  Path to extract archive to
	 * @param   array   $options      Extraction options [unused]
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if successful
	 *
	 * @since   1.5
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function extract($archive, $destination, array $options = array())
	{
		$this->_data = null;

		if (!extension_loaded('bz2'))
		{
			$this->raiseWarning(100, 'The bz2 extension is not
available.');
		}

		if (isset($options['use_streams']) &&
$options['use_streams'] != false)
		{
			return $this->extractStream($archive, $destination, $options);
		}

		// Old style: read the whole file and then parse it
		$this->_data = file_get_contents($archive);

		if (!$this->_data)
		{
			return $this->raiseWarning(100, 'Unable to read archive');
		}

		$buffer = bzdecompress($this->_data);
		unset($this->_data);

		if (empty($buffer))
		{
			return $this->raiseWarning(100, 'Unable to decompress
data');
		}

		if (JFile::write($destination, $buffer) === false)
		{
			return $this->raiseWarning(100, 'Unable to write archive');
		}

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to extract archive using stream objects
	 *
	 * @param   string  $archive      Path to Bzip2 archive to extract
	 * @param   string  $destination  Path to extract archive to
	 * @param   array   $options      Extraction options [unused]
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if successful
	 *
	 * @since   3.6.0
	 */
	protected function extractStream($archive, $destination, $options =
array())
	{
		// New style! streams!
		$input = JFactory::getStream();

		// Use bzip
		$input->set('processingmethod', 'bz');

		if (!$input->open($archive))
		{
			return $this->raiseWarning(100, 'Unable to read archive
(bz2)');

		}

		$output = JFactory::getStream();

		if (!$output->open($destination, 'w'))
		{
			$input->close();

			return $this->raiseWarning(100, 'Unable to write archive
(bz2)');

		}

		do
		{
			$this->_data = $input->read($input->get('chunksize',
8196));

			if ($this->_data && !$output->write($this->_data))
			{
				$input->close();

				return $this->raiseWarning(100, 'Unable to write archive
(bz2)');
			}
		}

		while ($this->_data);

		$output->close();
		$input->close();

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Temporary private method to isolate JError from the extract method
	 * This code should be removed when JError is removed.
	 *
	 * @param   int     $code  The application-internal error code for this
error
	 * @param   string  $msg   The error message, which may also be shown the
user if need be.
	 *
	 * @return  JException  JException instance if JError class exists
	 *
	 * @since   3.6.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException if JError class does not exist
	 */
	private function raiseWarning($code, $msg)
	{
		if (class_exists('JError'))
		{
			return JError::raiseWarning($code, $msg);
		}

		throw new RuntimeException($msg);
	}

	/**
	 * Tests whether this adapter can unpack files on this computer.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if supported
	 *
	 * @since   2.5.0
	 */
	public static function isSupported()
	{
		return extension_loaded('bz2');
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Archive
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * Archieve class interface
 *
 * @since       3.0.0
 * @deprecated  4.0 use the Joomla\Archive\ExtractableInterface interface
instead
 */
interface JArchiveExtractable
{
	/**
	 * Extract a compressed file to a given path
	 *
	 * @param   string  $archive      Path to archive to extract
	 * @param   string  $destination  Path to extract archive to
	 * @param   array   $options      Extraction options [may be unused]
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if successful
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function extract($archive, $destination, array $options = array());

	/**
	 * Tests whether this adapter can unpack files on this computer.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if supported
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public static function isSupported();
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Archive
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

jimport('joomla.filesystem.file');

/**
 * Gzip format adapter for the JArchive class
 *
 * This class is inspired from and draws heavily in code and concept from
the Compress package of
 * The Horde Project <https://www.horde.org>
 *
 * @contributor  Michael Slusarz <slusarz@horde.org>
 * @contributor  Michael Cochrane <mike@graftonhall.co.nz>
 *
 * @since       1.5
 * @deprecated  4.0 use the Joomla\Archive\Gzip class instead
 */
class JArchiveGzip implements JArchiveExtractable
{
	/**
	 * Gzip file flags.
	 *
	 * @var    array
	 * @since  1.5
	 */
	private $_flags = array('FTEXT' => 0x01, 'FHCRC'
=> 0x02, 'FEXTRA' => 0x04, 'FNAME' => 0x08,
'FCOMMENT' => 0x10);

	/**
	 * Gzip file data buffer
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  1.5
	 */
	private $_data = null;

	/**
	 * Extract a Gzip compressed file to a given path
	 *
	 * @param   string  $archive      Path to ZIP archive to extract
	 * @param   string  $destination  Path to extract archive to
	 * @param   array   $options      Extraction options [unused]
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if successful
	 *
	 * @since   1.5
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function extract($archive, $destination, array $options = array())
	{
		$this->_data = null;

		if (!extension_loaded('zlib'))
		{
			return $this->raiseWarning(100, 'The zlib extension is not
available.');
		}

		if (isset($options['use_streams']) &&
$options['use_streams'] != false)
		{
			return $this->extractStream($archive, $destination, $options);
		}

		$this->_data = file_get_contents($archive);

		if (!$this->_data)
		{
			return $this->raiseWarning(100, 'Unable to read archive');
		}

		$position = $this->_getFilePosition();
		$buffer = gzinflate(substr($this->_data, $position,
strlen($this->_data) - $position));

		if (empty($buffer))
		{
			return $this->raiseWarning(100, 'Unable to decompress
data');
		}

		if (JFile::write($destination, $buffer) === false)
		{
			return $this->raiseWarning(100, 'Unable to write archive');
		}

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to extract archive using stream objects
	 *
	 * @param   string  $archive      Path to ZIP archive to extract
	 * @param   string  $destination  Path to extract archive to
	 * @param   array   $options      Extraction options [unused]
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if successful
	 *
	 * @since   3.6.0
	 */
	protected function extractStream($archive, $destination, $options =
array())
	{
		// New style! streams!
		$input = JFactory::getStream();

		// Use gz
		$input->set('processingmethod', 'gz');

		if (!$input->open($archive))
		{
			return $this->raiseWarning(100, 'Unable to read archive
(gz)');
		}

		$output = JFactory::getStream();

		if (!$output->open($destination, 'w'))
		{
			$input->close();

			return $this->raiseWarning(100, 'Unable to write archive
(gz)');
		}

		do
		{
			$this->_data = $input->read($input->get('chunksize',
8196));

			if ($this->_data && !$output->write($this->_data))
			{
				$input->close();

				return $this->raiseWarning(100, 'Unable to write file
(gz)');
			}
		}

		while ($this->_data);

		$output->close();
		$input->close();

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Temporary private method to isolate JError from the extract method
	 * This code should be removed when JError is removed.
	 *
	 * @param   int     $code  The application-internal error code for this
error
	 * @param   string  $msg   The error message, which may also be shown the
user if need be.
	 *
	 * @return  JException  JException instance if JError class exists
	 *
	 * @since   3.6.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException if JError class does not exist
	 */
	private function raiseWarning($code, $msg)
	{
		if (class_exists('JError'))
		{
			return JError::raiseWarning($code, $msg);
		}

		throw new RuntimeException($msg);
	}

	/**
	 * Tests whether this adapter can unpack files on this computer.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if supported
	 *
	 * @since   2.5.0
	 */
	public static function isSupported()
	{
		return extension_loaded('zlib');
	}

	/**
	 * Get file data offset for archive
	 *
	 * @return  integer  Data position marker for archive
	 *
	 * @since   1.5
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function _getFilePosition()
	{
		// Gzipped file... unpack it first
		$position = 0;
		$info = @ unpack('CCM/CFLG/VTime/CXFL/COS',
substr($this->_data, $position + 2));

		if (!$info)
		{
			return $this->raiseWarning(100, 'Unable to decompress
data.');
		}

		$position += 10;

		if ($info['FLG'] & $this->_flags['FEXTRA'])
		{
			$XLEN = unpack('vLength', substr($this->_data, $position +
0, 2));
			$XLEN = $XLEN['Length'];
			$position += $XLEN + 2;
		}

		if ($info['FLG'] & $this->_flags['FNAME'])
		{
			$filenamePos = strpos($this->_data, "\x0", $position);
			$position = $filenamePos + 1;
		}

		if ($info['FLG'] & $this->_flags['FCOMMENT'])
		{
			$commentPos = strpos($this->_data, "\x0", $position);
			$position = $commentPos + 1;
		}

		if ($info['FLG'] & $this->_flags['FHCRC'])
		{
			$hcrc = unpack('vCRC', substr($this->_data, $position + 0,
2));
			$hcrc = $hcrc['CRC'];
			$position += 2;
		}

		return $position;
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Archive
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

jimport('joomla.filesystem.file');
jimport('joomla.filesystem.folder');
jimport('joomla.filesystem.path');

/**
 * Tar format adapter for the JArchive class
 *
 * This class is inspired from and draws heavily in code and concept from
the Compress package of
 * The Horde Project <https://www.horde.org>
 *
 * @contributor  Michael Slusarz <slusarz@horde.org>
 * @contributor  Michael Cochrane <mike@graftonhall.co.nz>
 *
 * @since       1.5
 * @deprecated  4.0 use the Joomla\Archive\Tar class instead
 */
class JArchiveTar implements JArchiveExtractable
{
	/**
	 * Tar file types.
	 *
	 * @var    array
	 * @since  1.5
	 */
	private $_types = array(
		0x0  => 'Unix file',
		0x30 => 'File',
		0x31 => 'Link',
		0x32 => 'Symbolic link',
		0x33 => 'Character special file',
		0x34 => 'Block special file',
		0x35 => 'Directory',
		0x36 => 'FIFO special file',
		0x37 => 'Contiguous file',
	);

	/**
	 * Tar file data buffer
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  1.5
	 */
	private $_data = null;

	/**
	 * Tar file metadata array
	 *
	 * @var    array
	 * @since  1.5
	 */
	private $_metadata = null;

	/**
	 * Extract a ZIP compressed file to a given path
	 *
	 * @param   string  $archive      Path to ZIP archive to extract
	 * @param   string  $destination  Path to extract archive into
	 * @param   array   $options      Extraction options [unused]
	 *
	 * @return  boolean|JException  True on success, JException instance on
failure if JError class exists
	 *
	 * @since   1.5
	 * @throws  RuntimeException if JError class does not exist
	 */
	public function extract($archive, $destination, array $options = array())
	{
		$this->_data = null;
		$this->_metadata = null;

		$this->_data = file_get_contents($archive);

		if (!$this->_data)
		{
			if (class_exists('JError'))
			{
				return JError::raiseWarning(100, 'Unable to read archive');
			}
			else
			{
				throw new RuntimeException('Unable to read archive');
			}
		}

		$this->_getTarInfo($this->_data);

		for ($i = 0, $n = count($this->_metadata); $i < $n; $i++)
		{
			$type = strtolower($this->_metadata[$i]['type']);

			if ($type == 'file' || $type == 'unix file')
			{
				$buffer = $this->_metadata[$i]['data'];
				$path = JPath::clean($destination . '/' .
$this->_metadata[$i]['name']);

				// Make sure the destination folder exists
				if (!JFolder::create(dirname($path)))
				{
					if (class_exists('JError'))
					{
						return JError::raiseWarning(100, 'Unable to create
destination');
					}
					else
					{
						throw new RuntimeException('Unable to create destination');
					}
				}

				if (JFile::write($path, $buffer) === false)
				{
					if (class_exists('JError'))
					{
						return JError::raiseWarning(100, 'Unable to write entry');
					}
					else
					{
						throw new RuntimeException('Unable to write entry');
					}
				}
			}
		}

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Tests whether this adapter can unpack files on this computer.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if supported
	 *
	 * @since   2.5.0
	 */
	public static function isSupported()
	{
		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the list of files/data from a Tar archive buffer.
	 *
	 * @param   string  &$data  The Tar archive buffer.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean|JException  True on success, JException instance on
failure if JError class exists
	 *
	 * @since   1.5
	 * @throws  RuntimeException if JError class does not exist
	 */
	protected function _getTarInfo(& $data)
	{
		$position = 0;
		$return_array = array();

		while ($position < strlen($data))
		{
			if (version_compare(PHP_VERSION, '5.5', '>='))
			{
				$info = @unpack(
					'Z100filename/Z8mode/Z8uid/Z8gid/Z12size/Z12mtime/Z8checksum/Ctypeflag/Z100link/Z6magic/Z2version/Z32uname/Z32gname/Z8devmajor/Z8devminor',
					substr($data, $position)
				);
			}
			else
			{
				$info = @unpack(
					'a100filename/a8mode/a8uid/a8gid/a12size/a12mtime/a8checksum/Ctypeflag/a100link/a6magic/a2version/a32uname/a32gname/a8devmajor/a8devminor',
					substr($data, $position)
				);
			}

			/**
			 * This variable has been set in the previous loop,
			 * meaning that the filename was present in the previous block
			 * to allow more than 100 characters - see below
			 */
			if (isset($longlinkfilename))
			{
				$info['filename'] = $longlinkfilename;
				unset($longlinkfilename);
			}

			if (!$info)
			{
				if (class_exists('JError'))
				{
					return JError::raiseWarning(100, 'Unable to decompress
data');
				}
				else
				{
					throw new RuntimeException('Unable to decompress data');
				}
			}

			$position += 512;
			$contents = substr($data, $position, octdec($info['size']));
			$position += ceil(octdec($info['size']) / 512) * 512;

			if ($info['filename'])
			{
				$file = array(
					'attr' => null,
					'data' => null,
					'date' => octdec($info['mtime']),
					'name' => trim($info['filename']),
					'size' => octdec($info['size']),
					'type' =>
isset($this->_types[$info['typeflag']]) ?
$this->_types[$info['typeflag']] : null,
				);

				if (($info['typeflag'] == 0) || ($info['typeflag']
== 0x30) || ($info['typeflag'] == 0x35))
				{
					// File or folder.
					$file['data'] = $contents;

					$mode = hexdec(substr($info['mode'], 4, 3));
					$file['attr'] = (($info['typeflag'] == 0x35) ?
'd' : '-') . (($mode & 0x400) ? 'r' :
'-') . (($mode & 0x200) ? 'w' : '-') .
						(($mode & 0x100) ? 'x' : '-') . (($mode &
0x040) ? 'r' : '-') . (($mode & 0x020) ?
'w' : '-') . (($mode & 0x010) ? 'x' :
'-') .
						(($mode & 0x004) ? 'r' : '-') . (($mode &
0x002) ? 'w' : '-') . (($mode & 0x001) ?
'x' : '-');
				}
				elseif (chr($info['typeflag']) == 'L' &&
$info['filename'] == '././@LongLink')
				{
					// GNU tar ././@LongLink support - the filename is actually in the
contents,
					// setting a variable here so we can test in the next loop
					$longlinkfilename = $contents;

					// And the file contents are in the next block so we'll need to
skip this
					continue;
				}
				else
				{
					// Some other type.
				}

				$return_array[] = $file;
			}
		}

		$this->_metadata = $return_array;

		return true;
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Archive
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * Wrapper class for JArchive
 *
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Archive
 * @since       3.4
 * @deprecated  4.0 use the Joomla\Archive\Archive class instead
 */
class JArchiveWrapperArchive
{
	/**
	 * Helper wrapper method for extract
	 *
	 * @param   string  $archivename  The name of the archive file
	 * @param   string  $extractdir   Directory to unpack into
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True for success
	 *
	 * @see     JArchive::extract()
	 * @since   3.4
	 * @throws InvalidArgumentException
	 * @deprecated 4.0 use the Joomla\Archive\Archive class instead
	 */
	public function extract($archivename, $extractdir)
	{
		return JArchive::extract($archivename, $extractdir);
	}

	/**
	 * Helper wrapper method for getAdapter
	 *
	 * @param   string  $type  The type of adapter (bzip2|gzip|tar|zip).
	 *
	 * @return  JArchiveExtractable  Adapter for the requested type
	 *
	 * @see     JUserHelper::getAdapter()
	 * @since   3.4
	 * @deprecated 4.0 use the Joomla\Archive\Archive class instead
	 */
	public function getAdapter($type)
	{
		return JArchive::getAdapter($type);
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Archive
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

jimport('joomla.filesystem.file');
jimport('joomla.filesystem.folder');

/**
 * ZIP format adapter for the JArchive class
 *
 * The ZIP compression code is partially based on code from:
 * Eric Mueller <eric@themepark.com>
 * http://www.zend.com/codex.php?id=535&single=1
 *
 * Deins125 <webmaster@atlant.ru>
 * http://www.zend.com/codex.php?id=470&single=1
 *
 * The ZIP compression date code is partially based on code from
 * Peter Listiak <mlady@users.sourceforge.net>
 *
 * This class is inspired from and draws heavily in code and concept from
the Compress package of
 * The Horde Project <https://www.horde.org>
 *
 * @contributor  Chuck Hagenbuch <chuck@horde.org>
 * @contributor  Michael Slusarz <slusarz@horde.org>
 * @contributor  Michael Cochrane <mike@graftonhall.co.nz>
 *
 * @since       1.5
 * @deprecated  4.0 use the Joomla\Archive\Zip class instead
 */
class JArchiveZip implements JArchiveExtractable
{
	/**
	 * ZIP compression methods.
	 *
	 * @var    array
	 * @since  1.5
	 */
	private $_methods = array(
		0x0 => 'None',
		0x1 => 'Shrunk',
		0x2 => 'Super Fast',
		0x3 => 'Fast',
		0x4 => 'Normal',
		0x5 => 'Maximum',
		0x6 => 'Imploded',
		0x8 => 'Deflated',
	);

	/**
	 * Beginning of central directory record.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  1.5
	 */
	private $_ctrlDirHeader = "\x50\x4b\x01\x02";

	/**
	 * End of central directory record.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  1.5
	 */
	private $_ctrlDirEnd = "\x50\x4b\x05\x06\x00\x00\x00\x00";

	/**
	 * Beginning of file contents.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  1.5
	 */
	private $_fileHeader = "\x50\x4b\x03\x04";

	/**
	 * ZIP file data buffer
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  1.5
	 */
	private $_data = null;

	/**
	 * ZIP file metadata array
	 *
	 * @var    array
	 * @since  1.5
	 */
	private $_metadata = null;

	/**
	 * Create a ZIP compressed file from an array of file data.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $archive  Path to save archive.
	 * @param   array   $files    Array of files to add to archive.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if successful.
	 *
	 * @since   1.5
	 *
	 * @todo    Finish Implementation
	 */
	public function create($archive, $files)
	{
		$contents = array();
		$ctrldir = array();

		foreach ($files as $file)
		{
			$this->_addToZIPFile($file, $contents, $ctrldir);
		}

		return $this->_createZIPFile($contents, $ctrldir, $archive);
	}

	/**
	 * Extract a ZIP compressed file to a given path
	 *
	 * @param   string  $archive      Path to ZIP archive to extract
	 * @param   string  $destination  Path to extract archive into
	 * @param   array   $options      Extraction options [unused]
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if successful
	 *
	 * @since   1.5
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function extract($archive, $destination, array $options = array())
	{
		if (!is_file($archive))
		{
			return $this->raiseWarning(100, 'Archive does not exist');
		}

		if ($this->hasNativeSupport())
		{
			return $this->extractNative($archive, $destination);
		}

		return $this->extractCustom($archive, $destination);
	}

	/**
	 * Temporary private method to isolate JError from the extract method
	 * This code should be removed when JError is removed.
	 *
	 * @param   int     $code  The application-internal error code for this
error
	 * @param   string  $msg   The error message, which may also be shown the
user if need be.
	 *
	 * @return  JException  JException instance if JError class exists
	 *
	 * @since   3.6.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException if JError class does not exist
	 */
	private function raiseWarning($code, $msg)
	{
		if (class_exists('JError'))
		{
			return JError::raiseWarning($code, $msg);
		}

		throw new RuntimeException($msg);
	}

	/**
	 * Tests whether this adapter can unpack files on this computer.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if supported
	 *
	 * @since   2.5.0
	 */
	public static function isSupported()
	{
		return self::hasNativeSupport() || extension_loaded('zlib');
	}

	/**
	 * Method to determine if the server has native zip support for faster
handling
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if php has native ZIP support
	 *
	 * @since   1.5
	 */
	public static function hasNativeSupport()
	{
		return extension_loaded('zip');
	}

	/**
	 * Checks to see if the data is a valid ZIP file.
	 *
	 * @param   string  &$data  ZIP archive data buffer.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if valid, false if invalid.
	 *
	 * @since   1.5
	 */
	public function checkZipData(&$data)
	{
		if (strpos($data, $this->_fileHeader) === false)
		{
			return false;
		}

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Extract a ZIP compressed file to a given path using a php based
algorithm that only requires zlib support
	 *
	 * @param   string  $archive      Path to ZIP archive to extract.
	 * @param   string  $destination  Path to extract archive into.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed   True if successful
	 *
	 * @since   3.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	protected function extractCustom($archive, $destination)
	{
		$this->_data = null;
		$this->_metadata = null;

		if (!extension_loaded('zlib'))
		{
			return $this->raiseWarning(100, 'Zlib not supported');
		}

		$this->_data = file_get_contents($archive);

		if (!$this->_data)
		{
			return $this->raiseWarning(100, 'Unable to read archive
(zip)');
		}

		if (!$this->_readZipInfo($this->_data))
		{
			return $this->raiseWarning(100, 'Get ZIP Information
failed');
		}

		for ($i = 0, $n = count($this->_metadata); $i < $n; $i++)
		{
			$lastPathCharacter = substr($this->_metadata[$i]['name'],
-1, 1);

			if ($lastPathCharacter !== '/' && $lastPathCharacter
!== '\\')
			{
				$buffer = $this->_getFileData($i);
				$path = JPath::clean($destination . '/' .
$this->_metadata[$i]['name']);

				// Make sure the destination folder exists
				if (!JFolder::create(dirname($path)))
				{
					return $this->raiseWarning(100, 'Unable to create
destination');
				}

				if (JFile::write($path, $buffer) === false)
				{
					return $this->raiseWarning(100, 'Unable to write entry');
				}
			}
		}

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Extract a ZIP compressed file to a given path using native php api
calls for speed
	 *
	 * @param   string  $archive      Path to ZIP archive to extract
	 * @param   string  $destination  Path to extract archive into
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success
	 *
	 * @since   3.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	protected function extractNative($archive, $destination)
	{
		$zip = new \ZipArchive;

		if ($zip->open($archive) !== true)
		{
			return $this->raiseWarning(100, 'Unable to open archive');
		}

		// Make sure the destination folder exists
		if (!JFolder::create($destination))
		{
			return $this->raiseWarning(100, 'Unable to create
destination');
		}

		// Read files in the archive
		for ($index = 0; $index < $zip->numFiles; $index++)
		{
			$file = $zip->getNameIndex($index);

			if (substr($file, -1) === '/')
			{
				continue;
			}

			$buffer = $zip->getFromIndex($index);

			if ($buffer === false)
			{
				return $this->raiseWarning(100, 'Unable to read entry');
			}

			if (JFile::write($destination . '/' . $file, $buffer) ===
false)
			{
				return $this->raiseWarning(100, 'Unable to write entry');
			}
		}

		$zip->close();

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the list of files/data from a ZIP archive buffer.
	 *
	 * <pre>
	 * KEY: Position in zipfile
	 * VALUES: 'attr'  --  File attributes
	 * 'crc'   --  CRC checksum
	 * 'csize' --  Compressed file size
	 * 'date'  --  File modification time
	 * 'name'  --  Filename
	 * 'method'--  Compression method
	 * 'size'  --  Original file size
	 * 'type'  --  File type
	 * </pre>
	 *
	 * @param   string  &$data  The ZIP archive buffer.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean True on success
	 *
	 * @since   2.5.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	private function _readZipInfo(&$data)
	{
		$entries = array();

		// Find the last central directory header entry
		$fhLast = strpos($data, $this->_ctrlDirEnd);

		do
		{
			$last = $fhLast;
		}

		while (($fhLast = strpos($data, $this->_ctrlDirEnd, $fhLast + 1)) !==
false);

		// Find the central directory offset
		$offset = 0;

		if ($last)
		{
			$endOfCentralDirectory = unpack(
				'vNumberOfDisk/vNoOfDiskWithStartOfCentralDirectory/vNoOfCentralDirectoryEntriesOnDisk/'
.
				'vTotalCentralDirectoryEntries/VSizeOfCentralDirectory/VCentralDirectoryOffset/vCommentLength',
				substr($data, $last + 4)
			);
			$offset = $endOfCentralDirectory['CentralDirectoryOffset'];
		}

		// Get details from central directory structure.
		$fhStart = strpos($data, $this->_ctrlDirHeader, $offset);
		$dataLength = strlen($data);

		do
		{
			if ($dataLength < $fhStart + 31)
			{
				return $this->raiseWarning(100, 'Invalid Zip Data');
			}

			$info =
unpack('vMethod/VTime/VCRC32/VCompressed/VUncompressed/vLength',
substr($data, $fhStart + 10, 20));
			$name = substr($data, $fhStart + 46, $info['Length']);

			$entries[$name] = array(
				'attr' => null,
				'crc' => sprintf('%08s',
dechex($info['CRC32'])),
				'csize' => $info['Compressed'],
				'date' => null,
				'_dataStart' => null,
				'name' => $name,
				'method' => $this->_methods[$info['Method']],
				'_method' => $info['Method'],
				'size' => $info['Uncompressed'],
				'type' => null,
			);

			$entries[$name]['date'] = mktime(
				(($info['Time'] >> 11) & 0x1f),
				(($info['Time'] >> 5) & 0x3f),
				(($info['Time'] << 1) & 0x3e),
				(($info['Time'] >> 21) & 0x07),
				(($info['Time'] >> 16) & 0x1f),
				((($info['Time'] >> 25) & 0x7f) + 1980)
			);

			if ($dataLength < $fhStart + 43)
			{
				return $this->raiseWarning(100, 'Invalid ZIP data');
			}

			$info = unpack('vInternal/VExternal/VOffset', substr($data,
$fhStart + 36, 10));

			$entries[$name]['type'] = ($info['Internal'] &
0x01) ? 'text' : 'binary';
			$entries[$name]['attr'] = (($info['External'] &
0x10) ? 'D' : '-') . (($info['External']
& 0x20) ? 'A' : '-')
				. (($info['External'] & 0x03) ? 'S' :
'-') . (($info['External'] & 0x02) ? 'H'
: '-') . (($info['External'] & 0x01) ?
'R' : '-');
			$entries[$name]['offset'] = $info['Offset'];

			// Get details from local file header since we have the offset
			$lfhStart = strpos($data, $this->_fileHeader,
$entries[$name]['offset']);

			if ($dataLength < $lfhStart + 34)
			{
				return $this->raiseWarning(100, 'Invalid Zip Data');
			}

			$info =
unpack('vMethod/VTime/VCRC32/VCompressed/VUncompressed/vLength/vExtraLength',
substr($data, $lfhStart + 8, 25));
			$name = substr($data, $lfhStart + 30, $info['Length']);
			$entries[$name]['_dataStart'] = $lfhStart + 30 +
$info['Length'] + $info['ExtraLength'];

			// Bump the max execution time because not using the built in php zip
libs makes this process slow.
			@set_time_limit(ini_get('max_execution_time'));
		}

		while ((($fhStart = strpos($data, $this->_ctrlDirHeader, $fhStart +
46)) !== false));

		$this->_metadata = array_values($entries);

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the file data for a file by offset in the ZIP archive
	 *
	 * @param   integer  $key  The position of the file in the archive.
	 *
	 * @return  string  Uncompressed file data buffer.
	 *
	 * @since   1.5
	 */
	private function _getFileData($key)
	{
		$method = $this->_metadata[$key]['_method'];

		if ($method == 0x12 && !extension_loaded('bz2'))
		{
			return '';
		}

		switch ($method)
		{
			case 0x8:
				return gzinflate(substr($this->_data,
$this->_metadata[$key]['_dataStart'],
$this->_metadata[$key]['csize']));

			case 0x0:
				// Files that aren't compressed.
				return substr($this->_data,
$this->_metadata[$key]['_dataStart'],
$this->_metadata[$key]['csize']);

			case 0x12:

				return bzdecompress(substr($this->_data,
$this->_metadata[$key]['_dataStart'],
$this->_metadata[$key]['csize']));
		}

		return '';
	}

	/**
	 * Converts a UNIX timestamp to a 4-byte DOS date and time format
	 * (date in high 2-bytes, time in low 2-bytes allowing magnitude
	 * comparison).
	 *
	 * @param   int  $unixtime  The current UNIX timestamp.
	 *
	 * @return  int  The current date in a 4-byte DOS format.
	 *
	 * @since   1.5
	 */
	protected function _unix2DOSTime($unixtime = null)
	{
		$timearray = (is_null($unixtime)) ? getdate() : getdate($unixtime);

		if ($timearray['year'] < 1980)
		{
			$timearray['year'] = 1980;
			$timearray['mon'] = 1;
			$timearray['mday'] = 1;
			$timearray['hours'] = 0;
			$timearray['minutes'] = 0;
			$timearray['seconds'] = 0;
		}

		return (($timearray['year'] - 1980) << 25) |
($timearray['mon'] << 21) | ($timearray['mday']
<< 16) | ($timearray['hours'] << 11) |
			($timearray['minutes'] << 5) |
($timearray['seconds'] >> 1);
	}

	/**
	 * Adds a "file" to the ZIP archive.
	 *
	 * @param   array  &$file      File data array to add
	 * @param   array  &$contents  An array of existing zipped files.
	 * @param   array  &$ctrldir   An array of central directory
information.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   1.5
	 *
	 * @todo    Review and finish implementation
	 */
	private function _addToZIPFile(array &$file, array &$contents,
array &$ctrldir)
	{
		$data = &$file['data'];
		$name = str_replace('\\', '/',
$file['name']);

		/* See if time/date information has been provided. */
		$ftime = null;

		if (isset($file['time']))
		{
			$ftime = $file['time'];
		}

		// Get the hex time.
		$dtime = dechex($this->_unix2DosTime($ftime));
		$hexdtime = chr(hexdec($dtime[6] . $dtime[7])) . chr(hexdec($dtime[4] .
$dtime[5])) . chr(hexdec($dtime[2] . $dtime[3]))
			. chr(hexdec($dtime[0] . $dtime[1]));

		/* Begin creating the ZIP data. */
		$fr = $this->_fileHeader;
		/* Version needed to extract. */
		$fr .= "\x14\x00";
		/* General purpose bit flag. */
		$fr .= "\x00\x00";
		/* Compression method. */
		$fr .= "\x08\x00";
		/* Last modification time/date. */
		$fr .= $hexdtime;

		/* "Local file header" segment. */
		$unc_len = strlen($data);
		$crc = crc32($data);
		$zdata = gzcompress($data);
		$zdata = substr(substr($zdata, 0, strlen($zdata) - 4), 2);
		$c_len = strlen($zdata);

		/* CRC 32 information. */
		$fr .= pack('V', $crc);
		/* Compressed filesize. */
		$fr .= pack('V', $c_len);
		/* Uncompressed filesize. */
		$fr .= pack('V', $unc_len);
		/* Length of filename. */
		$fr .= pack('v', strlen($name));
		/* Extra field length. */
		$fr .= pack('v', 0);
		/* File name. */
		$fr .= $name;

		/* "File data" segment. */
		$fr .= $zdata;

		/* Add this entry to array. */
		$old_offset = strlen(implode('', $contents));
		$contents[] = &$fr;

		/* Add to central directory record. */
		$cdrec = $this->_ctrlDirHeader;
		/* Version made by. */
		$cdrec .= "\x00\x00";
		/* Version needed to extract */
		$cdrec .= "\x14\x00";
		/* General purpose bit flag */
		$cdrec .= "\x00\x00";
		/* Compression method */
		$cdrec .= "\x08\x00";
		/* Last mod time/date. */
		$cdrec .= $hexdtime;
		/* CRC 32 information. */
		$cdrec .= pack('V', $crc);
		/* Compressed filesize. */
		$cdrec .= pack('V', $c_len);
		/* Uncompressed filesize. */
		$cdrec .= pack('V', $unc_len);
		/* Length of filename. */
		$cdrec .= pack('v', strlen($name));
		/* Extra field length. */
		$cdrec .= pack('v', 0);
		/* File comment length. */
		$cdrec .= pack('v', 0);
		/* Disk number start. */
		$cdrec .= pack('v', 0);
		/* Internal file attributes. */
		$cdrec .= pack('v', 0);
		/* External file attributes -'archive' bit set. */
		$cdrec .= pack('V', 32);
		/* Relative offset of local header. */
		$cdrec .= pack('V', $old_offset);
		/* File name. */
		$cdrec .= $name;
		/* Optional extra field, file comment goes here. */

		/* Save to central directory array. */
		$ctrldir[] = &$cdrec;
	}

	/**
	 * Creates the ZIP file.
	 *
	 * Official ZIP file format:
https://support.pkware.com/display/PKZIP/APPNOTE
	 *
	 * @param   array   &$contents  An array of existing zipped files.
	 * @param   array   &$ctrlDir   An array of central directory
information.
	 * @param   string  $path       The path to store the archive.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if successful
	 *
	 * @since   1.5
	 *
	 * @todo	Review and finish implementation
	 */
	private function _createZIPFile(array &$contents, array &$ctrlDir,
$path)
	{
		$data = implode('', $contents);
		$dir = implode('', $ctrlDir);

		$buffer = $data . $dir . $this->_ctrlDirEnd . /* Total # of entries
"on this disk". */
		pack('v', count($ctrlDir)) . /* Total # of entries overall. */
		pack('v', count($ctrlDir)) . /* Size of central directory. */
		pack('V', strlen($dir)) . /* Offset to start of central dir. */
		pack('V', strlen($data)) . /* ZIP file comment length. */
		"\x00\x00";

		if (JFile::write($path, $buffer) === false)
		{
			return false;
		}

		return true;
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Base
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * Adapter Class
 * Retains common adapter pattern functions
 * Class harvested from joomla.installer.installer
 *
 * @since       1.6
 * @deprecated  5.0 Will be removed without replacement
 */
class JAdapter extends JObject
{
	/**
	 * Associative array of adapters
	 *
	 * @var    JAdapterInstance[]
	 * @since  1.6
	 */
	protected $_adapters = array();

	/**
	 * Adapter Folder
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  1.6
	 */
	protected $_adapterfolder = 'adapters';

	/**
	 * Adapter Class Prefix
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  1.6
	 */
	protected $_classprefix = 'J';

	/**
	 * Base Path for the adapter instance
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  1.6
	 */
	protected $_basepath = null;

	/**
	 * Database Connector Object
	 *
	 * @var    JDatabaseDriver
	 * @since  1.6
	 */
	protected $_db;

	/**
	 * Constructor
	 *
	 * @param   string  $basepath       Base Path of the adapters
	 * @param   string  $classprefix    Class prefix of adapters
	 * @param   string  $adapterfolder  Name of folder to append to base path
	 *
	 * @since   1.6
	 */
	public function __construct($basepath, $classprefix = null, $adapterfolder
= null)
	{
		$this->_basepath = $basepath;
		$this->_classprefix = $classprefix ? $classprefix : 'J';
		$this->_adapterfolder = $adapterfolder ? $adapterfolder :
'adapters';

		$this->_db = JFactory::getDbo();
	}

	/**
	 * Get the database connector object
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriver  Database connector object
	 *
	 * @since   1.6
	 */
	public function getDbo()
	{
		return $this->_db;
	}

	/**
	 * Return an adapter.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $name     Name of adapter to return
	 * @param   array   $options  Adapter options
	 *
	 * @return  JAdapterInstance|boolean  Adapter of type 'name' or
false
	 *
	 * @since   1.6
	 */
	public function getAdapter($name, $options = array())
	{
		if (array_key_exists($name, $this->_adapters))
		{
			return $this->_adapters[$name];
		}

		if ($this->setAdapter($name, $options))
		{
			return $this->_adapters[$name];
		}

		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Set an adapter by name
	 *
	 * @param   string  $name      Adapter name
	 * @param   object  &$adapter  Adapter object
	 * @param   array   $options   Adapter options
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if successful
	 *
	 * @since   1.6
	 */
	public function setAdapter($name, &$adapter = null, $options =
array())
	{
		if (is_object($adapter))
		{
			$this->_adapters[$name] = &$adapter;

			return true;
		}

		$class = rtrim($this->_classprefix, '\\') . '\\' .
ucfirst($name);

		if (class_exists($class))
		{
			$this->_adapters[$name] = new $class($this, $this->_db, $options);

			return true;
		}

		$class = rtrim($this->_classprefix, '\\') . '\\' .
ucfirst($name) . 'Adapter';

		if (class_exists($class))
		{
			$this->_adapters[$name] = new $class($this, $this->_db, $options);

			return true;
		}

		$fullpath = $this->_basepath . '/' .
$this->_adapterfolder . '/' . strtolower($name) .
'.php';

		if (!file_exists($fullpath))
		{
			return false;
		}

		// Try to load the adapter object
		$class = $this->_classprefix . ucfirst($name);

		JLoader::register($class, $fullpath);

		if (!class_exists($class))
		{
			return false;
		}

		$this->_adapters[$name] = new $class($this, $this->_db, $options);

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Loads all adapters.
	 *
	 * @param   array  $options  Adapter options
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   1.6
	 */
	public function loadAllAdapters($options = array())
	{
		$files = new DirectoryIterator($this->_basepath . '/' .
$this->_adapterfolder);

		/* @type  $file  DirectoryIterator */
		foreach ($files as $file)
		{
			$fileName = $file->getFilename();

			// Only load for php files.
			if (!$file->isFile() || $file->getExtension() != 'php')
			{
				continue;
			}

			// Try to load the adapter object
			require_once $this->_basepath . '/' .
$this->_adapterfolder . '/' . $fileName;

			// Derive the class name from the filename.
			$name = str_ireplace('.php', '',
ucfirst(trim($fileName)));
			$class = $this->_classprefix . ucfirst($name);

			if (!class_exists($class))
			{
				// Skip to next one
				continue;
			}

			$adapter = new $class($this, $this->_db, $options);
			$this->_adapters[$name] = clone $adapter;
		}
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Base
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * Adapter Instance Class
 *
 * @since       1.6
 * @deprecated  5.0 Will be removed without replacement
 */
class JAdapterInstance extends JObject
{
	/**
	 * Parent
	 *
	 * @var    JAdapter
	 * @since  1.6
	 */
	protected $parent = null;

	/**
	 * Database
	 *
	 * @var    JDatabaseDriver
	 * @since  1.6
	 */
	protected $db = null;

	/**
	 * Constructor
	 *
	 * @param   JAdapter         $parent   Parent object
	 * @param   JDatabaseDriver  $db       Database object
	 * @param   array            $options  Configuration Options
	 *
	 * @since   1.6
	 */
	public function __construct(JAdapter $parent, JDatabaseDriver $db, array
$options = array())
	{
		// Set the properties from the options array that is passed in
		$this->setProperties($options);

		// Set the parent and db in case $options for some reason overrides it.
		$this->parent = $parent;

		// Pull in the global dbo in case something happened to it.
		$this->db = $db ?: JFactory::getDbo();
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieves the parent object
	 *
	 * @return  JAdapter
	 *
	 * @since   1.6
	 */
	public function getParent()
	{
		return $this->parent;
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Controller
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

use Joomla\Application\AbstractApplication;

/**
 * Joomla Platform Base Controller Class
 *
 * @since       3.0.0
 * @deprecated  4.0 Use the default MVC library
 */
abstract class JControllerBase implements JController
{
	/**
	 * The application object.
	 *
	 * @var    AbstractApplication
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	protected $app;

	/**
	 * The input object.
	 *
	 * @var    JInput
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	protected $input;

	/**
	 * Instantiate the controller.
	 *
	 * @param   JInput               $input  The input object.
	 * @param   AbstractApplication  $app    The application object.
	 *
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	public function __construct(JInput $input = null, AbstractApplication $app
= null)
	{
		// Setup dependencies.
		$this->app = isset($app) ? $app : $this->loadApplication();
		$this->input = isset($input) ? $input : $this->loadInput();
	}

	/**
	 * Get the application object.
	 *
	 * @return  AbstractApplication  The application object.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getApplication()
	{
		return $this->app;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the input object.
	 *
	 * @return  JInput  The input object.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getInput()
	{
		return $this->input;
	}

	/**
	 * Serialize the controller.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The serialized controller.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function serialize()
	{
		return serialize($this->input);
	}

	/**
	 * Unserialize the controller.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $input  The serialized controller.
	 *
	 * @return  JController  Supports chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  UnexpectedValueException if input is not the right class.
	 */
	public function unserialize($input)
	{
		// Setup dependencies.
		$this->app = $this->loadApplication();

		// Unserialize the input.
		$this->input = unserialize($input);

		if (!($this->input instanceof JInput))
		{
			throw new UnexpectedValueException(sprintf('%s::unserialize would
not accept a `%s`.', get_class($this), gettype($this->input)));
		}

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Load the application object.
	 *
	 * @return  AbstractApplication  The application object.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function loadApplication()
	{
		return JFactory::getApplication();
	}

	/**
	 * Load the input object.
	 *
	 * @return  JInput  The input object.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function loadInput()
	{
		return $this->app->input;
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Controller
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

use Joomla\Application\AbstractApplication;

/**
 * Joomla Platform Controller Interface
 *
 * @since       3.0.0
 * @deprecated  4.0 Use the default MVC library
 */
interface JController extends Serializable
{
	/**
	 * Execute the controller.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if controller finished execution, false if the
controller did not
	 *                   finish execution. A controller might return false if
some precondition for
	 *                   the controller to run has not been satisfied.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  LogicException
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function execute();

	/**
	 * Get the application object.
	 *
	 * @return  AbstractApplication  The application object.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getApplication();

	/**
	 * Get the input object.
	 *
	 * @return  JInput  The input object.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getInput();
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * Database connector class.
 *
 * @since       1.7.0
 * @deprecated  4.0
 */
abstract class JDatabase
{
	/**
	 * Execute the SQL statement.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  A database cursor resource on success, boolean false on
failure.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 * @deprecated  4.0
	 */
	public function query()
	{
		JLog::add('JDatabase::query() is deprecated, use
JDatabaseDriver::execute() instead.', JLog::WARNING,
'deprecated');

		return $this->execute();
	}

	/**
	 * Get a list of available database connectors.  The list will only be
populated with connectors that both
	 * the class exists and the static test method returns true.  This gives
us the ability to have a multitude
	 * of connector classes that are self-aware as to whether or not they are
able to be used on a given system.
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of available database connectors.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @deprecated  4.0
	 */
	public static function getConnectors()
	{
		JLog::add('JDatabase::getConnectors() is deprecated, use
JDatabaseDriver::getConnectors() instead.', JLog::WARNING,
'deprecated');

		return JDatabaseDriver::getConnectors();
	}

	/**
	 * Gets the error message from the database connection.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $escaped  True to escape the message string for use
in JavaScript.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The error message for the most recent query.
	 *
	 * @deprecated  4.0
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	public function getErrorMsg($escaped = false)
	{
		JLog::add('JDatabase::getErrorMsg() is deprecated, use exception
handling instead.', JLog::WARNING, 'deprecated');

		if ($escaped)
		{
			return addslashes($this->errorMsg);
		}
		else
		{
			return $this->errorMsg;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Gets the error number from the database connection.
	 *
	 * @return      integer  The error number for the most recent query.
	 *
	 * @since       1.7.0
	 * @deprecated  4.0
	 */
	public function getErrorNum()
	{
		JLog::add('JDatabase::getErrorNum() is deprecated, use exception
handling instead.', JLog::WARNING, 'deprecated');

		return $this->errorNum;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to return a JDatabaseDriver instance based on the given options.
 There are three global options and then
	 * the rest are specific to the database driver.  The 'driver'
option defines which JDatabaseDriver class is
	 * used for the connection -- the default is 'mysqli'.  The
'database' option determines which database is to
	 * be used for the connection.  The 'select' option determines
whether the connector should automatically select
	 * the chosen database.
	 *
	 * Instances are unique to the given options and new objects are only
created when a unique options array is
	 * passed into the method.  This ensures that we don't end up with
unnecessary database connection resources.
	 *
	 * @param   array  $options  Parameters to be passed to the database
driver.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriver  A database object.
	 *
	 * @since       1.7.0
	 * @deprecated  4.0
	 */
	public static function getInstance($options = array())
	{
		JLog::add('JDatabase::getInstance() is deprecated, use
JDatabaseDriver::getInstance() instead.', JLog::WARNING,
'deprecated');

		return JDatabaseDriver::getInstance($options);
	}

	/**
	 * Splits a string of multiple queries into an array of individual
queries.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $query  Input SQL string with which to split into
individual queries.
	 *
	 * @return  array  The queries from the input string separated into an
array.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @deprecated  4.0
	 */
	public static function splitSql($query)
	{
		JLog::add('JDatabase::splitSql() is deprecated, use
JDatabaseDriver::splitSql() instead.', JLog::WARNING,
'deprecated');

		return JDatabaseDriver::splitSql($query);
	}

	/**
	 * Return the most recent error message for the database connector.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $showSQL  True to display the SQL statement sent to
the database as well as the error.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The error message for the most recent query.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @deprecated  4.0
	 */
	public function stderr($showSQL = false)
	{
		JLog::add('JDatabase::stderr() is deprecated.', JLog::WARNING,
'deprecated');

		if ($this->errorNum != 0)
		{
			return JText::sprintf('JLIB_DATABASE_ERROR_FUNCTION_FAILED',
$this->errorNum, $this->errorMsg)
			. ($showSQL ? "<br />SQL =
<pre>$this->sql</pre>" : '');
		}
		else
		{
			return JText::_('JLIB_DATABASE_FUNCTION_NOERROR');
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Test to see if the connector is available.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success, false otherwise.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @deprecated  4.0 - Use JDatabaseDriver::isSupported() instead.
	 */
	public static function test()
	{
		JLog::add('JDatabase::test() is deprecated. Use
JDatabaseDriver::isSupported() instead.', JLog::WARNING,
'deprecated');

		return static::isSupported();
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * MySQL database driver
 *
 * @link        https://dev.mysql.com/doc/
 * @since       3.0.0
 * @deprecated  4.0  Use MySQLi or PDO MySQL instead
 */
class JDatabaseDriverMysql extends JDatabaseDriverMysqli
{
	/**
	 * The name of the database driver.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	public $name = 'mysql';

	/**
	 * Constructor.
	 *
	 * @param   array  $options  Array of database options with keys: host,
user, password, database, select.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function __construct($options)
	{
		// PHP's `mysql` extension is not present in PHP 7, block
instantiation in this environment
		if (PHP_MAJOR_VERSION >= 7)
		{
			throw new JDatabaseExceptionUnsupported(
				'This driver is unsupported in PHP 7, please use the MySQLi or PDO
MySQL driver instead.'
			);
		}

		// Get some basic values from the options.
		$options['host'] = (isset($options['host'])) ?
$options['host'] : 'localhost';
		$options['user'] = (isset($options['user'])) ?
$options['user'] : '';
		$options['password'] = (isset($options['password']))
? $options['password'] : '';
		$options['database'] = (isset($options['database']))
? $options['database'] : '';
		$options['select'] = (isset($options['select'])) ?
(bool) $options['select'] : true;

		// Finalize initialisation.
		parent::__construct($options);
	}

	/**
	 * Connects to the database if needed.
	 *
	 * @return  void  Returns void if the database connected successfully.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function connect()
	{
		if ($this->connection)
		{
			return;
		}

		// Make sure the MySQL extension for PHP is installed and enabled.
		if (!self::isSupported())
		{
			throw new JDatabaseExceptionUnsupported('Make sure the MySQL
extension for PHP is installed and enabled.');
		}

		// Attempt to connect to the server.
		if (!($this->connection = @
mysql_connect($this->options['host'],
$this->options['user'],
$this->options['password'], true)))
		{
			throw new JDatabaseExceptionConnecting('Could not connect to MySQL
server.');
		}

		// Set sql_mode to non_strict mode
		mysql_query("SET @@SESSION.sql_mode = '';",
$this->connection);

		// If auto-select is enabled select the given database.
		if ($this->options['select'] &&
!empty($this->options['database']))
		{
			$this->select($this->options['database']);
		}

		// Pre-populate the UTF-8 Multibyte compatibility flag based on server
version
		$this->utf8mb4 = $this->serverClaimsUtf8mb4Support();

		// Set the character set (needed for MySQL 4.1.2+).
		$this->utf = $this->setUtf();

		// Disable query cache and turn profiling ON in debug mode.
		if ($this->debug)
		{
			mysql_query('SET query_cache_type = 0;',
$this->connection);

			if ($this->hasProfiling())
			{
				mysql_query('SET profiling_history_size = 100, profiling =
1;', $this->connection);
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Disconnects the database.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function disconnect()
	{
		// Close the connection.
		if (is_resource($this->connection))
		{
			foreach ($this->disconnectHandlers as $h)
			{
				call_user_func_array($h, array( &$this));
			}

			mysql_close($this->connection);
		}

		$this->connection = null;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to escape a string for usage in an SQL statement.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $text   The string to be escaped.
	 * @param   boolean  $extra  Optional parameter to provide extra escaping.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The escaped string.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function escape($text, $extra = false)
	{
		if (is_int($text))
		{
			return $text;
		}

		if (is_float($text))
		{
			// Force the dot as a decimal point.
			return str_replace(',', '.', $text);
		}

		$this->connect();

		$result = mysql_real_escape_string($text, $this->getConnection());

		if ($extra)
		{
			$result = addcslashes($result, '%_');
		}

		return $result;
	}

	/**
	 * Test to see if the MySQL connector is available.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success, false otherwise.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public static function isSupported()
	{
		return PHP_MAJOR_VERSION < 7 &&
function_exists('mysql_connect');
	}

	/**
	 * Determines if the connection to the server is active.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if connected to the database engine.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function connected()
	{
		if (is_resource($this->connection))
		{
			return @mysql_ping($this->connection);
		}

		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the number of affected rows by the last INSERT, UPDATE, REPLACE or
DELETE for the previous executed SQL statement.
	 *
	 * @return  integer  The number of affected rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getAffectedRows()
	{
		$this->connect();

		return mysql_affected_rows($this->connection);
	}

	/**
	 * Get the number of returned rows for the previous executed SQL
statement.
	 * This command is only valid for statements like SELECT or SHOW that
return an actual result set.
	 * To retrieve the number of rows affected by an INSERT, UPDATE, REPLACE
or DELETE query, use getAffectedRows().
	 *
	 * @param   resource  $cursor  An optional database cursor resource to
extract the row count from.
	 *
	 * @return  integer   The number of returned rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getNumRows($cursor = null)
	{
		$this->connect();

		return mysql_num_rows($cursor ? $cursor : $this->cursor);
	}

	/**
	 * Get the version of the database connector.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The database connector version.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getVersion()
	{
		$this->connect();

		return mysql_get_server_info($this->connection);
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the auto-incremented value from the last INSERT
statement.
	 *
	 * @return  integer  The value of the auto-increment field from the last
inserted row.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function insertid()
	{
		$this->connect();

		return mysql_insert_id($this->connection);
	}

	/**
	 * Execute the SQL statement.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  A database cursor resource on success, boolean false on
failure.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function execute()
	{
		$this->connect();

		// Take a local copy so that we don't modify the original query and
cause issues later
		$query = $this->replacePrefix((string) $this->sql);

		if (!($this->sql instanceof JDatabaseQuery) &&
($this->limit > 0 || $this->offset > 0))
		{
			$query .= ' LIMIT ' . $this->offset . ', ' .
$this->limit;
		}

		if (!is_resource($this->connection))
		{
			JLog::add(JText::sprintf('JLIB_DATABASE_QUERY_FAILED',
$this->errorNum, $this->errorMsg), JLog::ERROR,
'database');
			throw new JDatabaseExceptionExecuting($query, $this->errorMsg,
$this->errorNum);
		}

		// Increment the query counter.
		$this->count++;

		// Reset the error values.
		$this->errorNum = 0;
		$this->errorMsg = '';

		// If debugging is enabled then let's log the query.
		if ($this->debug)
		{
			// Add the query to the object queue.
			$this->log[] = $query;

			JLog::add($query, JLog::DEBUG, 'databasequery');

			$this->timings[] = microtime(true);
		}

		// Execute the query. Error suppression is used here to prevent
warnings/notices that the connection has been lost.
		$this->cursor = @mysql_query($query, $this->connection);

		if ($this->debug)
		{
			$this->timings[] = microtime(true);

			if (defined('DEBUG_BACKTRACE_IGNORE_ARGS'))
			{
				$this->callStacks[] = debug_backtrace(DEBUG_BACKTRACE_IGNORE_ARGS);
			}
			else
			{
				$this->callStacks[] = debug_backtrace();
			}
		}

		// If an error occurred handle it.
		if (!$this->cursor)
		{
			// Get the error number and message before we execute any more queries.
			$this->errorNum = $this->getErrorNumber();
			$this->errorMsg = $this->getErrorMessage();

			// Check if the server was disconnected.
			if (!$this->connected())
			{
				try
				{
					// Attempt to reconnect.
					$this->connection = null;
					$this->connect();
				}
				// If connect fails, ignore that exception and throw the normal
exception.
				catch (RuntimeException $e)
				{
					// Get the error number and message.
					$this->errorNum = $this->getErrorNumber();
					$this->errorMsg = $this->getErrorMessage();

					// Throw the normal query exception.
					JLog::add(JText::sprintf('JLIB_DATABASE_QUERY_FAILED',
$this->errorNum, $this->errorMsg), JLog::ERROR,
'database-error');

					throw new JDatabaseExceptionExecuting($query, $this->errorMsg,
$this->errorNum, $e);
				}

				// Since we were able to reconnect, run the query again.
				return $this->execute();
			}
			// The server was not disconnected.
			else
			{
				// Throw the normal query exception.
				JLog::add(JText::sprintf('JLIB_DATABASE_QUERY_FAILED',
$this->errorNum, $this->errorMsg), JLog::ERROR,
'database-error');

				throw new JDatabaseExceptionExecuting($query, $this->errorMsg,
$this->errorNum);
			}
		}

		return $this->cursor;
	}

	/**
	 * Select a database for use.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $database  The name of the database to select for use.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if the database was successfully selected.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function select($database)
	{
		$this->connect();

		if (!$database)
		{
			return false;
		}

		if (!mysql_select_db($database, $this->connection))
		{
			throw new JDatabaseExceptionConnecting('Could not connect to MySQL
database.');
		}

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Set the connection to use UTF-8 character encoding.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function setUtf()
	{
		// If UTF is not supported return false immediately
		if (!$this->utf)
		{
			return false;
		}

		// Make sure we're connected to the server
		$this->connect();

		// Which charset should I use, plain utf8 or multibyte utf8mb4?
		$charset = $this->utf8mb4 ? 'utf8mb4' : 'utf8';

		$result = @mysql_set_charset($charset, $this->connection);

		/**
		 * If I could not set the utf8mb4 charset then the server doesn't
support utf8mb4 despite claiming otherwise.
		 * This happens on old MySQL server versions (less than 5.5.3) using the
mysqlnd PHP driver. Since mysqlnd
		 * masks the server version and reports only its own we can not be sure
if the server actually does support
		 * UTF-8 Multibyte (i.e. it's MySQL 5.5.3 or later). Since the
utf8mb4 charset is undefined in this case we
		 * catch the error and determine that utf8mb4 is not supported!
		 */
		if (!$result && $this->utf8mb4)
		{
			$this->utf8mb4 = false;
			$result = @mysql_set_charset('utf8', $this->connection);
		}

		return $result;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to fetch a row from the result set cursor as an array.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $cursor  The optional result set cursor from which to
fetch the row.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  Either the next row from the result set or false if
there are no more rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function fetchArray($cursor = null)
	{
		return mysql_fetch_row($cursor ? $cursor : $this->cursor);
	}

	/**
	 * Method to fetch a row from the result set cursor as an associative
array.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $cursor  The optional result set cursor from which to
fetch the row.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  Either the next row from the result set or false if
there are no more rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function fetchAssoc($cursor = null)
	{
		return mysql_fetch_assoc($cursor ? $cursor : $this->cursor);
	}

	/**
	 * Method to fetch a row from the result set cursor as an object.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed   $cursor  The optional result set cursor from which to
fetch the row.
	 * @param   string  $class   The class name to use for the returned row
object.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed   Either the next row from the result set or false if
there are no more rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function fetchObject($cursor = null, $class =
'stdClass')
	{
		return mysql_fetch_object($cursor ? $cursor : $this->cursor, $class);
	}

	/**
	 * Method to free up the memory used for the result set.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $cursor  The optional result set cursor from which to
fetch the row.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function freeResult($cursor = null)
	{
		mysql_free_result($cursor ? $cursor : $this->cursor);
	}

	/**
	 * Internal function to check if profiling is available
	 *
	 * @return  boolean
	 *
	 * @since   3.1.3
	 */
	private function hasProfiling()
	{
		try
		{
			$res = mysql_query("SHOW VARIABLES LIKE
'have_profiling'", $this->connection);
			$row = mysql_fetch_assoc($res);

			return isset($row);
		}
		catch (Exception $e)
		{
			return false;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Does the database server claim to have support for UTF-8 Multibyte
(utf8mb4) collation?
	 *
	 * libmysql supports utf8mb4 since 5.5.3 (same version as the MySQL
server). mysqlnd supports utf8mb4 since 5.0.9.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean
	 *
	 * @since   CMS 3.5.0
	 */
	private function serverClaimsUtf8mb4Support()
	{
		$client_version = mysql_get_client_info();
		$server_version = $this->getVersion();

		if (version_compare($server_version, '5.5.3',
'<'))
		{
			return false;
		}
		else
		{
			if (strpos($client_version, 'mysqlnd') !== false)
			{
				$client_version = preg_replace('/^\D+([\d.]+).*/',
'$1', $client_version);

				return version_compare($client_version, '5.0.9',
'>=');
			}
			else
			{
				return version_compare($client_version, '5.5.3',
'>=');
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Return the actual SQL Error number
	 *
	 * @return  integer  The SQL Error number
	 *
	 * @since   3.4.6
	 */
	protected function getErrorNumber()
	{
		return (int) mysql_errno($this->connection);
	}

	/**
	 * Return the actual SQL Error message
	 *
	 * @return  string  The SQL Error message
	 *
	 * @since   3.4.6
	 */
	protected function getErrorMessage()
	{
		$errorMessage = (string) mysql_error($this->connection);

		// Replace the Databaseprefix with `#__` if we are not in Debug
		if (!$this->debug)
		{
			$errorMessage = str_replace($this->tablePrefix, '#__',
$errorMessage);
		}

		return $errorMessage;
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * MySQLi database driver
 *
 * @link   https://www.php.net/manual/en/book.mysqli.php
 * @since  3.0.0
 */
class JDatabaseDriverMysqli extends JDatabaseDriver
{
	/**
	 * The name of the database driver.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	public $name = 'mysqli';

	/**
	 * The type of the database server family supported by this driver.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  CMS 3.5.0
	 */
	public $serverType = 'mysql';

	/**
	 * @var    mysqli  The database connection resource.
	 * @since  1.7.0
	 */
	protected $connection;

	/**
	 * The character(s) used to quote SQL statement names such as table names
or field names,
	 * etc. The child classes should define this as necessary.  If a single
character string the
	 * same character is used for both sides of the quoted name, else the
first character will be
	 * used for the opening quote and the second for the closing quote.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.0.1
	 */
	protected $nameQuote = '`';

	/**
	 * The null or zero representation of a timestamp for the database driver.
 This should be
	 * defined in child classes to hold the appropriate value for the engine.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.0.1
	 */
	protected $nullDate = '0000-00-00 00:00:00';

	/**
	 * @var    string  The minimum supported database version.
	 * @since  3.0.1
	 */
	protected static $dbMinimum = '5.0.4';

	/**
	 * Constructor.
	 *
	 * @param   array  $options  List of options used to configure the
connection
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function __construct($options)
	{
		// Get some basic values from the options.
		$options['host']     = (isset($options['host'])) ?
$options['host'] : 'localhost';
		$options['user']     = (isset($options['user'])) ?
$options['user'] : '';
		$options['password'] = (isset($options['password']))
? $options['password'] : '';
		$options['database'] = (isset($options['database']))
? $options['database'] : '';
		$options['select']   = (isset($options['select'])) ?
(bool) $options['select'] : true;
		$options['port']     = (isset($options['port'])) ?
(int) $options['port'] : null;
		$options['socket']   = (isset($options['socket'])) ?
$options['socket'] : null;

		// Finalize initialisation.
		parent::__construct($options);
	}

	/**
	 * Connects to the database if needed.
	 *
	 * @return  void  Returns void if the database connected successfully.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function connect()
	{
		if ($this->connection)
		{
			return;
		}

		/*
		 * Unlike mysql_connect(), mysqli_connect() takes the port and socket as
separate arguments. Therefore, we
		 * have to extract them from the host string.
		 */
		$port = isset($this->options['port']) ?
$this->options['port'] : 3306;
		$regex =
'/^(?P<host>((25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\.){3}(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?))(:(?P<port>.+))?$/';

		if (preg_match($regex, $this->options['host'], $matches))
		{
			// It's an IPv4 address with or without port
			$this->options['host'] = $matches['host'];

			if (!empty($matches['port']))
			{
				$port = $matches['port'];
			}
		}
		elseif
(preg_match('/^(?P<host>\[.*\])(:(?P<port>.+))?$/',
$this->options['host'], $matches))
		{
			// We assume square-bracketed IPv6 address with or without port, e.g.
[fe80:102::2%eth1]:3306
			$this->options['host'] = $matches['host'];

			if (!empty($matches['port']))
			{
				$port = $matches['port'];
			}
		}
		elseif
(preg_match('/^(?P<host>(\w+:\/{2,3})?[a-z0-9\.\-]+)(:(?P<port>[^:]+))?$/i',
$this->options['host'], $matches))
		{
			// Named host (e.g example.com or localhost) with or without port
			$this->options['host'] = $matches['host'];

			if (!empty($matches['port']))
			{
				$port = $matches['port'];
			}
		}
		elseif (preg_match('/^:(?P<port>[^:]+)$/',
$this->options['host'], $matches))
		{
			// Empty host, just port, e.g. ':3306'
			$this->options['host'] = 'localhost';
			$port = $matches['port'];
		}
		// ... else we assume normal (naked) IPv6 address, so host and port stay
as they are or default

		// Get the port number or socket name
		if (is_numeric($port))
		{
			$this->options['port'] = (int) $port;
		}
		else
		{
			$this->options['socket'] = $port;
		}

		// Make sure the MySQLi extension for PHP is installed and enabled.
		if (!self::isSupported())
		{
			throw new JDatabaseExceptionUnsupported('The MySQLi extension for
PHP is not installed or enabled.');
		}

		$this->connection = @mysqli_connect(
			$this->options['host'],
$this->options['user'],
$this->options['password'], null,
$this->options['port'], $this->options['socket']
		);

		// Attempt to connect to the server.
		if (!$this->connection)
		{
			throw new JDatabaseExceptionConnecting('Could not connect to MySQL
server.');
		}

		// Set sql_mode to non_strict mode
		mysqli_query($this->connection, "SET @@SESSION.sql_mode =
'';");

		// If auto-select is enabled select the given database.
		if ($this->options['select'] &&
!empty($this->options['database']))
		{
			$this->select($this->options['database']);
		}

		// Pre-populate the UTF-8 Multibyte compatibility flag based on server
version
		$this->utf8mb4 = $this->serverClaimsUtf8mb4Support();

		// Set the character set (needed for MySQL 4.1.2+).
		$this->utf = $this->setUtf();

		// Disable query cache and turn profiling ON in debug mode.
		if ($this->debug)
		{
			mysqli_query($this->connection, 'SET query_cache_type =
0;');

			if ($this->hasProfiling())
			{
				mysqli_query($this->connection, 'SET profiling_history_size =
100, profiling = 1;');
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Disconnects the database.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function disconnect()
	{
		// Close the connection.
		if ($this->connection instanceof mysqli &&
$this->connection->stat() !== false)
		{
			foreach ($this->disconnectHandlers as $h)
			{
				call_user_func_array($h, array( &$this));
			}

			mysqli_close($this->connection);
		}

		$this->connection = null;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to escape a string for usage in an SQL statement.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $text   The string to be escaped.
	 * @param   boolean  $extra  Optional parameter to provide extra escaping.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The escaped string.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function escape($text, $extra = false)
	{
		if (is_int($text))
		{
			return $text;
		}

		if (is_float($text))
		{
			// Force the dot as a decimal point.
			return str_replace(',', '.', $text);
		}

		$this->connect();

		$result = mysqli_real_escape_string($this->getConnection(), $text);

		if ($extra)
		{
			$result = addcslashes($result, '%_');
		}

		return $result;
	}

	/**
	 * Test to see if the MySQL connector is available.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success, false otherwise.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public static function isSupported()
	{
		return function_exists('mysqli_connect');
	}

	/**
	 * Determines if the connection to the server is active.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if connected to the database engine.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function connected()
	{
		if (is_object($this->connection))
		{
			return mysqli_ping($this->connection);
		}

		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Drops a table from the database.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $tableName  The name of the database table to drop.
	 * @param   boolean  $ifExists   Optionally specify that the table must
exist before it is dropped.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriverMysqli  Returns this object to support
chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.1
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function dropTable($tableName, $ifExists = true)
	{
		$this->connect();

		$query = $this->getQuery(true);

		$this->setQuery('DROP TABLE ' . ($ifExists ? 'IF EXISTS
' : '') . $query->quoteName($tableName));

		$this->execute();

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the number of affected rows by the last INSERT, UPDATE, REPLACE or
DELETE for the previous executed SQL statement.
	 *
	 * @return  integer  The number of affected rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getAffectedRows()
	{
		$this->connect();

		return mysqli_affected_rows($this->connection);
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the database collation.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  The collation in use by the database (string) or
boolean false if not supported.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.1
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getCollation()
	{
		$this->connect();

		// Attempt to get the database collation by accessing the server system
variable.
		$this->setQuery('SHOW VARIABLES LIKE
"collation_database"');
		$result = $this->loadObject();

		if (property_exists($result, 'Value'))
		{
			return $result->Value;
		}
		else
		{
			return false;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the database connection collation, as reported by the
driver. If the connector doesn't support
	 * reporting this value please return an empty string.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 */
	public function getConnectionCollation()
	{
		$this->connect();

		// Attempt to get the database collation by accessing the server system
variable.
		$this->setQuery('SHOW VARIABLES LIKE
"collation_connection"');
		$result = $this->loadObject();

		if (property_exists($result, 'Value'))
		{
			return $result->Value;
		}
		else
		{
			return false;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Get the number of returned rows for the previous executed SQL
statement.
	 * This command is only valid for statements like SELECT or SHOW that
return an actual result set.
	 * To retrieve the number of rows affected by an INSERT, UPDATE, REPLACE
or DELETE query, use getAffectedRows().
	 *
	 * @param   resource  $cursor  An optional database cursor resource to
extract the row count from.
	 *
	 * @return  integer   The number of returned rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getNumRows($cursor = null)
	{
		return mysqli_num_rows($cursor ? $cursor : $this->cursor);
	}

	/**
	 * Shows the table CREATE statement that creates the given tables.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $tables  A table name or a list of table names.
	 *
	 * @return  array  A list of the create SQL for the tables.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getTableCreate($tables)
	{
		$this->connect();

		$result = array();

		// Sanitize input to an array and iterate over the list.
		settype($tables, 'array');

		foreach ($tables as $table)
		{
			// Set the query to get the table CREATE statement.
			$this->setQuery('SHOW CREATE table ' .
$this->quoteName($this->escape($table)));
			$row = $this->loadRow();

			// Populate the result array based on the create statements.
			$result[$table] = $row[1];
		}

		return $result;
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieves field information about a given table.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $table     The name of the database table.
	 * @param   boolean  $typeOnly  True to only return field types.
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of fields for the database table.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.1
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getTableColumns($table, $typeOnly = true)
	{
		$this->connect();

		$result = array();

		// Set the query to get the table fields statement.
		$this->setQuery('SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM ' .
$this->quoteName($this->escape($table)));
		$fields = $this->loadObjectList();

		// If we only want the type as the value add just that to the list.
		if ($typeOnly)
		{
			foreach ($fields as $field)
			{
				$result[$field->Field] = preg_replace('/[(0-9)]/',
'', $field->Type);
			}
		}
		// If we want the whole field data object add that to the list.
		else
		{
			foreach ($fields as $field)
			{
				$result[$field->Field] = $field;
			}
		}

		return $result;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the details list of keys for a table.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table  The name of the table.
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of the column specification for the table.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.1
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getTableKeys($table)
	{
		$this->connect();

		// Get the details columns information.
		$this->setQuery('SHOW KEYS FROM ' .
$this->quoteName($table));
		$keys = $this->loadObjectList();

		return $keys;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get an array of all tables in the database.
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of all the tables in the database.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.1
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getTableList()
	{
		$this->connect();

		// Set the query to get the tables statement.
		$this->setQuery('SHOW TABLES');
		$tables = $this->loadColumn();

		return $tables;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the version of the database connector.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The database connector version.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getVersion()
	{
		$this->connect();

		return mysqli_get_server_info($this->connection);
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the auto-incremented value from the last INSERT
statement.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  The value of the auto-increment field from the last
inserted row.
	 *                 If the value is greater than maximal int value, it will
return a string.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function insertid()
	{
		$this->connect();

		return mysqli_insert_id($this->connection);
	}

	/**
	 * Locks a table in the database.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table  The name of the table to unlock.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriverMysqli  Returns this object to support
chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.1
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function lockTable($table)
	{
		$this->setQuery('LOCK TABLES ' . $this->quoteName($table)
. ' WRITE')->execute();

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Execute the SQL statement.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  A database cursor resource on success, boolean false on
failure.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function execute()
	{
		$this->connect();

		// Take a local copy so that we don't modify the original query and
cause issues later
		$query = $this->replacePrefix((string) $this->sql);

		if (!($this->sql instanceof JDatabaseQuery) &&
($this->limit > 0 || $this->offset > 0))
		{
			$query .= ' LIMIT ' . $this->offset . ', ' .
$this->limit;
		}

		if (!is_object($this->connection))
		{
			JLog::add(JText::sprintf('JLIB_DATABASE_QUERY_FAILED',
$this->errorNum, $this->errorMsg), JLog::ERROR,
'database');
			throw new JDatabaseExceptionExecuting($query, $this->errorMsg,
$this->errorNum);
		}

		// Increment the query counter.
		$this->count++;

		// Reset the error values.
		$this->errorNum = 0;
		$this->errorMsg = '';
		$memoryBefore   = null;

		// If debugging is enabled then let's log the query.
		if ($this->debug)
		{
			// Add the query to the object queue.
			$this->log[] = $query;

			JLog::add($query, JLog::DEBUG, 'databasequery');

			$this->timings[] = microtime(true);

			if (is_object($this->cursor))
			{
				// Avoid warning if result already freed by third-party library
				@$this->freeResult();
			}

			$memoryBefore = memory_get_usage();
		}

		// Execute the query. Error suppression is used here to prevent
warnings/notices that the connection has been lost.
		$this->cursor = @mysqli_query($this->connection, $query);

		if ($this->debug)
		{
			$this->timings[] = microtime(true);

			if (defined('DEBUG_BACKTRACE_IGNORE_ARGS'))
			{
				$this->callStacks[] = debug_backtrace(DEBUG_BACKTRACE_IGNORE_ARGS);
			}
			else
			{
				$this->callStacks[] = debug_backtrace();
			}

			$this->callStacks[count($this->callStacks) -
1][0]['memory'] = array(
				$memoryBefore,
				memory_get_usage(),
				is_object($this->cursor) ? $this->getNumRows() : null,
			);
		}

		// If an error occurred handle it.
		if (!$this->cursor)
		{
			// Get the error number and message before we execute any more queries.
			$this->errorNum = $this->getErrorNumber();
			$this->errorMsg = $this->getErrorMessage();

			// Check if the server was disconnected.
			if (!$this->connected())
			{
				try
				{
					// Attempt to reconnect.
					$this->connection = null;
					$this->connect();
				}
				// If connect fails, ignore that exception and throw the normal
exception.
				catch (RuntimeException $e)
				{
					// Get the error number and message.
					$this->errorNum = $this->getErrorNumber();
					$this->errorMsg = $this->getErrorMessage();

					JLog::add(JText::sprintf('JLIB_DATABASE_QUERY_FAILED',
$this->errorNum, $this->errorMsg), JLog::ERROR,
'database-error');

					throw new JDatabaseExceptionExecuting($query, $this->errorMsg,
$this->errorNum, $e);
				}

				// Since we were able to reconnect, run the query again.
				return $this->execute();
			}
			// The server was not disconnected.
			else
			{
				JLog::add(JText::sprintf('JLIB_DATABASE_QUERY_FAILED',
$this->errorNum, $this->errorMsg), JLog::ERROR,
'database-error');

				throw new JDatabaseExceptionExecuting($query, $this->errorMsg,
$this->errorNum);
			}
		}

		return $this->cursor;
	}

	/**
	 * Renames a table in the database.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $oldTable  The name of the table to be renamed
	 * @param   string  $newTable  The new name for the table.
	 * @param   string  $backup    Not used by MySQL.
	 * @param   string  $prefix    Not used by MySQL.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriverMysqli  Returns this object to support
chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.1
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function renameTable($oldTable, $newTable, $backup = null, $prefix
= null)
	{
		$this->setQuery('RENAME TABLE ' . $oldTable . ' TO
' . $newTable)->execute();

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Select a database for use.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $database  The name of the database to select for use.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if the database was successfully selected.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function select($database)
	{
		$this->connect();

		if (!$database)
		{
			return false;
		}

		if (!mysqli_select_db($this->connection, $database))
		{
			throw new JDatabaseExceptionConnecting('Could not connect to MySQL
database.');
		}

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Set the connection to use UTF-8 character encoding.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function setUtf()
	{
		// If UTF is not supported return false immediately
		if (!$this->utf)
		{
			return false;
		}

		// Make sure we're connected to the server
		$this->connect();

		// Which charset should I use, plain utf8 or multibyte utf8mb4?
		$charset = $this->utf8mb4 ? 'utf8mb4' : 'utf8';

		$result = @$this->connection->set_charset($charset);

		/**
		 * If I could not set the utf8mb4 charset then the server doesn't
support utf8mb4 despite claiming otherwise.
		 * This happens on old MySQL server versions (less than 5.5.3) using the
mysqlnd PHP driver. Since mysqlnd
		 * masks the server version and reports only its own we can not be sure
if the server actually does support
		 * UTF-8 Multibyte (i.e. it's MySQL 5.5.3 or later). Since the
utf8mb4 charset is undefined in this case we
		 * catch the error and determine that utf8mb4 is not supported!
		 */
		if (!$result && $this->utf8mb4)
		{
			$this->utf8mb4 = false;
			$result = @$this->connection->set_charset('utf8');
		}

		return $result;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to commit a transaction.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $toSavepoint  If true, commit to the last savepoint.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.1
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function transactionCommit($toSavepoint = false)
	{
		$this->connect();

		if (!$toSavepoint || $this->transactionDepth <= 1)
		{
			if ($this->setQuery('COMMIT')->execute())
			{
				$this->transactionDepth = 0;
			}

			return;
		}

		$this->transactionDepth--;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to roll back a transaction.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $toSavepoint  If true, rollback to the last
savepoint.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.1
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function transactionRollback($toSavepoint = false)
	{
		$this->connect();

		if (!$toSavepoint || $this->transactionDepth <= 1)
		{
			if ($this->setQuery('ROLLBACK')->execute())
			{
				$this->transactionDepth = 0;
			}

			return;
		}

		$savepoint = 'SP_' . ($this->transactionDepth - 1);
		$this->setQuery('ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT ' .
$this->quoteName($savepoint));

		if ($this->execute())
		{
			$this->transactionDepth--;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Method to initialize a transaction.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $asSavepoint  If true and a transaction is already
active, a savepoint will be created.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.1
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function transactionStart($asSavepoint = false)
	{
		$this->connect();

		if (!$asSavepoint || !$this->transactionDepth)
		{
			if ($this->setQuery('START TRANSACTION')->execute())
			{
				$this->transactionDepth = 1;
			}

			return;
		}

		$savepoint = 'SP_' . $this->transactionDepth;
		$this->setQuery('SAVEPOINT ' .
$this->quoteName($savepoint));

		if ($this->execute())
		{
			$this->transactionDepth++;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Method to fetch a row from the result set cursor as an array.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $cursor  The optional result set cursor from which to
fetch the row.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  Either the next row from the result set or false if
there are no more rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function fetchArray($cursor = null)
	{
		return mysqli_fetch_row($cursor ? $cursor : $this->cursor);
	}

	/**
	 * Method to fetch a row from the result set cursor as an associative
array.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $cursor  The optional result set cursor from which to
fetch the row.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  Either the next row from the result set or false if
there are no more rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function fetchAssoc($cursor = null)
	{
		return mysqli_fetch_assoc($cursor ? $cursor : $this->cursor);
	}

	/**
	 * Method to fetch a row from the result set cursor as an object.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed   $cursor  The optional result set cursor from which to
fetch the row.
	 * @param   string  $class   The class name to use for the returned row
object.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed   Either the next row from the result set or false if
there are no more rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function fetchObject($cursor = null, $class =
'stdClass')
	{
		return mysqli_fetch_object($cursor ? $cursor : $this->cursor, $class);
	}

	/**
	 * Method to free up the memory used for the result set.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $cursor  The optional result set cursor from which to
fetch the row.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function freeResult($cursor = null)
	{
		mysqli_free_result($cursor ? $cursor : $this->cursor);

		if ((! $cursor) || ($cursor === $this->cursor))
		{
			$this->cursor = null;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Unlocks tables in the database.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriverMysqli  Returns this object to support
chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function unlockTables()
	{
		$this->setQuery('UNLOCK TABLES')->execute();

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Internal function to check if profiling is available
	 *
	 * @return  boolean
	 *
	 * @since   3.1.3
	 */
	private function hasProfiling()
	{
		try
		{
			$res = mysqli_query($this->connection, "SHOW VARIABLES LIKE
'have_profiling'");
			$row = mysqli_fetch_assoc($res);

			return isset($row);
		}
		catch (Exception $e)
		{
			return false;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Does the database server claim to have support for UTF-8 Multibyte
(utf8mb4) collation?
	 *
	 * libmysql supports utf8mb4 since 5.5.3 (same version as the MySQL
server). mysqlnd supports utf8mb4 since 5.0.9.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean
	 *
	 * @since   CMS 3.5.0
	 */
	private function serverClaimsUtf8mb4Support()
	{
		$client_version = mysqli_get_client_info();
		$server_version = $this->getVersion();

		if (version_compare($server_version, '5.5.3',
'<'))
		{
			return false;
		}
		else
		{
			if (strpos($client_version, 'mysqlnd') !== false)
			{
				$client_version = preg_replace('/^\D+([\d.]+).*/',
'$1', $client_version);

				return version_compare($client_version, '5.0.9',
'>=');
			}
			else
			{
				return version_compare($client_version, '5.5.3',
'>=');
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Return the actual SQL Error number
	 *
	 * @return  integer  The SQL Error number
	 *
	 * @since   3.4.6
	 */
	protected function getErrorNumber()
	{
		return (int) mysqli_errno($this->connection);
	}

	/**
	 * Return the actual SQL Error message
	 *
	 * @return  string  The SQL Error message
	 *
	 * @since   3.4.6
	 */
	protected function getErrorMessage()
	{
		$errorMessage = (string) mysqli_error($this->connection);

		// Replace the Databaseprefix with `#__` if we are not in Debug
		if (!$this->debug)
		{
			$errorMessage = str_replace($this->tablePrefix, '#__',
$errorMessage);
		}

		return $errorMessage;
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * Oracle database driver
 *
 * @link   https://www.php.net/pdo
 * @since  3.0.0
 */
class JDatabaseDriverOracle extends JDatabaseDriverPdo
{
	/**
	 * The name of the database driver.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	public $name = 'oracle';

	/**
	 * The type of the database server family supported by this driver.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  CMS 3.5.0
	 */
	public $serverType = 'oracle';

	/**
	 * The character(s) used to quote SQL statement names such as table names
or field names,
	 * etc.  The child classes should define this as necessary.  If a single
character string the
	 * same character is used for both sides of the quoted name, else the
first character will be
	 * used for the opening quote and the second for the closing quote.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	protected $nameQuote = '"';

	/**
	 * Returns the current dateformat
	 *
	 * @var   string
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 */
	protected $dateformat;

	/**
	 * Returns the current character set
	 *
	 * @var   string
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 */
	protected $charset;

	/**
	 * Constructor.
	 *
	 * @param   array  $options  List of options used to configure the
connection
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function __construct($options)
	{
		$options['driver'] = 'oci';
		$options['charset']    = (isset($options['charset']))
? $options['charset']   : 'AL32UTF8';
		$options['dateformat'] =
(isset($options['dateformat'])) ?
$options['dateformat'] : 'RRRR-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS';

		$this->charset = $options['charset'];
		$this->dateformat = $options['dateformat'];

		// Finalize initialisation
		parent::__construct($options);
	}

	/**
	 * Connects to the database if needed.
	 *
	 * @return  void  Returns void if the database connected successfully.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function connect()
	{
		if ($this->connection)
		{
			return;
		}

		parent::connect();

		if (isset($this->options['schema']))
		{
			$this->setQuery('ALTER SESSION SET CURRENT_SCHEMA = ' .
$this->quoteName($this->options['schema']))->execute();
		}

		$this->setDateFormat($this->dateformat);
	}

	/**
	 * Disconnects the database.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function disconnect()
	{
		// Close the connection.
		$this->freeResult();

		$this->connection = null;
	}

	/**
	 * Drops a table from the database.
	 *
	 * Note: The IF EXISTS flag is unused in the Oracle driver.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $tableName  The name of the database table to drop.
	 * @param   boolean  $ifExists   Optionally specify that the table must
exist before it is dropped.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriverOracle  Returns this object to support
chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function dropTable($tableName, $ifExists = true)
	{
		$this->connect();

		$query = $this->getQuery(true)
			->setQuery('DROP TABLE :tableName');
		$query->bind(':tableName', $tableName);

		$this->setQuery($query);

		$this->execute();

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the database collation in use by sampling a text field of
a table in the database.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  The collation in use by the database or boolean false
if not supported.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getCollation()
	{
		return $this->charset;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the database connection collation, as reported by the
driver. If the connector doesn't support
	 * reporting this value please return an empty string.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 */
	public function getConnectionCollation()
	{
		return $this->charset;
	}

	/**
	 * Get a query to run and verify the database is operational.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The query to check the health of the DB.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.1
	 */
	public function getConnectedQuery()
	{
		return 'SELECT 1 FROM dual';
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the current date format
	 * This method should be useful in the case that
	 * somebody actually wants to use a different
	 * date format and needs to check what the current
	 * one is to see if it needs to be changed.
	 *
	 * @return string The current date format
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 */
	public function getDateFormat()
	{
		return $this->dateformat;
	}

	/**
	 * Shows the table CREATE statement that creates the given tables.
	 *
	 * Note: You must have the correct privileges before this method
	 * will return usable results!
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $tables  A table name or a list of table names.
	 *
	 * @return  array  A list of the create SQL for the tables.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getTableCreate($tables)
	{
		$this->connect();

		$result = array();
		$query = $this->getQuery(true)
			->select('dbms_metadata.get_ddl(:type, :tableName)')
			->from('dual')
			->bind(':type', 'TABLE');

		// Sanitize input to an array and iterate over the list.
		settype($tables, 'array');

		foreach ($tables as $table)
		{
			$query->bind(':tableName', $table);
			$this->setQuery($query);
			$statement = (string) $this->loadResult();
			$result[$table] = $statement;
		}

		return $result;
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieves field information about a given table.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $table     The name of the database table.
	 * @param   boolean  $typeOnly  True to only return field types.
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of fields for the database table.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getTableColumns($table, $typeOnly = true)
	{
		$this->connect();

		$columns = array();
		$query = $this->getQuery(true);

		$fieldCasing = $this->getOption(PDO::ATTR_CASE);

		$this->setOption(PDO::ATTR_CASE, PDO::CASE_UPPER);

		$table = strtoupper($table);

		$query->select('*');
		$query->from('ALL_TAB_COLUMNS');
		$query->where('table_name = :tableName');

		$prefixedTable = str_replace('#__',
strtoupper($this->tablePrefix), $table);
		$query->bind(':tableName', $prefixedTable);
		$this->setQuery($query);
		$fields = $this->loadObjectList();

		if ($typeOnly)
		{
			foreach ($fields as $field)
			{
				$columns[$field->COLUMN_NAME] = $field->DATA_TYPE;
			}
		}
		else
		{
			foreach ($fields as $field)
			{
				$columns[$field->COLUMN_NAME] = $field;
				$columns[$field->COLUMN_NAME]->Default = null;
			}
		}

		$this->setOption(PDO::ATTR_CASE, $fieldCasing);

		return $columns;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the details list of keys for a table.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table  The name of the table.
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of the column specification for the table.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getTableKeys($table)
	{
		$this->connect();

		$query = $this->getQuery(true);

		$fieldCasing = $this->getOption(PDO::ATTR_CASE);

		$this->setOption(PDO::ATTR_CASE, PDO::CASE_UPPER);

		$table = strtoupper($table);
		$query->select('*')
			->from('ALL_CONSTRAINTS')
			->where('table_name = :tableName')
			->bind(':tableName', $table);

		$this->setQuery($query);
		$keys = $this->loadObjectList();

		$this->setOption(PDO::ATTR_CASE, $fieldCasing);

		return $keys;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get an array of all tables in the database (schema).
	 *
	 * @param   string   $databaseName         The database (schema) name
	 * @param   boolean  $includeDatabaseName  Whether to include the schema
name in the results
	 *
	 * @return  array    An array of all the tables in the database.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getTableList($databaseName = null, $includeDatabaseName =
false)
	{
		$this->connect();

		$query = $this->getQuery(true);

		if ($includeDatabaseName)
		{
			$query->select('owner, table_name');
		}
		else
		{
			$query->select('table_name');
		}

		$query->from('all_tables');

		if ($databaseName)
		{
			$query->where('owner = :database')
				->bind(':database', $databaseName);
		}

		$query->order('table_name');

		$this->setQuery($query);

		if ($includeDatabaseName)
		{
			$tables = $this->loadAssocList();
		}
		else
		{
			$tables = $this->loadColumn();
		}

		return $tables;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the version of the database connector.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The database connector version.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getVersion()
	{
		$this->connect();

		$this->setQuery("select value from nls_database_parameters where
parameter = 'NLS_RDBMS_VERSION'");

		return $this->loadResult();
	}

	/**
	 * Select a database for use.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $database  The name of the database to select for use.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if the database was successfully selected.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function select($database)
	{
		$this->connect();

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Sets the Oracle Date Format for the session
	 * Default date format for Oracle is = DD-MON-RR
	 * The default date format for this driver is:
	 * 'RRRR-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS' since it is the format
	 * that matches the MySQL one used within most Joomla
	 * tables.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $dateFormat  Oracle Date Format String
	 *
	 * @return boolean
	 *
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	public function setDateFormat($dateFormat = 'DD-MON-RR')
	{
		$this->connect();

		$this->setQuery("ALTER SESSION SET NLS_DATE_FORMAT =
'$dateFormat'");

		if (!$this->execute())
		{
			return false;
		}

		$this->setQuery("ALTER SESSION SET NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT =
'$dateFormat'");

		if (!$this->execute())
		{
			return false;
		}

		$this->dateformat = $dateFormat;

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Set the connection to use UTF-8 character encoding.
	 *
	 * Returns false automatically for the Oracle driver since
	 * you can only set the character set when the connection
	 * is created.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function setUtf()
	{
		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Locks a table in the database.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table  The name of the table to unlock.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriverOracle  Returns this object to support
chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function lockTable($table)
	{
		$this->setQuery('LOCK TABLE ' . $this->quoteName($table)
. ' IN EXCLUSIVE MODE')->execute();

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Renames a table in the database.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $oldTable  The name of the table to be renamed
	 * @param   string  $newTable  The new name for the table.
	 * @param   string  $backup    Not used by Oracle.
	 * @param   string  $prefix    Not used by Oracle.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriverOracle  Returns this object to support
chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function renameTable($oldTable, $newTable, $backup = null, $prefix
= null)
	{
		$this->setQuery('RENAME ' . $oldTable . ' TO ' .
$newTable)->execute();

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Unlocks tables in the database.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriverOracle  Returns this object to support
chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function unlockTables()
	{
		$this->setQuery('COMMIT')->execute();

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Test to see if the PDO ODBC connector is available.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success, false otherwise.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public static function isSupported()
	{
		return class_exists('PDO') && in_array('oci',
PDO::getAvailableDrivers());
	}

	/**
	 * This function replaces a string identifier
<var>$prefix</var> with the string held is the
	 * <var>tablePrefix</var> class variable.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $query   The SQL statement to prepare.
	 * @param   string  $prefix  The common table prefix.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The processed SQL statement.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	public function replacePrefix($query, $prefix = '#__')
	{
		$startPos = 0;
		$quoteChar = "'";
		$literal = '';

		$query = trim($query);
		$n = strlen($query);

		while ($startPos < $n)
		{
			$ip = strpos($query, $prefix, $startPos);

			if ($ip === false)
			{
				break;
			}

			$j = strpos($query, "'", $startPos);

			if ($j === false)
			{
				$j = $n;
			}

			$literal .= str_replace($prefix, $this->tablePrefix, substr($query,
$startPos, $j - $startPos));
			$startPos = $j;

			$j = $startPos + 1;

			if ($j >= $n)
			{
				break;
			}

			// Quote comes first, find end of quote
			while (true)
			{
				$k = strpos($query, $quoteChar, $j);
				$escaped = false;

				if ($k === false)
				{
					break;
				}

				$l = $k - 1;

				while ($l >= 0 && $query[$l] == '\\')
				{
					$l--;
					$escaped = !$escaped;
				}

				if ($escaped)
				{
					$j = $k + 1;
					continue;
				}

				break;
			}

			if ($k === false)
			{
				// Error in the query - no end quote; ignore it
				break;
			}

			$literal .= substr($query, $startPos, $k - $startPos + 1);
			$startPos = $k + 1;
		}

		if ($startPos < $n)
		{
			$literal .= substr($query, $startPos, $n - $startPos);
		}

		return $literal;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to commit a transaction.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $toSavepoint  If true, commit to the last savepoint.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.1.4
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function transactionCommit($toSavepoint = false)
	{
		$this->connect();

		if (!$toSavepoint || $this->transactionDepth <= 1)
		{
			parent::transactionCommit($toSavepoint);
		}
		else
		{
			$this->transactionDepth--;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Method to roll back a transaction.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $toSavepoint  If true, rollback to the last
savepoint.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.1.4
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function transactionRollback($toSavepoint = false)
	{
		$this->connect();

		if (!$toSavepoint || $this->transactionDepth <= 1)
		{
			parent::transactionRollback($toSavepoint);
		}
		else
		{
			$savepoint = 'SP_' . ($this->transactionDepth - 1);
			$this->setQuery('ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT ' .
$this->quoteName($savepoint));

			if ($this->execute())
			{
				$this->transactionDepth--;
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Method to initialize a transaction.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $asSavepoint  If true and a transaction is already
active, a savepoint will be created.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.1.4
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function transactionStart($asSavepoint = false)
	{
		$this->connect();

		if (!$asSavepoint || !$this->transactionDepth)
		{
			return parent::transactionStart($asSavepoint);
		}

		$savepoint = 'SP_' . $this->transactionDepth;
		$this->setQuery('SAVEPOINT ' .
$this->quoteName($savepoint));

		if ($this->execute())
		{
			$this->transactionDepth++;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Get the query strings to alter the character set and collation of a
table.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $tableName  The name of the table
	 *
	 * @return  string[]  The queries required to alter the table's
character set and collation
	 *
	 * @since   CMS 3.5.0
	 */
	public function getAlterTableCharacterSet($tableName)
	{
		return array();
	}

	/**
	 * Return the query string to create new Database.
	 * Each database driver, other than MySQL, need to override this member to
return correct string.
	 *
	 * @param   stdClass  $options  Object used to pass user and database name
to database driver.
	 *                   This object must have "db_name" and
"db_user" set.
	 * @param   boolean   $utf      True if the database supports the UTF-8
character set.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The query that creates database
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.1
	 */
	protected function getCreateDatabaseQuery($options, $utf)
	{
		return 'CREATE DATABASE ' .
$this->quoteName($options->db_name);
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * Joomla Platform PDO Database Driver Class
 *
 * @link   https://www.php.net/pdo
 * @since  3.0.0
 */
abstract class JDatabaseDriverPdo extends JDatabaseDriver
{
	/**
	 * The name of the database driver.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	public $name = 'pdo';

	/**
	 * @var    PDO  The database connection resource.
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	protected $connection;

	/**
	 * The character(s) used to quote SQL statement names such as table names
or field names,
	 * etc.  The child classes should define this as necessary.  If a single
character string the
	 * same character is used for both sides of the quoted name, else the
first character will be
	 * used for the opening quote and the second for the closing quote.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	protected $nameQuote = "'";

	/**
	 * The null or zero representation of a timestamp for the database driver.
 This should be
	 * defined in child classes to hold the appropriate value for the engine.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	protected $nullDate = '0000-00-00 00:00:00';

	/**
	 * @var    resource  The prepared statement.
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	protected $prepared;

	/**
	 * Contains the current query execution status
	 *
	 * @var array
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 */
	protected $executed = false;

	/**
	 * Constructor.
	 *
	 * @param   array  $options  List of options used to configure the
connection
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function __construct($options)
	{
		// Get some basic values from the options.
		$options['driver'] = (isset($options['driver'])) ?
$options['driver'] : 'odbc';
		$options['dsn'] = (isset($options['dsn'])) ?
$options['dsn'] : '';
		$options['host'] = (isset($options['host'])) ?
$options['host'] : 'localhost';
		$options['database'] = (isset($options['database']))
? $options['database'] : '';
		$options['user'] = (isset($options['user'])) ?
$options['user'] : '';
		$options['password'] = (isset($options['password']))
? $options['password'] : '';
		$options['driverOptions'] =
(isset($options['driverOptions'])) ?
$options['driverOptions'] : array();

		$hostParts = explode(':', $options['host']);

		if (!empty($hostParts[1]))
		{
			$options['host'] = $hostParts[0];
			$options['port'] = $hostParts[1];
		}

		// Finalize initialisation
		parent::__construct($options);
	}

	/**
	 * Connects to the database if needed.
	 *
	 * @return  void  Returns void if the database connected successfully.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function connect()
	{
		if ($this->connection)
		{
			return;
		}

		// Make sure the PDO extension for PHP is installed and enabled.
		if (!self::isSupported())
		{
			throw new JDatabaseExceptionUnsupported('PDO Extension is not
available.', 1);
		}

		$replace = array();
		$with = array();

		// Find the correct PDO DSN Format to use:
		switch ($this->options['driver'])
		{
			case 'cubrid':
				$this->options['port'] =
(isset($this->options['port'])) ?
$this->options['port'] : 33000;

				$format = 'cubrid:host=#HOST#;port=#PORT#;dbname=#DBNAME#';

				$replace = array('#HOST#', '#PORT#',
'#DBNAME#');
				$with = array($this->options['host'],
$this->options['port'],
$this->options['database']);

				break;

			case 'dblib':
				$this->options['port'] =
(isset($this->options['port'])) ?
$this->options['port'] : 1433;

				$format = 'dblib:host=#HOST#;port=#PORT#;dbname=#DBNAME#';

				$replace = array('#HOST#', '#PORT#',
'#DBNAME#');
				$with = array($this->options['host'],
$this->options['port'],
$this->options['database']);

				break;

			case 'firebird':
				$this->options['port'] =
(isset($this->options['port'])) ?
$this->options['port'] : 3050;

				$format = 'firebird:dbname=#DBNAME#';

				$replace = array('#DBNAME#');
				$with = array($this->options['database']);

				break;

			case 'ibm':
				$this->options['port'] =
(isset($this->options['port'])) ?
$this->options['port'] : 56789;

				if (!empty($this->options['dsn']))
				{
					$format = 'ibm:DSN=#DSN#';

					$replace = array('#DSN#');
					$with = array($this->options['dsn']);
				}
				else
				{
					$format =
'ibm:hostname=#HOST#;port=#PORT#;database=#DBNAME#';

					$replace = array('#HOST#', '#PORT#',
'#DBNAME#');
					$with = array($this->options['host'],
$this->options['port'],
$this->options['database']);
				}

				break;

			case 'informix':
				$this->options['port'] =
(isset($this->options['port'])) ?
$this->options['port'] : 1526;
				$this->options['protocol'] =
(isset($this->options['protocol'])) ?
$this->options['protocol'] : 'onsoctcp';

				if (!empty($this->options['dsn']))
				{
					$format = 'informix:DSN=#DSN#';

					$replace = array('#DSN#');
					$with = array($this->options['dsn']);
				}
				else
				{
					$format =
'informix:host=#HOST#;service=#PORT#;database=#DBNAME#;server=#SERVER#;protocol=#PROTOCOL#';

					$replace = array('#HOST#', '#PORT#',
'#DBNAME#', '#SERVER#', '#PROTOCOL#');
					$with = array($this->options['host'],
$this->options['port'],
$this->options['database'],
$this->options['server'],
$this->options['protocol']);
				}

				break;

			case 'mssql':
				$this->options['port'] =
(isset($this->options['port'])) ?
$this->options['port'] : 1433;

				$format = 'mssql:host=#HOST#;port=#PORT#;dbname=#DBNAME#';

				$replace = array('#HOST#', '#PORT#',
'#DBNAME#');
				$with = array($this->options['host'],
$this->options['port'],
$this->options['database']);

				break;

			// The pdomysql case is a special case within the CMS environment
			case 'pdomysql':
			case 'mysql':
				$this->options['port'] =
(isset($this->options['port'])) ?
$this->options['port'] : 3306;

				$format =
'mysql:host=#HOST#;port=#PORT#;dbname=#DBNAME#;charset=#CHARSET#';

				$replace = array('#HOST#', '#PORT#',
'#DBNAME#', '#CHARSET#');
				$with = array($this->options['host'],
$this->options['port'],
$this->options['database'],
$this->options['charset']);

				break;

			case 'oci':
				$this->options['port'] =
(isset($this->options['port'])) ?
$this->options['port'] : 1521;
				$this->options['charset'] =
(isset($this->options['charset'])) ?
$this->options['charset'] : 'AL32UTF8';

				if (!empty($this->options['dsn']))
				{
					$format = 'oci:dbname=#DSN#';

					$replace = array('#DSN#');
					$with = array($this->options['dsn']);
				}
				else
				{
					$format = 'oci:dbname=//#HOST#:#PORT#/#DBNAME#';

					$replace = array('#HOST#', '#PORT#',
'#DBNAME#');
					$with = array($this->options['host'],
$this->options['port'],
$this->options['database']);
				}

				$format .= ';charset=' .
$this->options['charset'];

				break;

			case 'odbc':
				$format = 'odbc:DSN=#DSN#;UID:#USER#;PWD=#PASSWORD#';

				$replace = array('#DSN#', '#USER#',
'#PASSWORD#');
				$with = array($this->options['dsn'],
$this->options['user'],
$this->options['password']);

				break;

			case 'pgsql':
				$this->options['port'] =
(isset($this->options['port'])) ?
$this->options['port'] : 5432;

				$format = 'pgsql:host=#HOST#;port=#PORT#;dbname=#DBNAME#';

				$replace = array('#HOST#', '#PORT#',
'#DBNAME#');
				$with = array($this->options['host'],
$this->options['port'],
$this->options['database']);

				break;

			case 'sqlite':
				if (isset($this->options['version']) &&
$this->options['version'] == 2)
				{
					$format = 'sqlite2:#DBNAME#';
				}
				else
				{
					$format = 'sqlite:#DBNAME#';
				}

				$replace = array('#DBNAME#');
				$with = array($this->options['database']);

				break;

			case 'sybase':
				$this->options['port'] =
(isset($this->options['port'])) ?
$this->options['port'] : 1433;

				$format = 'mssql:host=#HOST#;port=#PORT#;dbname=#DBNAME#';

				$replace = array('#HOST#', '#PORT#',
'#DBNAME#');
				$with = array($this->options['host'],
$this->options['port'],
$this->options['database']);

				break;
		}

		// Create the connection string:
		$connectionString = str_replace($replace, $with, $format);

		try
		{
			$this->connection = new PDO(
				$connectionString,
				$this->options['user'],
				$this->options['password'],
				$this->options['driverOptions']
			);
		}
		catch (PDOException $e)
		{
			throw new JDatabaseExceptionConnecting('Could not connect to PDO:
' . $e->getMessage(), 2, $e);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Disconnects the database.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function disconnect()
	{
		foreach ($this->disconnectHandlers as $h)
		{
			call_user_func_array($h, array( &$this));
		}

		$this->freeResult();
		$this->connection = null;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to escape a string for usage in an SQL statement.
	 *
	 * Oracle escaping reference:
	 *
http://www.orafaq.com/wiki/SQL_FAQ#How_does_one_escape_special_characters_when_writing_SQL_queries.3F
	 *
	 * SQLite escaping notes:
	 * http://www.sqlite.org/faq.html#q14
	 *
	 * Method body is as implemented by the Zend Framework
	 *
	 * Note: Using query objects with bound variables is
	 * preferable to the below.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $text   The string to be escaped.
	 * @param   boolean  $extra  Unused optional parameter to provide extra
escaping.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The escaped string.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function escape($text, $extra = false)
	{
		if (is_int($text))
		{
			return $text;
		}

		if (is_float($text))
		{
			// Force the dot as a decimal point.
			return str_replace(',', '.', $text);
		}

		$text = str_replace("'", "''", $text);

		return addcslashes($text, "\000\n\r\\\032");
	}

	/**
	 * Execute the SQL statement.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  A database cursor resource on success, boolean false on
failure.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 * @throws  Exception
	 */
	public function execute()
	{
		$this->connect();

		// Take a local copy so that we don't modify the original query and
cause issues later
		$query = $this->replacePrefix((string) $this->sql);

		if (!is_object($this->connection))
		{
			JLog::add(JText::sprintf('JLIB_DATABASE_QUERY_FAILED',
$this->errorNum, $this->errorMsg), JLog::ERROR,
'database');
			throw new JDatabaseExceptionExecuting($query, $this->errorMsg,
$this->errorNum);
		}

		// Increment the query counter.
		$this->count++;

		// Reset the error values.
		$this->errorNum = 0;
		$this->errorMsg = '';

		// If debugging is enabled then let's log the query.
		if ($this->debug)
		{
			// Add the query to the object queue.
			$this->log[] = $query;

			JLog::add($query, JLog::DEBUG, 'databasequery');

			$this->timings[] = microtime(true);
		}

		// Execute the query.
		$this->executed = false;

		if ($this->prepared instanceof PDOStatement)
		{
			// Bind the variables:
			if ($this->sql instanceof JDatabaseQueryPreparable)
			{
				$bounded = $this->sql->getBounded();

				foreach ($bounded as $key => $obj)
				{
					$this->prepared->bindParam($key, $obj->value,
$obj->dataType, $obj->length, $obj->driverOptions);
				}
			}

			$this->executed = $this->prepared->execute();
		}

		if ($this->debug)
		{
			$this->timings[] = microtime(true);

			if (defined('DEBUG_BACKTRACE_IGNORE_ARGS'))
			{
				$this->callStacks[] = debug_backtrace(DEBUG_BACKTRACE_IGNORE_ARGS);
			}
			else
			{
				$this->callStacks[] = debug_backtrace();
			}
		}

		// If an error occurred handle it.
		if (!$this->executed)
		{
			// Get the error number and message before we execute any more queries.
			$errorNum = $this->getErrorNumber();
			$errorMsg = $this->getErrorMessage();

			// Check if the server was disconnected.
			if (!$this->connected())
			{
				try
				{
					// Attempt to reconnect.
					$this->connection = null;
					$this->connect();
				}
				// If connect fails, ignore that exception and throw the normal
exception.
				catch (RuntimeException $e)
				{
					// Get the error number and message.
					$this->errorNum = $this->getErrorNumber();
					$this->errorMsg = $this->getErrorMessage();

					// Throw the normal query exception.
					JLog::add(JText::sprintf('JLIB_DATABASE_QUERY_FAILED',
$this->errorNum, $this->errorMsg), JLog::ERROR,
'database-error');

					throw new JDatabaseExceptionExecuting($query, $this->errorMsg,
$this->errorNum, $e);
				}

				// Since we were able to reconnect, run the query again.
				return $this->execute();
			}
			// The server was not disconnected.
			else
			{
				// Get the error number and message from before we tried to reconnect.
				$this->errorNum = $errorNum;
				$this->errorMsg = $errorMsg;

				// Throw the normal query exception.
				JLog::add(JText::sprintf('JLIB_DATABASE_QUERY_FAILED',
$this->errorNum, $this->errorMsg), JLog::ERROR,
'database-error');

				throw new JDatabaseExceptionExecuting($query, $this->errorMsg,
$this->errorNum);
			}
		}

		return $this->prepared;
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve a PDO database connection attribute
	 *
	 * Usage: $db->getOption(PDO::ATTR_CASE);
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $key  One of the PDO::ATTR_* Constants
	 *
	 * @return  mixed
	 *
	 * @link    https://www.php.net/manual/en/pdo.getattribute.php
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getOption($key)
	{
		$this->connect();

		return $this->connection->getAttribute($key);
	}

	/**
	 * Get a query to run and verify the database is operational.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The query to check the health of the DB.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.1
	 */
	public function getConnectedQuery()
	{
		return 'SELECT 1';
	}

	/**
	 * Get the version of the database connector.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The database connector version.
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 */
	public function getVersion()
	{
		$this->connect();

		return $this->getOption(PDO::ATTR_SERVER_VERSION);
	}

	/**
	 * Sets an attribute on the PDO database handle.
	 *
	 * Usage: $db->setOption(PDO::ATTR_CASE, PDO::CASE_UPPER);
	 *
	 * @param   integer  $key    One of the PDO::ATTR_* Constants
	 * @param   mixed    $value  One of the associated PDO Constants related
to the particular attribute key.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean
	 *
	 * @link   https://www.php.net/manual/en/pdo.setattribute.php
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function setOption($key, $value)
	{
		$this->connect();

		return $this->connection->setAttribute($key, $value);
	}

	/**
	 * Test to see if the PDO extension is available.
	 * Override as needed to check for specific PDO Drivers.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success, false otherwise.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public static function isSupported()
	{
		return defined('PDO::ATTR_DRIVER_NAME');
	}

	/**
	 * Determines if the connection to the server is active.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if connected to the database engine.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function connected()
	{
		// Flag to prevent recursion into this function.
		static $checkingConnected = false;

		if ($checkingConnected)
		{
			// Reset this flag and throw an exception.
			$checkingConnected = true;
			die('Recursion trying to check if connected.');
		}

		// Backup the query state.
		$query = $this->sql;
		$limit = $this->limit;
		$offset = $this->offset;
		$prepared = $this->prepared;

		try
		{
			// Set the checking connection flag.
			$checkingConnected = true;

			// Run a simple query to check the connection.
			$this->setQuery($this->getConnectedQuery());
			$status = (bool) $this->loadResult();
		}
		// If we catch an exception here, we must not be connected.
		catch (Exception $e)
		{
			$status = false;
		}

		// Restore the query state.
		$this->sql = $query;
		$this->limit = $limit;
		$this->offset = $offset;
		$this->prepared = $prepared;
		$checkingConnected = false;

		return $status;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the number of affected rows for the previous executed SQL
statement.
	 * Only applicable for DELETE, INSERT, or UPDATE statements.
	 *
	 * @return  integer  The number of affected rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getAffectedRows()
	{
		$this->connect();

		if ($this->prepared instanceof PDOStatement)
		{
			return $this->prepared->rowCount();
		}
		else
		{
			return 0;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Get the number of returned rows for the previous executed SQL
statement.
	 * Only applicable for DELETE, INSERT, or UPDATE statements.
	 *
	 * @param   resource  $cursor  An optional database cursor resource to
extract the row count from.
	 *
	 * @return  integer   The number of returned rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getNumRows($cursor = null)
	{
		$this->connect();

		if ($cursor instanceof PDOStatement)
		{
			return $cursor->rowCount();
		}
		elseif ($this->prepared instanceof PDOStatement)
		{
			return $this->prepared->rowCount();
		}
		else
		{
			return 0;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the auto-incremented value from the last INSERT
statement.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The value of the auto-increment field from the last
inserted row.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function insertid()
	{
		$this->connect();

		// Error suppress this to prevent PDO warning us that the driver
doesn't support this operation.
		return @$this->connection->lastInsertId();
	}

	/**
	 * Select a database for use.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $database  The name of the database to select for use.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if the database was successfully selected.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function select($database)
	{
		$this->connect();

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Sets the SQL statement string for later execution.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed    $query          The SQL statement to set either as a
JDatabaseQuery object or a string.
	 * @param   integer  $offset         The affected row offset to set.
	 * @param   integer  $limit          The maximum affected rows to set.
	 * @param   array    $driverOptions  The optional PDO driver options.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriver  This object to support method chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function setQuery($query, $offset = null, $limit = null,
$driverOptions = array())
	{
		$this->connect();

		$this->freeResult();

		if (is_string($query))
		{
			// Allows taking advantage of bound variables in a direct query:
			$query = $this->getQuery(true)->setQuery($query);
		}

		if ($query instanceof JDatabaseQueryLimitable &&
!is_null($offset) && !is_null($limit))
		{
			$query = $query->processLimit($query, $limit, $offset);
		}

		// Create a stringified version of the query (with prefixes replaced):
		$sql = $this->replacePrefix((string) $query);

		// Use the stringified version in the prepare call:
		$this->prepared = $this->connection->prepare($sql,
$driverOptions);

		// Store reference to the original JDatabaseQuery instance within the
class.
		// This is important since binding variables depends on it within
execute():
		parent::setQuery($query, $offset, $limit);

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Set the connection to use UTF-8 character encoding.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function setUtf()
	{
		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to commit a transaction.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $toSavepoint  If true, commit to the last savepoint.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function transactionCommit($toSavepoint = false)
	{
		$this->connect();

		if (!$toSavepoint || $this->transactionDepth == 1)
		{
			$this->connection->commit();
		}

		$this->transactionDepth--;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to roll back a transaction.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $toSavepoint  If true, rollback to the last
savepoint.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function transactionRollback($toSavepoint = false)
	{
		$this->connect();

		if (!$toSavepoint || $this->transactionDepth == 1)
		{
			$this->connection->rollBack();
		}

		$this->transactionDepth--;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to initialize a transaction.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $asSavepoint  If true and a transaction is already
active, a savepoint will be created.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function transactionStart($asSavepoint = false)
	{
		$this->connect();

		if (!$asSavepoint || !$this->transactionDepth)
		{
			$this->connection->beginTransaction();
		}

		$this->transactionDepth++;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to fetch a row from the result set cursor as an array.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $cursor  The optional result set cursor from which to
fetch the row.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  Either the next row from the result set or false if
there are no more rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function fetchArray($cursor = null)
	{
		if (!empty($cursor) && $cursor instanceof PDOStatement)
		{
			return $cursor->fetch(PDO::FETCH_NUM);
		}

		if ($this->prepared instanceof PDOStatement)
		{
			return $this->prepared->fetch(PDO::FETCH_NUM);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Method to fetch a row from the result set cursor as an associative
array.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $cursor  The optional result set cursor from which to
fetch the row.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  Either the next row from the result set or false if
there are no more rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function fetchAssoc($cursor = null)
	{
		if (!empty($cursor) && $cursor instanceof PDOStatement)
		{
			return $cursor->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
		}

		if ($this->prepared instanceof PDOStatement)
		{
			return $this->prepared->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Method to fetch a row from the result set cursor as an object.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed   $cursor  The optional result set cursor from which to
fetch the row.
	 * @param   string  $class   Unused, only necessary so method signature
will be the same as parent.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed   Either the next row from the result set or false if
there are no more rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function fetchObject($cursor = null, $class =
'stdClass')
	{
		if (!empty($cursor) && $cursor instanceof PDOStatement)
		{
			return $cursor->fetchObject($class);
		}

		if ($this->prepared instanceof PDOStatement)
		{
			return $this->prepared->fetchObject($class);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Method to free up the memory used for the result set.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $cursor  The optional result set cursor from which to
fetch the row.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function freeResult($cursor = null)
	{
		$this->executed = false;

		if ($cursor instanceof PDOStatement)
		{
			$cursor->closeCursor();
			$cursor = null;
		}

		if ($this->prepared instanceof PDOStatement)
		{
			$this->prepared->closeCursor();
			$this->prepared = null;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the next row in the result set from the database query as
an object.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $class  The class name to use for the returned row
object.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed   The result of the query as an array, false if there
are no more rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 * @deprecated  4.0 (CMS)  Use getIterator() instead
	 */
	public function loadNextObject($class = 'stdClass')
	{
		JLog::add(__METHOD__ . '() is deprecated. Use
JDatabaseDriver::getIterator() instead.', JLog::WARNING,
'deprecated');
		$this->connect();

		// Execute the query and get the result set cursor.
		if (!$this->executed)
		{
			if (!($this->execute()))
			{
				return $this->errorNum ? null : false;
			}
		}

		// Get the next row from the result set as an object of type $class.
		if ($row = $this->fetchObject(null, $class))
		{
			return $row;
		}

		// Free up system resources and return.
		$this->freeResult();

		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the next row in the result set from the database query as
an array.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  The result of the query as an array, false if there are
no more rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function loadNextAssoc()
	{
		$this->connect();

		// Execute the query and get the result set cursor.
		if (!$this->executed)
		{
			if (!($this->execute()))
			{
				return $this->errorNum ? null : false;
			}
		}

		// Get the next row from the result set as an object of type $class.
		if ($row = $this->fetchAssoc())
		{
			return $row;
		}

		// Free up system resources and return.
		$this->freeResult();

		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the next row in the result set from the database query as
an array.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  The result of the query as an array, false if there are
no more rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 * @deprecated  4.0 (CMS)  Use getIterator() instead
	 */
	public function loadNextRow()
	{
		JLog::add(__METHOD__ . '() is deprecated. Use
JDatabaseDriver::getIterator() instead.', JLog::WARNING,
'deprecated');
		$this->connect();

		// Execute the query and get the result set cursor.
		if (!$this->executed)
		{
			if (!($this->execute()))
			{
				return $this->errorNum ? null : false;
			}
		}

		// Get the next row from the result set as an object of type $class.
		if ($row = $this->fetchArray())
		{
			return $row;
		}

		// Free up system resources and return.
		$this->freeResult();

		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * PDO does not support serialize
	 *
	 * @return  array
	 *
	 * @since   3.1.4
	 */
	public function __sleep()
	{
		$serializedProperties = array();

		$reflect = new ReflectionClass($this);

		// Get properties of the current class
		$properties = $reflect->getProperties();

		foreach ($properties as $property)
		{
			// Do not serialize properties that are PDO
			if ($property->isStatic() == false &&
!($this->{$property->name} instanceof PDO))
			{
				$serializedProperties[] = $property->name;
			}
		}

		return $serializedProperties;
	}

	/**
	 * Wake up after serialization
	 *
	 * @return  array
	 *
	 * @since   3.1.4
	 */
	public function __wakeup()
	{
		// Get connection back
		$this->__construct($this->options);
	}

	/**
	 * Return the actual SQL Error number
	 *
	 * @return  integer  The SQL Error number
	 *
	 * @since   3.4.6
	 */
	protected function getErrorNumber()
	{
		return (int) $this->connection->errorCode();
	}

	/**
	 * Return the actual SQL Error message
	 *
	 * @return  string  The SQL Error message
	 *
	 * @since   3.4.6
	 */
	protected function getErrorMessage()
	{
		// The SQL Error Information
		$errorInfo = implode(', ',
$this->connection->errorInfo());

		// Replace the Databaseprefix with `#__` if we are not in Debug
		if (!$this->debug)
		{
			$errorInfo = str_replace($this->tablePrefix, '#__',
$errorInfo);
		}

		return $errorInfo;
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * MySQL database driver supporting PDO based connections
 *
 * @link   https://www.php.net/manual/en/ref.pdo-mysql.php
 * @since  3.4
 */
class JDatabaseDriverPdomysql extends JDatabaseDriverPdo
{
	/**
	 * The name of the database driver.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.4
	 */
	public $name = 'pdomysql';

	/**
	 * The type of the database server family supported by this driver.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  CMS 3.5.0
	 */
	public $serverType = 'mysql';

	/**
	 * The character(s) used to quote SQL statement names such as table names
or field names,
	 * etc. The child classes should define this as necessary.  If a single
character string the
	 * same character is used for both sides of the quoted name, else the
first character will be
	 * used for the opening quote and the second for the closing quote.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.4
	 */
	protected $nameQuote = '`';

	/**
	 * The null or zero representation of a timestamp for the database driver.
 This should be
	 * defined in child classes to hold the appropriate value for the engine.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.4
	 */
	protected $nullDate = '0000-00-00 00:00:00';

	/**
	 * The minimum supported database version.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.4
	 */
	protected static $dbMinimum = '5.0.4';

	/**
	 * Constructor.
	 *
	 * @param   array  $options  Array of database options with keys: host,
user, password, database, select.
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 */
	public function __construct($options)
	{
		// Get some basic values from the options.
		$options['driver']  = 'mysql';

		if (!isset($options['charset']) ||
$options['charset'] == 'utf8')
		{
			$options['charset'] = 'utf8mb4';
		}

		/**
		 * Pre-populate the UTF-8 Multibyte compatibility flag. Unfortunately PDO
won't report the server version
		 * unless we're connected to it, and we cannot connect to it unless
we know if it supports utf8mb4, which requires
		 * us knowing the server version. Because of this chicken and egg issue,
we _assume_ it's supported and we'll just
		 * catch any problems at connection time.
		 */
		$this->utf8mb4 = ($options['charset'] ==
'utf8mb4');

		// Finalize initialisation.
		parent::__construct($options);
	}

	/**
	 * Connects to the database if needed.
	 *
	 * @return  void  Returns void if the database connected successfully.
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function connect()
	{
		if ($this->connection)
		{
			return;
		}

		try
		{
			// Try to connect to MySQL
			parent::connect();
		}
		catch (\RuntimeException $e)
		{
			// If the connection failed, but not because of the wrong character set,
then bubble up the exception.
			if (!$this->utf8mb4)
			{
				throw $e;
			}

			/*
			 * Otherwise, try connecting again without using
			 * utf8mb4 and see if maybe that was the problem. If the
			 * connection succeeds, then we will have learned that the
			 * client end of the connection does not support utf8mb4.
  			 */
			$this->utf8mb4 = false;
			$this->options['charset'] = 'utf8';

			parent::connect();
		}

		if ($this->utf8mb4)
		{
			/*
 			 * At this point we know the client supports utf8mb4.  Now
 			 * we must check if the server supports utf8mb4 as well.
 			 */
			$serverVersion =
$this->connection->getAttribute(PDO::ATTR_SERVER_VERSION);
			$this->utf8mb4 = version_compare($serverVersion, '5.5.3',
'>=');

			if (!$this->utf8mb4)
			{
				// Reconnect with the utf8 character set.
				parent::disconnect();
				$this->options['charset'] = 'utf8';
				parent::connect();
			}
		}

		$this->connection->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE,
PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
		$this->connection->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES, true);

		// Set sql_mode to non_strict mode
		$this->connection->query("SET @@SESSION.sql_mode =
'';");

		// Disable query cache and turn profiling ON in debug mode.
		if ($this->debug)
		{
			$this->connection->query('SET query_cache_type = 0;');

			if ($this->hasProfiling())
			{
				$this->connection->query('SET profiling_history_size = 100,
profiling = 1;');
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Test to see if the MySQL connector is available.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success, false otherwise.
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 */
	public static function isSupported()
	{
		return class_exists('PDO') &&
in_array('mysql', PDO::getAvailableDrivers());
	}

	/**
	 * Drops a table from the database.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $tableName  The name of the database table to drop.
	 * @param   boolean  $ifExists   Optionally specify that the table must
exist before it is dropped.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriverPdomysql  Returns this object to support
chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function dropTable($tableName, $ifExists = true)
	{
		$this->connect();

		$query = $this->getQuery(true);

		$query->setQuery('DROP TABLE ' . ($ifExists ? 'IF
EXISTS ' : '') . $this->quoteName($tableName));

		$this->setQuery($query);

		$this->execute();

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Select a database for use.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $database  The name of the database to select for use.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if the database was successfully selected.
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function select($database)
	{
		$this->connect();

		$this->setQuery('USE ' . $this->quoteName($database));

		$this->execute();

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the database collation in use by sampling a text field of
a table in the database.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  The collation in use by the database (string) or
boolean false if not supported.
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getCollation()
	{
		$this->connect();

		// Attempt to get the database collation by accessing the server system
variable.
		$this->setQuery('SHOW VARIABLES LIKE
"collation_database"');
		$result = $this->loadObject();

		if (property_exists($result, 'Value'))
		{
			return $result->Value;
		}
		else
		{
			return false;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the database connection collation, as reported by the
driver. If the connector doesn't support
	 * reporting this value please return an empty string.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 */
	public function getConnectionCollation()
	{
		$this->connect();

		// Attempt to get the database collation by accessing the server system
variable.
		$this->setQuery('SHOW VARIABLES LIKE
"collation_connection"');
		$result = $this->loadObject();

		if (property_exists($result, 'Value'))
		{
			return $result->Value;
		}
		else
		{
			return false;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Shows the table CREATE statement that creates the given tables.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $tables  A table name or a list of table names.
	 *
	 * @return  array  A list of the create SQL for the tables.
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getTableCreate($tables)
	{
		$this->connect();

		// Initialise variables.
		$result = array();

		// Sanitize input to an array and iterate over the list.
		settype($tables, 'array');

		foreach ($tables as $table)
		{
			$this->setQuery('SHOW CREATE TABLE ' .
$this->quoteName($table));

			$row = $this->loadRow();

			// Populate the result array based on the create statements.
			$result[$table] = $row[1];
		}

		return $result;
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieves field information about a given table.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $table     The name of the database table.
	 * @param   boolean  $typeOnly  True to only return field types.
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of fields for the database table.
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getTableColumns($table, $typeOnly = true)
	{
		$this->connect();

		$result = array();

		// Set the query to get the table fields statement.
		$this->setQuery('SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM ' .
$this->quoteName($table));

		$fields = $this->loadObjectList();

		// If we only want the type as the value add just that to the list.
		if ($typeOnly)
		{
			foreach ($fields as $field)
			{
				$result[$field->Field] = preg_replace('/[(0-9)]/',
'', $field->Type);
			}
		}
		// If we want the whole field data object add that to the list.
		else
		{
			foreach ($fields as $field)
			{
				$result[$field->Field] = $field;
			}
		}

		return $result;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the details list of keys for a table.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table  The name of the table.
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of the column specification for the table.
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getTableKeys($table)
	{
		$this->connect();

		// Get the details columns information.
		$this->setQuery('SHOW KEYS FROM ' .
$this->quoteName($table));

		$keys = $this->loadObjectList();

		return $keys;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get an array of all tables in the database.
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of all the tables in the database.
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getTableList()
	{
		$this->connect();

		// Set the query to get the tables statement.
		$this->setQuery('SHOW TABLES');
		$tables = $this->loadColumn();

		return $tables;
	}

	/**
	 * Locks a table in the database.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table  The name of the table to unlock.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriverPdomysql  Returns this object to support
chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function lockTable($table)
	{
		$this->setQuery('LOCK TABLES ' . $this->quoteName($table)
. ' WRITE')->execute();

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Renames a table in the database.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $oldTable  The name of the table to be renamed
	 * @param   string  $newTable  The new name for the table.
	 * @param   string  $backup    Not used by MySQL.
	 * @param   string  $prefix    Not used by MySQL.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriverPdomysql  Returns this object to support
chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function renameTable($oldTable, $newTable, $backup = null, $prefix
= null)
	{
		$this->setQuery('RENAME TABLE ' .
$this->quoteName($oldTable) . ' TO ' .
$this->quoteName($newTable));

		$this->execute();

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to escape a string for usage in an SQL statement.
	 *
	 * Oracle escaping reference:
	 *
http://www.orafaq.com/wiki/SQL_FAQ#How_does_one_escape_special_characters_when_writing_SQL_queries.3F
	 *
	 * SQLite escaping notes:
	 * http://www.sqlite.org/faq.html#q14
	 *
	 * Method body is as implemented by the Zend Framework
	 *
	 * Note: Using query objects with bound variables is
	 * preferable to the below.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $text   The string to be escaped.
	 * @param   boolean  $extra  Unused optional parameter to provide extra
escaping.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The escaped string.
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 */
	public function escape($text, $extra = false)
	{
		if (is_int($text))
		{
			return $text;
		}

		if (is_float($text))
		{
			// Force the dot as a decimal point.
			return str_replace(',', '.', $text);
		}

		$this->connect();

		$result = substr($this->connection->quote($text), 1, -1);

		if ($extra)
		{
			$result = addcslashes($result, '%_');
		}

		return $result;
	}

	/**
	 * Unlocks tables in the database.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriverPdomysql  Returns this object to support
chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function unlockTables()
	{
		$this->setQuery('UNLOCK TABLES')->execute();

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to commit a transaction.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $toSavepoint  If true, commit to the last savepoint.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function transactionCommit($toSavepoint = false)
	{
		$this->connect();

		if (!$toSavepoint || $this->transactionDepth <= 1)
		{
			parent::transactionCommit($toSavepoint);
		}
		else
		{
			$this->transactionDepth--;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Method to roll back a transaction.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $toSavepoint  If true, rollback to the last
savepoint.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function transactionRollback($toSavepoint = false)
	{
		$this->connect();

		if (!$toSavepoint || $this->transactionDepth <= 1)
		{
			parent::transactionRollback($toSavepoint);
		}
		else
		{
			$savepoint = 'SP_' . ($this->transactionDepth - 1);
			$this->setQuery('ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT ' .
$this->quoteName($savepoint));

			if ($this->execute())
			{
				$this->transactionDepth--;
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Method to initialize a transaction.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $asSavepoint  If true and a transaction is already
active, a savepoint will be created.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function transactionStart($asSavepoint = false)
	{
		$this->connect();

		if (!$asSavepoint || !$this->transactionDepth)
		{
			parent::transactionStart($asSavepoint);
		}
		else
		{
			$savepoint = 'SP_' . $this->transactionDepth;
			$this->setQuery('SAVEPOINT ' .
$this->quoteName($savepoint));

			if ($this->execute())
			{
				$this->transactionDepth++;
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Internal function to check if profiling is available.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.1
	 */
	private function hasProfiling()
	{
		$result = $this->setQuery("SHOW VARIABLES LIKE
'have_profiling'")->loadAssoc();

		return isset($result);
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * PostgreSQL PDO Database Driver
 *
 * @link   https://www.php.net/manual/en/ref.pdo-mysql.php
 * @since  3.9.0
 */
class JDatabaseDriverPgsql extends JDatabaseDriverPdo
{
	/**
	 * The database driver name
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.9.0
	 */
	public $name = 'pgsql';

	/**
	 * The character(s) used to quote SQL statement names such as table names
or field names,
	 * etc. The child classes should define this as necessary.  If a single
character string the
	 * same character is used for both sides of the quoted name, else the
first character will be
	 * used for the opening quote and the second for the closing quote.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.9.0
	 */
	protected $nameQuote = '"';

	/**
	 * The null or zero representation of a timestamp for the database driver.
 This should be
	 * defined in child classes to hold the appropriate value for the engine.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.9.0
	 */
	protected $nullDate = '1970-01-01 00:00:00';

	/**
	 * The minimum supported database version.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.9.0
	 */
	protected static $dbMinimum = '8.3.18';

	/**
	 * Operator used for concatenation
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.9.0
	 */
	protected $concat_operator = '||';

	/**
	 * Database object constructor
	 *
	 * @param   array  $options  List of options used to configure the
connection
	 *
	 * @since	3.9.0
	 */
	public function __construct($options)
	{
		$options['driver']   = 'pgsql';
		$options['host']     = isset($options['host']) ?
$options['host'] : 'localhost';
		$options['user']     = isset($options['user']) ?
$options['user'] : '';
		$options['password'] = isset($options['password']) ?
$options['password'] : '';
		$options['database'] = isset($options['database']) ?
$options['database'] : '';
		$options['port']     = isset($options['port']) ?
$options['port'] : null;

		// Finalize initialization
		parent::__construct($options);
	}

	/**
	 * Connects to the database if needed.
	 *
	 * @return  void  Returns void if the database connected successfully.
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 * @throws  \RuntimeException
	 */
	public function connect()
	{
		if ($this->getConnection())
		{
			return;
		}

		parent::connect();

		$this->setQuery('SET standard_conforming_strings =
off')->execute();
	}

	/**
	 * Drops a table from the database.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $tableName  The name of the database table to drop.
	 * @param   boolean  $ifExists   Optionally specify that the table must
exist before it is dropped.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean	true
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 * @throws  \RuntimeException
	 */
	public function dropTable($tableName, $ifExists = true)
	{
		$this->setQuery('DROP TABLE ' . ($ifExists ? 'IF EXISTS
' : '') . $this->quoteName($tableName))->execute();

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the database collation in use by sampling a text field of
a table in the database.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  The collation in use by the database or boolean false
if not supported.
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 * @throws  \RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getCollation()
	{
		$this->setQuery('SHOW LC_COLLATE');
		$array = $this->loadAssocList();

		return $array[0]['lc_collate'];
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the database connection collation in use by sampling a
text field of a table in the database.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  The collation in use by the database connection
(string) or boolean false if not supported.
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 * @throws  \RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getConnectionCollation()
	{
		$this->setQuery('SHOW LC_COLLATE');
		$array = $this->loadAssocList();

		return $array[0]['lc_collate'];
	}

	/**
	 * Internal function to get the name of the default schema for the current
PostgreSQL connection.
	 * That is the schema where tables are created by Joomla.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.24
	 */
	private function getDefaultSchema()
	{

		// Supported since PostgreSQL 7.3
		$this->setQuery('SELECT (current_schemas(false))[1]');
		return $this->loadResult();

	}
	
	/**
	 * Shows the table CREATE statement that creates the given tables.
	 *
	 * This is unsupported by PostgreSQL.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $tables  A table name or a list of table names.
	 *
	 * @return  string  An empty string because this function is not supported
by PostgreSQL.
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 * @throws  \RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getTableCreate($tables)
	{
		return '';
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieves field information about a given table.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $table     The name of the database table.
	 * @param   boolean  $typeOnly  True to only return field types.
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of fields for the database table.
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 * @throws  \RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getTableColumns($table, $typeOnly = true)
	{
		$this->connect();

		$result = array();

		$tableSub = $this->replacePrefix($table);

		$defaultSchema = $this->getDefaultSchema();
		
		$this->setQuery('
			SELECT a.attname AS "column_name",
				pg_catalog.format_type(a.atttypid, a.atttypmod) as "type",
				CASE WHEN a.attnotnull IS TRUE
					THEN \'NO\'
					ELSE \'YES\'
				END AS "null",
				CASE WHEN pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(adef.adbin, adef.adrelid, true) IS NOT
NULL
					THEN pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(adef.adbin, adef.adrelid, true)
				END as "Default",
				CASE WHEN pg_catalog.col_description(a.attrelid, a.attnum) IS NULL
				THEN \'\'
				ELSE pg_catalog.col_description(a.attrelid, a.attnum)
				END  AS "comments"
			FROM pg_catalog.pg_attribute a
			LEFT JOIN pg_catalog.pg_attrdef adef ON a.attrelid=adef.adrelid AND
a.attnum=adef.adnum
			LEFT JOIN pg_catalog.pg_type t ON a.atttypid=t.oid
			WHERE a.attrelid =
				(SELECT oid FROM pg_catalog.pg_class WHERE relname=' .
$this->quote($tableSub) . '
					AND relnamespace = (SELECT oid FROM pg_catalog.pg_namespace WHERE
					nspname = ' . $this->quote($defaultSchema) . ')
				)
			AND a.attnum > 0 AND NOT a.attisdropped
			ORDER BY a.attnum'
		);

		$fields = $this->loadObjectList();

		if ($typeOnly)
		{
			foreach ($fields as $field)
			{
				$result[$field->column_name] = preg_replace('/[(0-9)]/',
'', $field->type);
			}
		}
		else
		{
			foreach ($fields as $field)
			{
				if (stristr(strtolower($field->type), 'character
varying'))
				{
					$field->Default = '';
				}

				if (stristr(strtolower($field->type), 'text'))
				{
					$field->Default = '';
				}

				// Do some dirty translation to MySQL output.
				// @todo: Come up with and implement a standard across databases.
				$result[$field->column_name] = (object) array(
					'column_name' => $field->column_name,
					'type' => $field->type,
					'null' => $field->null,
					'Default' => $field->Default,
					'comments' => '',
					'Field' => $field->column_name,
					'Type' => $field->type,
					'Null' => $field->null,
					// @todo: Improve query above to return primary key info as well
					// 'Key' => ($field->PK == '1' ?
'PRI' : '')
				);
			}
		}

		// Change Postgresql's NULL::* type with PHP's null one
		foreach ($fields as $field)
		{
			if (preg_match('/^NULL::*/', $field->Default))
			{
				$field->Default = null;
			}
		}

		return $result;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the details list of keys for a table.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table  The name of the table.
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of the column specification for the table.
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 * @throws  \RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getTableKeys($table)
	{
		$this->connect();

		// To check if table exists and prevent SQL injection
		$tableList = $this->getTableList();

		if (in_array($table, $tableList, true))
		{
			// Get the details columns information.
			$this->setQuery('
				SELECT indexname AS "idxName", indisprimary AS
"isPrimary", indisunique  AS "isUnique",
					CASE WHEN indisprimary = true THEN
						( SELECT \'ALTER TABLE \' || tablename || \' ADD
\' || pg_catalog.pg_get_constraintdef(const.oid, true)
							FROM pg_constraint AS const WHERE const.conname=
pgClassFirst.relname )
					ELSE pg_catalog.pg_get_indexdef(indexrelid, 0, true)
					END AS "Query"
				FROM pg_indexes
				LEFT JOIN pg_class AS pgClassFirst ON indexname=pgClassFirst.relname
				LEFT JOIN pg_index AS pgIndex ON pgClassFirst.oid=pgIndex.indexrelid
				WHERE tablename=' . $this->quote($table) . ' ORDER BY
indkey'
			);

			return $this->loadObjectList();
		}

		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get an array of all tables in the database.
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of all the tables in the database.
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 * @throws  \RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getTableList()
	{
		$query = $this->getQuery(true)
			->select('table_name')
			->from('information_schema.tables')
			->where('table_type = ' . $this->quote('BASE
TABLE'))
			->where('table_schema NOT IN (' .
$this->quote('pg_catalog') . ', ' .
$this->quote('information_schema') . ')')
			->order('table_name ASC');

		$this->setQuery($query);

		return $this->loadColumn();
	}

	/**
	 * Get the details list of sequences for a table.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table  The name of the table.
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of sequences specification for the table.
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 * @throws  \RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getTableSequences($table)
	{
		// To check if table exists and prevent SQL injection
		$tableList = $this->getTableList();

		if (in_array($table, $tableList, true))
		{
			$name = array(
				's.relname', 'n.nspname', 't.relname',
'a.attname', 'info.data_type',
				'info.minimum_value', 'info.maximum_value',
'info.increment', 'info.cycle_option'
			);

			$as = array('sequence', 'schema', 'table',
'column', 'data_type', 'minimum_value',
'maximum_value', 'increment',
'cycle_option');

			if (version_compare($this->getVersion(), '9.1.0') >= 0)
			{
				$name[] .= 'info.start_value';
				$as[] .= 'start_value';
			}

			// Get the details columns information.
			$query = $this->getQuery(true)
				->select($this->quoteName($name, $as))
				->from('pg_class AS s')
				->leftJoin("pg_depend d ON d.objid = s.oid AND d.classid =
'pg_class'::regclass AND d.refclassid =
'pg_class'::regclass")
				->leftJoin('pg_class t ON t.oid = d.refobjid')
				->leftJoin('pg_namespace n ON n.oid = t.relnamespace')
				->leftJoin('pg_attribute a ON a.attrelid = t.oid AND a.attnum =
d.refobjsubid')
				->leftJoin('information_schema.sequences AS info ON
info.sequence_name = s.relname')
				->where('s.relkind = ' . $this->quote('S') .
' AND d.deptype = ' . $this->quote('a') . ' AND
t.relname = ' . $this->quote($table));
			$this->setQuery($query);

			return $this->loadObjectList();
		}

		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Locks a table in the database.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $tableName  The name of the table to unlock.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriverPgsql  Returns this object to support chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 * @throws  \RuntimeException
	 */
	public function lockTable($tableName)
	{
		$this->transactionStart();
		$this->setQuery('LOCK TABLE ' .
$this->quoteName($tableName) . ' IN ACCESS EXCLUSIVE
MODE')->execute();

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Renames a table in the database.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $oldTable  The name of the table to be renamed
	 * @param   string  $newTable  The new name for the table.
	 * @param   string  $backup    Not used by PostgreSQL.
	 * @param   string  $prefix    Not used by PostgreSQL.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriverPgsql  Returns this object to support chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 * @throws  \RuntimeException
	 */
	public function renameTable($oldTable, $newTable, $backup = null, $prefix
= null)
	{
		$this->connect();

		// To check if table exists and prevent SQL injection
		$tableList = $this->getTableList();

		// Origin Table does not exist
		if (!in_array($oldTable, $tableList, true))
		{
			// Origin Table not found
			throw new \RuntimeException('Table not found in Postgresql
database.');
		}

		// Rename indexes
		$subQuery = $this->getQuery(true)
			->select('indexrelid')
			->from('pg_index, pg_class')
			->where('pg_class.relname = ' . $this->quote($oldTable))
			->where('pg_class.oid = pg_index.indrelid');

		$this->setQuery(
			$this->getQuery(true)
				->select('relname')
				->from('pg_class')
				->where('oid IN (' . (string) $subQuery . ')')
		);

		$oldIndexes = $this->loadColumn();

		foreach ($oldIndexes as $oldIndex)
		{
			$changedIdxName = str_replace($oldTable, $newTable, $oldIndex);
			$this->setQuery('ALTER INDEX ' .
$this->escape($oldIndex) . ' RENAME TO ' .
$this->escape($changedIdxName))->execute();
		}

		// Rename sequences
		$subQuery = $this->getQuery(true)
			->select('oid')
			->from('pg_namespace')
			->where('nspname NOT LIKE ' .
$this->quote('pg_%'))
			->where('nspname != ' .
$this->quote('information_schema'));

		$this->setQuery(
			$this->getQuery(true)
				->select('relname')
				->from('pg_class')
				->where('relkind = ' . $this->quote('S'))
				->where('relnamespace IN (' . (string) $subQuery .
')')
				->where('relname LIKE ' .
$this->quote("%$oldTable%"))
		);

		$oldSequences = $this->loadColumn();

		foreach ($oldSequences as $oldSequence)
		{
			$changedSequenceName = str_replace($oldTable, $newTable, $oldSequence);
			$this->setQuery('ALTER SEQUENCE ' .
$this->escape($oldSequence) . ' RENAME TO ' .
$this->escape($changedSequenceName))->execute();
		}

		// Rename table
		$this->setQuery('ALTER TABLE ' . $this->escape($oldTable)
. ' RENAME TO ' . $this->escape($newTable))->execute();

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * This function return a field value as a prepared string to be used in a
SQL statement.
	 *
	 * @param   array   $columns     Array of table's column returned by
::getTableColumns.
	 * @param   string  $fieldName   The table field's name.
	 * @param   string  $fieldValue  The variable value to quote and return.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The quoted string.
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 */
	public function sqlValue($columns, $fieldName, $fieldValue)
	{
		switch ($columns[$fieldName])
		{
			case 'boolean':
				$val = 'NULL';

				if ($fieldValue === 't' || $fieldValue === true ||
$fieldValue === 1 || $fieldValue === '1')
				{
					$val = 'TRUE';
				}
				elseif ($fieldValue === 'f' || $fieldValue === false ||
$fieldValue === 0 || $fieldValue === '0')
				{
					$val = 'FALSE';
				}

				break;

			case 'bigint':
			case 'bigserial':
			case 'integer':
			case 'money':
			case 'numeric':
			case 'real':
			case 'smallint':
			case 'serial':
			case 'numeric,':
				$val = $fieldValue === '' ? 'NULL' : $fieldValue;
				break;

			case 'date':
			case 'timestamp without time zone':
				if (empty($fieldValue))
				{
					$fieldValue = $this->getNullDate();
				}

				$val = $this->quote($fieldValue);

				break;

			default:
				$val = $this->quote($fieldValue);
				break;
		}

		return $val;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to commit a transaction.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $toSavepoint  If true, commit to the last savepoint.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 * @throws  \RuntimeException
	 */
	public function transactionCommit($toSavepoint = false)
	{
		$this->connect();

		if (!$toSavepoint || $this->transactionDepth <= 1)
		{
			if ($this->setQuery('COMMIT')->execute())
			{
				$this->transactionDepth = 0;
			}

			return;
		}

		$this->transactionDepth--;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to roll back a transaction.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $toSavepoint  If true, rollback to the last
savepoint.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 * @throws  \RuntimeException
	 */
	public function transactionRollback($toSavepoint = false)
	{
		$this->connect();

		if (!$toSavepoint || $this->transactionDepth <= 1)
		{
			if ($this->setQuery('ROLLBACK')->execute())
			{
				$this->transactionDepth = 0;
			}

			return;
		}

		$savepoint = 'SP_' . ($this->transactionDepth - 1);
		$this->setQuery('ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT ' .
$this->quoteName($savepoint));

		if ($this->execute())
		{
			$this->transactionDepth--;
			$this->setQuery('RELEASE SAVEPOINT ' .
$this->quoteName($savepoint))->execute();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Method to initialize a transaction.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $asSavepoint  If true and a transaction is already
active, a savepoint will be created.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 * @throws  \RuntimeException
	 */
	public function transactionStart($asSavepoint = false)
	{
		$this->connect();

		if (!$asSavepoint || !$this->transactionDepth)
		{
			if ($this->setQuery('START TRANSACTION')->execute())
			{
				$this->transactionDepth = 1;
			}

			return;
		}

		$savepoint = 'SP_' . $this->transactionDepth;
		$this->setQuery('SAVEPOINT ' .
$this->quoteName($savepoint));

		if ($this->execute())
		{
			$this->transactionDepth++;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Inserts a row into a table based on an object's properties.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table    The name of the database table to insert
into.
	 * @param   object  &$object  A reference to an object whose public
properties match the table fields.
	 * @param   string  $key      The name of the primary key. If provided the
object property is updated.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean    True on success.
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 * @throws  \RuntimeException
	 */
	public function insertObject($table, &$object, $key = null)
	{
		$columns = $this->getTableColumns($table);

		$fields = array();
		$values = array();

		// Iterate over the object variables to build the query fields and
values.
		foreach (get_object_vars($object) as $k => $v)
		{
			// Skip columns that don't exist in the table.
			if (!array_key_exists($k, $columns))
			{
				continue;
			}

			// Only process non-null scalars.
			if (is_array($v) || is_object($v) || $v === null)
			{
				continue;
			}

			// Ignore any internal fields or primary keys with value 0.
			if (($k[0] === '_') || ($k == $key && (($v === 0) ||
($v === '0'))))
			{
				continue;
			}

			// Prepare and sanitize the fields and values for the database query.
			$fields[] = $this->quoteName($k);
			$values[] = $this->sqlValue($columns, $k, $v);
		}

		// Create the base insert statement.
		$query = $this->getQuery(true);

		$query->insert($this->quoteName($table))
			->columns($fields)
			->values(implode(',', $values));

		$retVal = false;

		if ($key)
		{
			$query->returning($key);

			// Set the query and execute the insert.
			$this->setQuery($query);

			$id = $this->loadResult();

			if ($id)
			{
				$object->$key = $id;
				$retVal = true;
			}
		}
		else
		{
			// Set the query and execute the insert.
			$this->setQuery($query);

			if ($this->execute())
			{
				$retVal = true;
			}
		}

		return $retVal;
	}

	/**
	 * Test to see if the PostgreSQL connector is available.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success, false otherwise.
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 */
	public static function isSupported()
	{
		return class_exists('PDO') &&
in_array('pgsql', PDO::getAvailableDrivers(), true);
	}

	/**
	 * Returns an array containing database's table list.
	 *
	 * @return  array  The database's table list.
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 */
	public function showTables()
	{
		$query = $this->getQuery(true)
			->select('table_name')
			->from('information_schema.tables')
			->where('table_type=' . $this->quote('BASE
TABLE'))
			->where('table_schema NOT IN (' .
$this->quote('pg_catalog') . ', ' .
$this->quote('information_schema') . ' )');

		$this->setQuery($query);

		return $this->loadColumn();
	}

	/**
	 * Get the substring position inside a string
	 *
	 * @param   string  $substring  The string being sought
	 * @param   string  $string     The string/column being searched
	 *
	 * @return  integer  The position of $substring in $string
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 */
	public function getStringPositionSql($substring, $string)
	{
		$this->setQuery("SELECT POSITION($substring IN $string)");
		$position = $this->loadRow();

		return $position['position'];
	}

	/**
	 * Generate a random value
	 *
	 * @return  float  The random generated number
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 */
	public function getRandom()
	{
		$this->setQuery('SELECT RANDOM()');
		$random = $this->loadAssoc();

		return $random['random'];
	}

	/**
	 * Get the query string to alter the database character set.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $dbName  The database name
	 *
	 * @return  string  The query that alter the database query string
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 */
	public function getAlterDbCharacterSet($dbName)
	{
		return 'ALTER DATABASE ' . $this->quoteName($dbName) .
' SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO ' . $this->quote('UTF8');
	}

	/**
	 * Get the query string to create new Database in correct PostgreSQL
syntax.
	 *
	 * @param   object   $options  object coming from "initialise"
function to pass user and database name to database driver.
	 * @param   boolean  $utf      True if the database supports the UTF-8
character set, not used in PostgreSQL "CREATE DATABASE" query.
	 *
	 * @return  string	The query that creates database, owned by
$options['user']
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 */
	public function getCreateDbQuery($options, $utf)
	{
		$query = 'CREATE DATABASE ' .
$this->quoteName($options->db_name) . ' OWNER ' .
$this->quoteName($options->db_user);

		if ($utf)
		{
			$query .= ' ENCODING ' . $this->quote('UTF-8');
		}

		return $query;
	}

	/**
	 * This function replaces a string identifier
<var>$prefix</var> with the string held is the
<var>tablePrefix</var> class variable.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $sql     The SQL statement to prepare.
	 * @param   string  $prefix  The common table prefix.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The processed SQL statement.
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 */
	public function replacePrefix($sql, $prefix = '#__')
	{
		$sql = trim($sql);

		if (strpos($sql, '\''))
		{
			// Sequence name quoted with ' ' but need to be replaced
			if (strpos($sql, 'currval'))
			{
				$sql = explode('currval', $sql);

				for ($nIndex = 1, $nIndexMax = count($sql); $nIndex < $nIndexMax;
$nIndex += 2)
				{
					$sql[$nIndex] = str_replace($prefix, $this->tablePrefix,
$sql[$nIndex]);
				}

				$sql = implode('currval', $sql);
			}

			// Sequence name quoted with ' ' but need to be replaced
			if (strpos($sql, 'nextval'))
			{
				$sql = explode('nextval', $sql);

				for ($nIndex = 1, $nIndexMax = count($sql); $nIndex < $nIndexMax;
$nIndex += 2)
				{
					$sql[$nIndex] = str_replace($prefix, $this->tablePrefix,
$sql[$nIndex]);
				}

				$sql = implode('nextval', $sql);
			}

			// Sequence name quoted with ' ' but need to be replaced
			if (strpos($sql, 'setval'))
			{
				$sql = explode('setval', $sql);

				for ($nIndex = 1, $nIndexMax = count($sql); $nIndex < $nIndexMax;
$nIndex += 2)
				{
					$sql[$nIndex] = str_replace($prefix, $this->tablePrefix,
$sql[$nIndex]);
				}

				$sql = implode('setval', $sql);
			}

			$explodedQuery = explode('\'', $sql);

			for ($nIndex = 0, $nIndexMax = count($explodedQuery); $nIndex <
$nIndexMax; $nIndex += 2)
			{
				if (strpos($explodedQuery[$nIndex], $prefix))
				{
					$explodedQuery[$nIndex] = str_replace($prefix, $this->tablePrefix,
$explodedQuery[$nIndex]);
				}
			}

			$replacedQuery = implode('\'', $explodedQuery);
		}
		else
		{
			$replacedQuery = str_replace($prefix, $this->tablePrefix, $sql);
		}

		return $replacedQuery;
	}

	/**
	 * Unlocks tables in the database, this command does not exist in
PostgreSQL, it is automatically done on commit or rollback.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriverPgsql  Returns this object to support chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 * @throws  \RuntimeException
	 */
	public function unlockTables()
	{
		$this->transactionCommit();

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Updates a row in a table based on an object's properties.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $table    The name of the database table to update.
	 * @param   object   &$object  A reference to an object whose public
properties match the table fields.
	 * @param   array    $key      The name of the primary key.
	 * @param   boolean  $nulls    True to update null fields or false to
ignore them.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 * @throws  \RuntimeException
	 */
	public function updateObject($table, &$object, $key, $nulls = false)
	{
		$columns = $this->getTableColumns($table);
		$fields  = array();
		$where   = array();

		if (is_string($key))
		{
			$key = array($key);
		}

		if (is_object($key))
		{
			$key = (array) $key;
		}

		// Create the base update statement.
		$statement = 'UPDATE ' . $this->quoteName($table) . '
SET %s WHERE %s';

		// Iterate over the object variables to build the query fields/value
pairs.
		foreach (get_object_vars($object) as $k => $v)
		{
			// Skip columns that don't exist in the table.
			if (! array_key_exists($k, $columns))
			{
				continue;
			}

			// Only process scalars that are not internal fields.
			if (is_array($v) || is_object($v) || $k[0] === '_')
			{
				continue;
			}

			// Set the primary key to the WHERE clause instead of a field to update.
			if (in_array($k, $key, true))
			{
				$key_val = $this->sqlValue($columns, $k, $v);
				$where[] = $this->quoteName($k) . '=' . $key_val;
				continue;
			}

			// Prepare and sanitize the fields and values for the database query.
			if ($v === null)
			{
				// If the value is null and we do not want to update nulls then ignore
this field.
				if (!$nulls)
				{
					continue;
				}

				// If the value is null and we want to update nulls then set it.
				$val = 'NULL';
			}
			else
			// The field is not null so we prep it for update.
			{
				$val = $this->sqlValue($columns, $k, $v);
			}

			// Add the field to be updated.
			$fields[] = $this->quoteName($k) . '=' . $val;
		}

		// We don't have any fields to update.
		if (empty($fields))
		{
			return true;
		}

		// Set the query and execute the update.
		$this->setQuery(sprintf($statement, implode(',', $fields),
implode(' AND ', $where)));

		return $this->execute();
	}

	/**
	 * Quotes a binary string to database requirements for use in database
queries.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $data  A binary string to quote.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The binary quoted input string.
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.12
	 */
	public function quoteBinary($data)
	{
		return "decode('" . bin2hex($data) . "',
'hex')";
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * PostgreSQL database driver
 *
 * @since       3.0.0
 * @deprecated  4.0  Use PDO PostgreSQL instead
 */
class JDatabaseDriverPostgresql extends JDatabaseDriver
{
	/**
	 * The database driver name
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	public $name = 'postgresql';

	/**
	 * The type of the database server family supported by this driver.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  CMS 3.5.0
	 */
	public $serverType = 'postgresql';

	/**
	 * Quote for named objects
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	protected $nameQuote = '"';

	/**
	 * The null/zero date string
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	protected $nullDate = '1970-01-01 00:00:00';

	/**
	 * The minimum supported database version.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	protected static $dbMinimum = '8.3.18';

	/**
	 * Operator used for concatenation
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	protected $concat_operator = '||';

	/**
	 * JDatabaseDriverPostgresqlQuery object returned by getQuery
	 *
	 * @var    JDatabaseQueryPostgresql
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	protected $queryObject = null;

	/**
	 * Database object constructor
	 *
	 * @param   array  $options  List of options used to configure the
connection
	 *
	 * @since	3.0.0
	 */
	public function __construct($options)
	{
		$options['host'] = (isset($options['host'])) ?
$options['host'] : 'localhost';
		$options['user'] = (isset($options['user'])) ?
$options['user'] : '';
		$options['password'] = (isset($options['password']))
? $options['password'] : '';
		$options['database'] = (isset($options['database']))
? $options['database'] : '';
		$options['port'] = (isset($options['port'])) ?
$options['port'] : null;

		// Finalize initialization
		parent::__construct($options);
	}

	/**
	 * Connects to the database if needed.
	 *
	 * @return  void  Returns void if the database connected successfully.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function connect()
	{
		if ($this->connection)
		{
			return;
		}

		// Make sure the postgresql extension for PHP is installed and enabled.
		if (!self::isSupported())
		{
			throw new JDatabaseExceptionUnsupported('The pgsql extension for
PHP is not installed or enabled.');
		}

		/*
		 * pg_connect() takes the port as separate argument. Therefore, we
		 * have to extract it from the host string (if provided).
		 */

		// Check for empty port
		if (!$this->options['port'])
		{
			// Port is empty or not set via options, check for port annotation (:)
in the host string
			$tmp = substr(strstr($this->options['host'],
':'), 1);

			if (!empty($tmp))
			{
				// Get the port number
				if (is_numeric($tmp))
				{
					$this->options['port'] = $tmp;
				}

				// Extract the host name
				$this->options['host'] =
substr($this->options['host'], 0,
strlen($this->options['host']) - (strlen($tmp) + 1));

				// This will take care of the following notation: ":5432"
				if ($this->options['host'] === '')
				{
					$this->options['host'] = 'localhost';
				}
			}
			// No port annotation (:) found, setting port to default PostgreSQL port
5432
			else
			{
				$this->options['port'] = '5432';
			}
		}

		// Build the DSN for the connection.
		$dsn = '';

		if (!empty($this->options['host']))
		{
			$dsn .= "host={$this->options['host']}
port={$this->options['port']} ";
		}

		$dsn .= "dbname={$this->options['database']}
user={$this->options['user']}
password={$this->options['password']}";

		// Attempt to connect to the server.
		if (!($this->connection = @pg_connect($dsn)))
		{
			throw new JDatabaseExceptionConnecting('Error connecting to PGSQL
database.');
		}

		pg_set_error_verbosity($this->connection, PGSQL_ERRORS_DEFAULT);
		pg_query($this->connection, 'SET
standard_conforming_strings=off');
		pg_query($this->connection, 'SET
escape_string_warning=off');
	}

	/**
	 * Disconnects the database.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function disconnect()
	{
		// Close the connection.
		if (is_resource($this->connection))
		{
			foreach ($this->disconnectHandlers as $h)
			{
				call_user_func_array($h, array( &$this));
			}

			pg_close($this->connection);
		}

		$this->connection = null;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to escape a string for usage in an SQL statement.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $text   The string to be escaped.
	 * @param   boolean  $extra  Optional parameter to provide extra escaping.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The escaped string.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function escape($text, $extra = false)
	{
		if (is_int($text))
		{
			return $text;
		}

		if (is_float($text))
		{
			// Force the dot as a decimal point.
			return str_replace(',', '.', $text);
		}

		$this->connect();

		$result = pg_escape_string($this->connection, $text);

		if ($extra)
		{
			$result = addcslashes($result, '%_');
		}

		return $result;
	}

	/**
	 * Test to see if the PostgreSQL connector is available
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success, false otherwise.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public static function test()
	{
		return function_exists('pg_connect');
	}

	/**
	 * Determines if the connection to the server is active.
	 *
	 * @return	boolean
	 *
	 * @since	3.0.0
	 */
	public function connected()
	{
		$this->connect();

		if (is_resource($this->connection))
		{
			return pg_ping($this->connection);
		}

		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Drops a table from the database.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $tableName  The name of the database table to drop.
	 * @param   boolean  $ifExists   Optionally specify that the table must
exist before it is dropped.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function dropTable($tableName, $ifExists = true)
	{
		$this->connect();

		$this->setQuery('DROP TABLE ' . ($ifExists ? 'IF EXISTS
' : '') . $this->quoteName($tableName));
		$this->execute();

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the number of affected rows by the last INSERT, UPDATE, REPLACE or
DELETE for the previous executed SQL statement.
	 *
	 * @return  integer  The number of affected rows in the previous operation
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getAffectedRows()
	{
		$this->connect();

		return pg_affected_rows($this->cursor);
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the database collation in use by sampling a text field of
a table in the database.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  The collation in use by the database or boolean false
if not supported.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getCollation()
	{
		$this->connect();

		$this->setQuery('SHOW LC_COLLATE');
		$array = $this->loadAssocList();

		return $array[0]['lc_collate'];
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the database connection collation, as reported by the
driver. If the connector doesn't support
	 * reporting this value please return an empty string.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 */
	public function getConnectionCollation()
	{
		return pg_client_encoding($this->connection);
	}

	/**
	 * Get the number of returned rows for the previous executed SQL
statement.
	 * This command is only valid for statements like SELECT or SHOW that
return an actual result set.
	 * To retrieve the number of rows affected by an INSERT, UPDATE, REPLACE
or DELETE query, use getAffectedRows().
	 *
	 * @param   resource  $cur  An optional database cursor resource to
extract the row count from.
	 *
	 * @return  integer   The number of returned rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getNumRows($cur = null)
	{
		$this->connect();

		return pg_num_rows((int) $cur ? $cur : $this->cursor);
	}

	/**
	 * Get the current or query, or new JDatabaseQuery object.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $new    False to return the last query set, True to
return a new JDatabaseQuery object.
	 * @param   boolean  $asObj  False to return last query as string, true to
get JDatabaseQueryPostgresql object.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseQuery  The current query object or a new object
extending the JDatabaseQuery class.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getQuery($new = false, $asObj = false)
	{
		if ($new)
		{
			$this->queryObject = new JDatabaseQueryPostgresql($this);

			return $this->queryObject;
		}
		else
		{
			if ($asObj)
			{
				return $this->queryObject;
			}
			else
			{
				return $this->sql;
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Shows the table CREATE statement that creates the given tables.
	 *
	 * This is unsupported by PostgreSQL.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $tables  A table name or a list of table names.
	 *
	 * @return  string  An empty char because this function is not supported
by PostgreSQL.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getTableCreate($tables)
	{
		return '';
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieves field information about a given table.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $table     The name of the database table. For
PostgreSQL may start with a schema.
	 * @param   boolean  $typeOnly  True to only return field types.
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of fields for the database table.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getTableColumns($table, $typeOnly = true)
	{
		$this->connect();

		$result = array();
		$tableSub = $this->replacePrefix($table);
		$fn = explode('.', $tableSub);

		if (count($fn) === 2)
		{
			$schema = $fn[0];
			$tableSub = $fn[1];
		}
		else
		{
			$schema = $this->getDefaultSchema();
		}

		$this->setQuery('
			SELECT a.attname AS "column_name",
				pg_catalog.format_type(a.atttypid, a.atttypmod) as "type",
				CASE WHEN a.attnotnull IS TRUE
					THEN \'NO\'
					ELSE \'YES\'
				END AS "null",
				CASE WHEN pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(adef.adbin, adef.adrelid, true) IS NOT
NULL
					THEN pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(adef.adbin, adef.adrelid, true)
				END as "Default",
				CASE WHEN pg_catalog.col_description(a.attrelid, a.attnum) IS NULL
				THEN \'\'
				ELSE pg_catalog.col_description(a.attrelid, a.attnum)
				END  AS "comments"
			FROM pg_catalog.pg_attribute a
			LEFT JOIN pg_catalog.pg_attrdef adef ON a.attrelid=adef.adrelid AND
a.attnum=adef.adnum
			LEFT JOIN pg_catalog.pg_type t ON a.atttypid=t.oid
			WHERE a.attrelid =
				(SELECT oid FROM pg_catalog.pg_class WHERE relname=' .
$this->quote($tableSub) . '
					AND relnamespace = (SELECT oid FROM pg_catalog.pg_namespace WHERE
					nspname = ' . $this->quote($schema) . ')
				)
			AND a.attnum > 0 AND NOT a.attisdropped
			ORDER BY a.attnum'
		);

		$fields = $this->loadObjectList();

		if ($typeOnly)
		{
			foreach ($fields as $field)
			{
				$result[$field->column_name] = preg_replace('/[(0-9)]/',
'', $field->type);
			}
		}
		else
		{
			foreach ($fields as $field)
			{
				if (stristr(strtolower($field->type), 'character
varying'))
				{
					$field->Default = '';
				}

				if (stristr(strtolower($field->type), 'text'))
				{
					$field->Default = '';
				}
				// Do some dirty translation to MySQL output.
				// TODO: Come up with and implement a standard across databases.
				$result[$field->column_name] = (object) array(
					'column_name' => $field->column_name,
					'type' => $field->type,
					'null' => $field->null,
					'Default' => $field->Default,
					'comments' => '',
					'Field' => $field->column_name,
					'Type' => $field->type,
					'Null' => $field->null,
					// TODO: Improve query above to return primary key info as well
					// 'Key' => ($field->PK == '1' ?
'PRI' : '')
				);
			}
		}

		/* Change Postgresql's NULL::* type with PHP's null one */
		foreach ($fields as $field)
		{
			if (preg_match('/^NULL::*/', $field->Default))
			{
				$field->Default = null;
			}
		}

		return $result;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the details list of keys for a table.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table  The name of the table.
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of the column specification for the table.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getTableKeys($table)
	{
		$this->connect();

		// To check if table exists and prevent SQL injection
		$tableList = $this->getTableList();

		if (in_array($table, $tableList))
		{
			// Get the details columns information.
			$this->setQuery('
				SELECT indexname AS "idxName", indisprimary AS
"isPrimary", indisunique  AS "isUnique",
					CASE WHEN indisprimary = true THEN
						( SELECT \'ALTER TABLE \' || tablename || \' ADD
\' || pg_catalog.pg_get_constraintdef(const.oid, true)
							FROM pg_constraint AS const WHERE const.conname=
pgClassFirst.relname )
					ELSE pg_catalog.pg_get_indexdef(indexrelid, 0, true)
					END AS "Query"
				FROM pg_indexes
				LEFT JOIN pg_class AS pgClassFirst ON indexname=pgClassFirst.relname
				LEFT JOIN pg_index AS pgIndex ON pgClassFirst.oid=pgIndex.indexrelid
				WHERE tablename=' . $this->quote($table) . ' ORDER BY
indkey'
			);

			$keys = $this->loadObjectList();

			return $keys;
		}

		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get an array of all tables in the database.
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of all the tables in the database.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getTableList()
	{
		$this->connect();

		$query = $this->getQuery(true)
			->select('table_name')
			->from('information_schema.tables')
			->where('table_type=' . $this->quote('BASE
TABLE'))
			->where('table_schema NOT IN (' .
$this->quote('pg_catalog') . ', ' .
$this->quote('information_schema') . ')')
			->order('table_name ASC');

		$this->setQuery($query);
		$tables = $this->loadColumn();

		return $tables;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the details list of sequences for a table.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table  The name of the table.
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of sequences specification for the table.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getTableSequences($table)
	{
		$this->connect();

		// To check if table exists and prevent SQL injection
		$tableList = $this->getTableList();

		if (in_array($table, $tableList))
		{
			$name = array(
				's.relname', 'n.nspname', 't.relname',
'a.attname', 'info.data_type',
'info.minimum_value', 'info.maximum_value',
				'info.increment', 'info.cycle_option',
			);
			$as = array('sequence', 'schema', 'table',
'column', 'data_type', 'minimum_value',
'maximum_value', 'increment',
'cycle_option');

			if (version_compare($this->getVersion(), '9.1.0') >= 0)
			{
				$name[] .= 'info.start_value';
				$as[] .= 'start_value';
			}

			// Get the details columns information.
			$query = $this->getQuery(true)
				->select($this->quoteName($name, $as))
				->from('pg_class AS s')
				->join('LEFT', "pg_depend d ON d.objid=s.oid AND
d.classid='pg_class'::regclass AND
d.refclassid='pg_class'::regclass")
				->join('LEFT', 'pg_class t ON t.oid=d.refobjid')
				->join('LEFT', 'pg_namespace n ON
n.oid=t.relnamespace')
				->join('LEFT', 'pg_attribute a ON a.attrelid=t.oid
AND a.attnum=d.refobjsubid')
				->join('LEFT', 'information_schema.sequences AS info
ON info.sequence_name=s.relname')
				->where("s.relkind='S' AND d.deptype='a'
AND t.relname=" . $this->quote($table));
			$this->setQuery($query);
			$seq = $this->loadObjectList();

			return $seq;
		}

		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the version of the database connector.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The database connector version.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getVersion()
	{
		$this->connect();
		$version = pg_version($this->connection);

		return $version['server'];
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the auto-incremented value from the last INSERT
statement.
	 * To be called after the INSERT statement, it's MANDATORY to have a
sequence on
	 * every primary key table.
	 *
	 * To get the auto incremented value it's possible to call this
function after
	 * INSERT INTO query, or use INSERT INTO with RETURNING clause.
	 *
	 * @example with insertid() call:
	 *		$query = $this->getQuery(true)
	 *			->insert('jos_dbtest')
	 *			->columns('title,start_date,description')
	
*			->values("'testTitle2nd','1971-01-01','testDescription2nd'");
	 *		$this->setQuery($query);
	 *		$this->execute();
	 *		$id = $this->insertid();
	 *
	 * @example with RETURNING clause:
	 *		$query = $this->getQuery(true)
	 *			->insert('jos_dbtest')
	 *			->columns('title,start_date,description')
	
*			->values("'testTitle2nd','1971-01-01','testDescription2nd'")
	 *			->returning('id');
	 *		$this->setQuery($query);
	 *		$id = $this->loadResult();
	 *
	 * @return  integer  The value of the auto-increment field from the last
inserted row.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function insertid()
	{
		$this->connect();
		$insertQuery = $this->getQuery(false, true);
		$table = $insertQuery->__get('insert')->getElements();

		/* find sequence column name */
		$colNameQuery = $this->getQuery(true);
		$colNameQuery->select('column_default')
			->from('information_schema.columns')
			->where('table_name=' .
$this->quote($this->replacePrefix(str_replace('"',
'', $table[0]))), 'AND')
			->where("column_default LIKE '%nextval%'");

		$this->setQuery($colNameQuery);
		$colName = $this->loadRow();
		$changedColName = str_replace('nextval', 'currval',
$colName);

		$insertidQuery = $this->getQuery(true);
		$insertidQuery->select($changedColName);
		$this->setQuery($insertidQuery);
		$insertVal = $this->loadRow();

		return $insertVal[0];
	}

	/**
	 * Locks a table in the database.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $tableName  The name of the table to unlock.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriverPostgresql  Returns this object to support
chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function lockTable($tableName)
	{
		$this->transactionStart();
		$this->setQuery('LOCK TABLE ' .
$this->quoteName($tableName) . ' IN ACCESS EXCLUSIVE
MODE')->execute();

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Execute the SQL statement.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  A database cursor resource on success, boolean false on
failure.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function execute()
	{
		$this->connect();

		// Take a local copy so that we don't modify the original query and
cause issues later
		$query = $this->replacePrefix((string) $this->sql);

		if (!($this->sql instanceof JDatabaseQuery) &&
($this->limit > 0 || $this->offset > 0))
		{
			$query .= ' LIMIT ' . $this->limit . ' OFFSET ' .
$this->offset;
		}

		if (!is_resource($this->connection))
		{
			JLog::add(JText::sprintf('JLIB_DATABASE_QUERY_FAILED',
$this->errorNum, $this->errorMsg), JLog::ERROR,
'database');
			throw new JDatabaseExceptionExecuting($query, $this->errorMsg,
$this->errorNum);
		}

		// Increment the query counter.
		$this->count++;

		// Reset the error values.
		$this->errorNum = 0;
		$this->errorMsg = '';

		// If debugging is enabled then let's log the query.
		if ($this->debug)
		{
			// Add the query to the object queue.
			$this->log[] = $query;

			JLog::add($query, JLog::DEBUG, 'databasequery');

			$this->timings[] = microtime(true);

			if (is_object($this->cursor))
			{
				// Avoid warning if result already freed by third-party library
				@$this->freeResult();
			}

			$memoryBefore = memory_get_usage();
		}

		// Execute the query. Error suppression is used here to prevent
warnings/notices that the connection has been lost.
		$this->cursor = @pg_query($this->connection, $query);

		if ($this->debug)
		{
			$this->timings[] = microtime(true);

			if (defined('DEBUG_BACKTRACE_IGNORE_ARGS'))
			{
				$this->callStacks[] = debug_backtrace(DEBUG_BACKTRACE_IGNORE_ARGS);
			}
			else
			{
				$this->callStacks[] = debug_backtrace();
			}

			$this->callStacks[count($this->callStacks) -
1][0]['memory'] = array(
				$memoryBefore,
				memory_get_usage(),
				is_resource($this->cursor) ? $this->getNumRows($this->cursor)
: null,
			);
		}

		// If an error occurred handle it.
		if (!$this->cursor)
		{
			// Get the error number and message before we execute any more queries.
			$errorNum = $this->getErrorNumber();
			$errorMsg = $this->getErrorMessage();

			// Check if the server was disconnected.
			if (!$this->connected())
			{
				try
				{
					// Attempt to reconnect.
					$this->connection = null;
					$this->connect();
				}
				// If connect fails, ignore that exception and throw the normal
exception.
				catch (RuntimeException $e)
				{
					$this->errorNum = $this->getErrorNumber();
					$this->errorMsg = $this->getErrorMessage();

					// Throw the normal query exception.
					JLog::add(JText::sprintf('JLIB_DATABASE_QUERY_FAILED',
$this->errorNum, $this->errorMsg), JLog::ERROR,
'database-error');

					throw new JDatabaseExceptionExecuting($query, $this->errorMsg,
null, $e);
				}

				// Since we were able to reconnect, run the query again.
				return $this->execute();
			}
			// The server was not disconnected.
			else
			{
				// Get the error number and message from before we tried to reconnect.
				$this->errorNum = $errorNum;
				$this->errorMsg = $errorMsg;

				// Throw the normal query exception.
				JLog::add(JText::sprintf('JLIB_DATABASE_QUERY_FAILED',
$this->errorNum, $this->errorMsg), JLog::ERROR,
'database-error');

				throw new JDatabaseExceptionExecuting($query, $this->errorMsg);
			}
		}

		return $this->cursor;
	}

	/**
	 * Renames a table in the database.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $oldTable  The name of the table to be renamed
	 * @param   string  $newTable  The new name for the table.
	 * @param   string  $backup    Not used by PostgreSQL.
	 * @param   string  $prefix    Not used by PostgreSQL.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriverPostgresql  Returns this object to support
chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function renameTable($oldTable, $newTable, $backup = null, $prefix
= null)
	{
		$this->connect();

		// To check if table exists and prevent SQL injection
		$tableList = $this->getTableList();

		// Origin Table does not exist
		if (!in_array($oldTable, $tableList))
		{
			// Origin Table not found
			throw new RuntimeException('Table not found in Postgresql
database.');
		}
		else
		{
			/* Rename indexes */
			$this->setQuery(
				'SELECT relname
					FROM pg_class
					WHERE oid IN (
						SELECT indexrelid
						FROM pg_index, pg_class
						WHERE pg_class.relname=' . $this->quote($oldTable, true) .
'
						AND pg_class.oid=pg_index.indrelid );'
			);

			$oldIndexes = $this->loadColumn();

			foreach ($oldIndexes as $oldIndex)
			{
				$changedIdxName = str_replace($oldTable, $newTable, $oldIndex);
				$this->setQuery('ALTER INDEX ' .
$this->escape($oldIndex) . ' RENAME TO ' .
$this->escape($changedIdxName));
				$this->execute();
			}

			/* Rename sequence */
			$this->setQuery(
				'SELECT relname
					FROM pg_class
					WHERE relkind = \'S\'
					AND relnamespace IN (
						SELECT oid
						FROM pg_namespace
						WHERE nspname NOT LIKE \'pg_%\'
						AND nspname != \'information_schema\'
					)
					AND relname LIKE \'%' . $oldTable . '%\' ;'
			);

			$oldSequences = $this->loadColumn();

			foreach ($oldSequences as $oldSequence)
			{
				$changedSequenceName = str_replace($oldTable, $newTable, $oldSequence);
				$this->setQuery('ALTER SEQUENCE ' .
$this->escape($oldSequence) . ' RENAME TO ' .
$this->escape($changedSequenceName));
				$this->execute();
			}

			/* Rename table */
			$this->setQuery('ALTER TABLE ' .
$this->escape($oldTable) . ' RENAME TO ' .
$this->escape($newTable));
			$this->execute();
		}

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Selects the database, but redundant for PostgreSQL
	 *
	 * @param   string  $database  Database name to select.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  Always true
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function select($database)
	{
		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Custom settings for UTF support
	 *
	 * @return  integer  Zero on success, -1 on failure
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function setUtf()
	{
		$this->connect();

		if (!function_exists('pg_set_client_encoding'))
		{
			return -1;
		}

		return pg_set_client_encoding($this->connection, 'UTF8');
	}

	/**
	 * This function return a field value as a prepared string to be used in a
SQL statement.
	 *
	 * @param   array   $columns     Array of table's column returned by
::getTableColumns.
	 * @param   string  $fieldName   The table field's name.
	 * @param   string  $fieldValue  The variable value to quote and return.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The quoted string.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function sqlValue($columns, $fieldName, $fieldValue)
	{
		switch ($columns[$fieldName])
		{
			case 'boolean':
				$val = 'NULL';

				if ($fieldValue == 't')
				{
					$val = 'TRUE';
				}
				elseif ($fieldValue == 'f')
				{
					$val = 'FALSE';
				}

				break;

			case 'bigint':
			case 'bigserial':
			case 'integer':
			case 'money':
			case 'numeric':
			case 'real':
			case 'smallint':
			case 'serial':
			case 'numeric,':
				$val = strlen($fieldValue) == 0 ? 'NULL' : $fieldValue;
				break;

			case 'date':
			case 'timestamp without time zone':
				if (empty($fieldValue))
				{
					$fieldValue = $this->getNullDate();
				}

				$val = $this->quote($fieldValue);
				break;

			default:
				$val = $this->quote($fieldValue);
				break;
		}

		return $val;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to commit a transaction.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $toSavepoint  If true, commit to the last savepoint.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function transactionCommit($toSavepoint = false)
	{
		$this->connect();

		if (!$toSavepoint || $this->transactionDepth <= 1)
		{
			if ($this->setQuery('COMMIT')->execute())
			{
				$this->transactionDepth = 0;
			}

			return;
		}

		$this->transactionDepth--;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to roll back a transaction.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $toSavepoint  If true, rollback to the last
savepoint.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function transactionRollback($toSavepoint = false)
	{
		$this->connect();

		if (!$toSavepoint || $this->transactionDepth <= 1)
		{
			if ($this->setQuery('ROLLBACK')->execute())
			{
				$this->transactionDepth = 0;
			}

			return;
		}

		$savepoint = 'SP_' . ($this->transactionDepth - 1);
		$this->setQuery('ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT ' .
$this->quoteName($savepoint));

		if ($this->execute())
		{
			$this->transactionDepth--;
			$this->setQuery('RELEASE SAVEPOINT ' .
$this->quoteName($savepoint))->execute();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Method to initialize a transaction.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $asSavepoint  If true and a transaction is already
active, a savepoint will be created.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function transactionStart($asSavepoint = false)
	{
		$this->connect();

		if (!$asSavepoint || !$this->transactionDepth)
		{
			if ($this->setQuery('START TRANSACTION')->execute())
			{
				$this->transactionDepth = 1;
			}

			return;
		}

		$savepoint = 'SP_' . $this->transactionDepth;
		$this->setQuery('SAVEPOINT ' .
$this->quoteName($savepoint));

		if ($this->execute())
		{
			$this->transactionDepth++;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Method to fetch a row from the result set cursor as an array.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $cursor  The optional result set cursor from which to
fetch the row.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  Either the next row from the result set or false if
there are no more rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function fetchArray($cursor = null)
	{
		return pg_fetch_row($cursor ? $cursor : $this->cursor);
	}

	/**
	 * Method to fetch a row from the result set cursor as an associative
array.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $cursor  The optional result set cursor from which to
fetch the row.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  Either the next row from the result set or false if
there are no more rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function fetchAssoc($cursor = null)
	{
		return pg_fetch_assoc($cursor ? $cursor : $this->cursor);
	}

	/**
	 * Method to fetch a row from the result set cursor as an object.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed   $cursor  The optional result set cursor from which to
fetch the row.
	 * @param   string  $class   The class name to use for the returned row
object.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed   Either the next row from the result set or false if
there are no more rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function fetchObject($cursor = null, $class =
'stdClass')
	{
		return pg_fetch_object(is_null($cursor) ? $this->cursor : $cursor,
null, $class);
	}

	/**
	 * Method to free up the memory used for the result set.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $cursor  The optional result set cursor from which to
fetch the row.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function freeResult($cursor = null)
	{
		pg_free_result($cursor ? $cursor : $this->cursor);
	}

	/**
	 * Inserts a row into a table based on an object's properties.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table    The name of the database table to insert
into.
	 * @param   object  &$object  A reference to an object whose public
properties match the table fields.
	 * @param   string  $key      The name of the primary key. If provided the
object property is updated.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean    True on success.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function insertObject($table, &$object, $key = null)
	{
		$columns = $this->getTableColumns($table);

		$fields = array();
		$values = array();

		// Iterate over the object variables to build the query fields and
values.
		foreach (get_object_vars($object) as $k => $v)
		{
			// Only process non-null scalars.
			if (is_array($v) or is_object($v) or $v === null)
			{
				continue;
			}

			// Ignore any internal fields or primary keys with value 0.
			if (($k[0] == '_') || ($k == $key && (($v === 0) ||
($v === '0'))))
			{
				continue;
			}

			// Prepare and sanitize the fields and values for the database query.
			$fields[] = $this->quoteName($k);
			$values[] = $this->sqlValue($columns, $k, $v);
		}

		// Create the base insert statement.
		$query = $this->getQuery(true)
			->insert($this->quoteName($table))
			->columns($fields)
			->values(implode(',', $values));

		$retVal = false;

		if ($key)
		{
			$query->returning($key);

			// Set the query and execute the insert.
			$this->setQuery($query);

			$id = $this->loadResult();

			if ($id)
			{
				$object->$key = $id;
				$retVal = true;
			}
		}
		else
		{
			// Set the query and execute the insert.
			$this->setQuery($query);

			if ($this->execute())
			{
				$retVal = true;
			}
		}

		return $retVal;
	}

	/**
	 * Test to see if the PostgreSQL connector is available.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success, false otherwise.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public static function isSupported()
	{
		return function_exists('pg_connect');
	}

	/**
	 * Returns an array containing database's table list.
	 *
	 * @return  array  The database's table list.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function showTables()
	{
		$this->connect();

		$query = $this->getQuery(true)
			->select('table_name')
			->from('information_schema.tables')
			->where('table_type = ' . $this->quote('BASE
TABLE'))
			->where('table_schema NOT IN (' .
$this->quote('pg_catalog') . ', ' .
$this->quote('information_schema') . ' )');

		$this->setQuery($query);
		$tableList = $this->loadColumn();

		return $tableList;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the substring position inside a string
	 *
	 * @param   string  $substring  The string being sought
	 * @param   string  $string     The string/column being searched
	 *
	 * @return  integer  The position of $substring in $string
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getStringPositionSql($substring, $string)
	{
		$this->connect();

		$query = "SELECT POSITION( $substring IN $string )";
		$this->setQuery($query);
		$position = $this->loadRow();

		return $position['position'];
	}

	/**
	 * Generate a random value
	 *
	 * @return  float  The random generated number
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getRandom()
	{
		$this->connect();

		$this->setQuery('SELECT RANDOM()');
		$random = $this->loadAssoc();

		return $random['random'];
	}

	/**
	 * Get the query string to alter the database character set.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $dbName  The database name
	 *
	 * @return  string  The query that alter the database query string
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getAlterDbCharacterSet($dbName)
	{
		$query = 'ALTER DATABASE ' . $this->quoteName($dbName) .
' SET CLIENT_ENCODING TO ' . $this->quote('UTF8');

		return $query;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the query string to create new Database in correct PostgreSQL
syntax.
	 *
	 * @param   object   $options  object coming from "initialise"
function to pass user and database name to database driver.
	 * @param   boolean  $utf      True if the database supports the UTF-8
character set, not used in PostgreSQL "CREATE DATABASE" query.
	 *
	 * @return  string	The query that creates database, owned by
$options['user']
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getCreateDbQuery($options, $utf)
	{
		$query = 'CREATE DATABASE ' .
$this->quoteName($options->db_name) . ' OWNER ' .
$this->quoteName($options->db_user);

		if ($utf)
		{
			$query .= ' ENCODING ' . $this->quote('UTF-8');
		}

		return $query;
	}

	/**
	 * This function replaces a string identifier
<var>$prefix</var> with the string held is the
	 * <var>tablePrefix</var> class variable.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $query   The SQL statement to prepare.
	 * @param   string  $prefix  The common table prefix.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The processed SQL statement.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function replacePrefix($query, $prefix = '#__')
	{
		$query = trim($query);

		if (strpos($query, '\''))
		{
			// Sequence name quoted with ' ' but need to be replaced
			if (strpos($query, 'currval'))
			{
				$query = explode('currval', $query);

				for ($nIndex = 1, $nIndexMax = count($query); $nIndex < $nIndexMax;
$nIndex += 2)
				{
					$query[$nIndex] = str_replace($prefix, $this->tablePrefix,
$query[$nIndex]);
				}

				$query = implode('currval', $query);
			}

			// Sequence name quoted with ' ' but need to be replaced
			if (strpos($query, 'nextval'))
			{
				$query = explode('nextval', $query);

				for ($nIndex = 1, $nIndexMax = count($query); $nIndex < $nIndexMax;
$nIndex += 2)
				{
					$query[$nIndex] = str_replace($prefix, $this->tablePrefix,
$query[$nIndex]);
				}

				$query = implode('nextval', $query);
			}

			// Sequence name quoted with ' ' but need to be replaced
			if (strpos($query, 'setval'))
			{
				$query = explode('setval', $query);

				for ($nIndex = 1, $nIndexMax = count($query); $nIndex < $nIndexMax;
$nIndex += 2)
				{
					$query[$nIndex] = str_replace($prefix, $this->tablePrefix,
$query[$nIndex]);
				}

				$query = implode('setval', $query);
			}

			$explodedQuery = explode('\'', $query);

			for ($nIndex = 0, $nIndexMax = count($explodedQuery); $nIndex <
$nIndexMax; $nIndex += 2)
			{
				if (strpos($explodedQuery[$nIndex], $prefix))
				{
					$explodedQuery[$nIndex] = str_replace($prefix, $this->tablePrefix,
$explodedQuery[$nIndex]);
				}
			}

			$replacedQuery = implode('\'', $explodedQuery);
		}
		else
		{
			$replacedQuery = str_replace($prefix, $this->tablePrefix, $query);
		}

		return $replacedQuery;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to release a savepoint.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $savepointName  Savepoint's name to release
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function releaseTransactionSavepoint($savepointName)
	{
		$this->connect();
		$this->setQuery('RELEASE SAVEPOINT ' .
$this->quoteName($this->escape($savepointName)));
		$this->execute();
	}

	/**
	 * Method to create a savepoint.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $savepointName  Savepoint's name to create
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function transactionSavepoint($savepointName)
	{
		$this->connect();
		$this->setQuery('SAVEPOINT ' .
$this->quoteName($this->escape($savepointName)));
		$this->execute();
	}

	/**
	 * Unlocks tables in the database, this command does not exist in
PostgreSQL,
	 * it is automatically done on commit or rollback.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriverPostgresql  Returns this object to support
chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function unlockTables()
	{
		$this->transactionCommit();

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Updates a row in a table based on an object's properties.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $table    The name of the database table to update.
	 * @param   object   &$object  A reference to an object whose public
properties match the table fields.
	 * @param   array    $key      The name of the primary key.
	 * @param   boolean  $nulls    True to update null fields or false to
ignore them.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function updateObject($table, &$object, $key, $nulls = false)
	{
		$columns = $this->getTableColumns($table);
		$fields  = array();
		$where   = array();

		if (is_string($key))
		{
			$key = array($key);
		}

		if (is_object($key))
		{
			$key = (array) $key;
		}

		// Create the base update statement.
		$statement = 'UPDATE ' . $this->quoteName($table) . '
SET %s WHERE %s';

		// Iterate over the object variables to build the query fields/value
pairs.
		foreach (get_object_vars($object) as $k => $v)
		{
			// Only process scalars that are not internal fields.
			if (is_array($v) or is_object($v) or $k[0] == '_')
			{
				continue;
			}

			// Set the primary key to the WHERE clause instead of a field to update.
			if (in_array($k, $key))
			{
				$key_val = $this->sqlValue($columns, $k, $v);
				$where[] = $this->quoteName($k) . '=' . $key_val;
				continue;
			}

			// Prepare and sanitize the fields and values for the database query.
			if ($v === null)
			{
				// If the value is null and we want to update nulls then set it.
				if ($nulls)
				{
					$val = 'NULL';
				}
				// If the value is null and we do not want to update nulls then ignore
this field.
				else
				{
					continue;
				}
			}
			// The field is not null so we prep it for update.
			else
			{
				$val = $this->sqlValue($columns, $k, $v);
			}

			// Add the field to be updated.
			$fields[] = $this->quoteName($k) . '=' . $val;
		}

		// We don't have any fields to update.
		if (empty($fields))
		{
			return true;
		}

		// Set the query and execute the update.
		$this->setQuery(sprintf($statement, implode(',', $fields),
implode(' AND ', $where)));

		return $this->execute();
	}

	/**
	 * Return the actual SQL Error number
	 *
	 * @return  integer  The SQL Error number
	 *
	 * @since   3.4.6
	 *
	 * @throws  \JDatabaseExceptionExecuting  Thrown if the global cursor is
false indicating a query failed
	 */
	protected function getErrorNumber()
	{
		if ($this->cursor === false)
		{
			$this->errorMsg = pg_last_error($this->connection);

			throw new JDatabaseExceptionExecuting($this->sql,
$this->errorMsg);
		}

		return (int) pg_result_error_field($this->cursor, PGSQL_DIAG_SQLSTATE)
. ' ';
	}

	/**
	 * Return the actual SQL Error message
	 *
	 * @return  string  The SQL Error message
	 *
	 * @since   3.4.6
	 */
	protected function getErrorMessage()
	{
		$errorMessage = (string) pg_last_error($this->connection);

		// Replace the Databaseprefix with `#__` if we are not in Debug
		if (!$this->debug)
		{
			$errorMessage = str_replace($this->tablePrefix, '#__',
$errorMessage);
		}

		return $errorMessage;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the query strings to alter the character set and collation of a
table.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $tableName  The name of the table
	 *
	 * @return  string[]  The queries required to alter the table's
character set and collation
	 *
	 * @since   CMS 3.5.0
	 */
	public function getAlterTableCharacterSet($tableName)
	{
		return array();
	}

	/**
	 * Return the query string to create new Database.
	 * Each database driver, other than MySQL, need to override this member to
return correct string.
	 *
	 * @param   stdClass  $options  Object used to pass user and database name
to database driver.
	 *                   This object must have "db_name" and
"db_user" set.
	 * @param   boolean   $utf      True if the database supports the UTF-8
character set.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The query that creates database
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.1
	 */
	protected function getCreateDatabaseQuery($options, $utf)
	{
		return 'CREATE DATABASE ' .
$this->quoteName($options->db_name);
	}

	/**
	 * Quotes a binary string to database requirements for use in database
queries.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $data  A binary string to quote.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The binary quoted input string.
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.12
	 */
	public function quoteBinary($data)
	{
		return "decode('" . bin2hex($data) . "',
'hex')";
	}

	/**
	 * Internal function to get the name of the default schema for the current
PostgreSQL connection.
	 * That is the schema where tables are created by Joomla.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.24
	 */
	private function getDefaultSchema()
	{

		// Supported since PostgreSQL 7.3
		$this->setQuery('SELECT (current_schemas(false))[1]');
		return $this->loadResult();

	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * SQL Server database driver
 *
 * @link  
https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/documentation/services/sql-database/
 * @since  3.0.0
 */
class JDatabaseDriverSqlazure extends JDatabaseDriverSqlsrv
{
	/**
	 * The name of the database driver.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	public $name = 'sqlazure';
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * SQLite database driver
 *
 * @link   https://www.php.net/pdo
 * @since  3.0.0
 */
class JDatabaseDriverSqlite extends JDatabaseDriverPdo
{
	/**
	 * The name of the database driver.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	public $name = 'sqlite';

	/**
	 * The type of the database server family supported by this driver.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  CMS 3.5.0
	 */
	public $serverType = 'sqlite';

	/**
	 * The character(s) used to quote SQL statement names such as table names
or field names,
	 * etc. The child classes should define this as necessary.  If a single
character string the
	 * same character is used for both sides of the quoted name, else the
first character will be
	 * used for the opening quote and the second for the closing quote.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	protected $nameQuote = '`';

	/**
	 * Connects to the database if needed.
	 *
	 * @return  void  Returns void if the database connected successfully.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function connect()
	{
		if ($this->connection)
		{
			return;
		}

		parent::connect();

		$this->connection->sqliteCreateFunction(
			'ROW_NUMBER',
			function($init = null)
			{
				static $rownum, $partition;

				if ($init !== null)
				{
					$rownum = $init;
					$partition = null;

					return $rownum;
				}

				$args = func_get_args();
				array_shift($args);

				$partitionBy = $args ? implode(',', $args) : null;

				if ($partitionBy === null || $partitionBy === $partition)
				{
					$rownum++;
				}
				else
				{
					$rownum    = 1;
					$partition = $partitionBy;
				}

				return $rownum;
			}
		);
	}

	/**
	 * Disconnects the database.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function disconnect()
	{
		$this->freeResult();

		$this->connection = null;
	}

	/**
	 * Drops a table from the database.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $tableName  The name of the database table to drop.
	 * @param   boolean  $ifExists   Optionally specify that the table must
exist before it is dropped.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriverSqlite  Returns this object to support
chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function dropTable($tableName, $ifExists = true)
	{
		$this->connect();

		$query = $this->getQuery(true);

		$this->setQuery('DROP TABLE ' . ($ifExists ? 'IF EXISTS
' : '') . $query->quoteName($tableName));

		$this->execute();

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to escape a string for usage in an SQLite statement.
	 *
	 * Note: Using query objects with bound variables is
	 * preferable to the below.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $text   The string to be escaped.
	 * @param   boolean  $extra  Unused optional parameter to provide extra
escaping.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The escaped string.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function escape($text, $extra = false)
	{
		if (is_int($text))
		{
			return $text;
		}

		if (is_float($text))
		{
			// Force the dot as a decimal point.
			return str_replace(',', '.', $text);
		}

		return SQLite3::escapeString($text);
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the database collation in use by sampling a text field of
a table in the database.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  The collation in use by the database or boolean false
if not supported.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getCollation()
	{
		return $this->charset;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the database connection collation, as reported by the
driver. If the connector doesn't support
	 * reporting this value please return an empty string.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 */
	public function getConnectionCollation()
	{
		return $this->charset;
	}

	/**
	 * Shows the table CREATE statement that creates the given tables.
	 *
	 * Note: Doesn't appear to have support in SQLite
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $tables  A table name or a list of table names.
	 *
	 * @return  array  A list of the create SQL for the tables.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getTableCreate($tables)
	{
		$this->connect();

		// Sanitize input to an array and iterate over the list.
		settype($tables, 'array');

		return $tables;
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieves field information about a given table.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $table     The name of the database table.
	 * @param   boolean  $typeOnly  True to only return field types.
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of fields for the database table.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getTableColumns($table, $typeOnly = true)
	{
		$this->connect();

		$columns = array();
		$query = $this->getQuery(true);

		$fieldCasing = $this->getOption(PDO::ATTR_CASE);

		$this->setOption(PDO::ATTR_CASE, PDO::CASE_UPPER);

		$table = strtoupper($table);

		$query->setQuery('pragma table_info(' . $table .
')');

		$this->setQuery($query);
		$fields = $this->loadObjectList();

		if ($typeOnly)
		{
			foreach ($fields as $field)
			{
				$columns[$field->NAME] = $field->TYPE;
			}
		}
		else
		{
			foreach ($fields as $field)
			{
				// Do some dirty translation to MySQL output.
				// TODO: Come up with and implement a standard across databases.
				$columns[$field->NAME] = (object) array(
					'Field' => $field->NAME,
					'Type' => $field->TYPE,
					'Null' => ($field->NOTNULL == '1' ?
'NO' : 'YES'),
					'Default' => $field->DFLT_VALUE,
					'Key' => ($field->PK != '0' ?
'PRI' : ''),
				);
			}
		}

		$this->setOption(PDO::ATTR_CASE, $fieldCasing);

		return $columns;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the details list of keys for a table.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table  The name of the table.
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of the column specification for the table.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getTableKeys($table)
	{
		$this->connect();

		$keys = array();
		$query = $this->getQuery(true);

		$fieldCasing = $this->getOption(PDO::ATTR_CASE);

		$this->setOption(PDO::ATTR_CASE, PDO::CASE_UPPER);

		$table = strtoupper($table);
		$query->setQuery('pragma table_info( ' . $table .
')');

		// $query->bind(':tableName', $table);

		$this->setQuery($query);
		$rows = $this->loadObjectList();

		foreach ($rows as $column)
		{
			if ($column->PK == 1)
			{
				$keys[$column->NAME] = $column;
			}
		}

		$this->setOption(PDO::ATTR_CASE, $fieldCasing);

		return $keys;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get an array of all tables in the database (schema).
	 *
	 * @return  array   An array of all the tables in the database.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getTableList()
	{
		$this->connect();

		$type = 'table';

		$query = $this->getQuery(true)
			->select('name')
			->from('sqlite_master')
			->where('type = :type')
			->bind(':type', $type)
			->order('name');

		$this->setQuery($query);

		$tables = $this->loadColumn();

		return $tables;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the version of the database connector.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The database connector version.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getVersion()
	{
		$this->connect();

		$this->setQuery('SELECT sqlite_version()');

		return $this->loadResult();
	}

	/**
	 * Select a database for use.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $database  The name of the database to select for use.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if the database was successfully selected.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function select($database)
	{
		$this->connect();

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Set the connection to use UTF-8 character encoding.
	 *
	 * Returns false automatically for the Oracle driver since
	 * you can only set the character set when the connection
	 * is created.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function setUtf()
	{
		$this->connect();

		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Locks a table in the database.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table  The name of the table to unlock.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriverSqlite  Returns this object to support
chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function lockTable($table)
	{
		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Renames a table in the database.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $oldTable  The name of the table to be renamed
	 * @param   string  $newTable  The new name for the table.
	 * @param   string  $backup    Not used by Sqlite.
	 * @param   string  $prefix    Not used by Sqlite.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriverSqlite  Returns this object to support
chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function renameTable($oldTable, $newTable, $backup = null, $prefix
= null)
	{
		$this->setQuery('ALTER TABLE ' . $oldTable . ' RENAME
TO ' . $newTable)->execute();

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Unlocks tables in the database.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriverSqlite  Returns this object to support
chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function unlockTables()
	{
		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Test to see if the PDO ODBC connector is available.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success, false otherwise.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public static function isSupported()
	{
		return class_exists('PDO') &&
in_array('sqlite', PDO::getAvailableDrivers());
	}

	/**
	 * Method to commit a transaction.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $toSavepoint  If true, commit to the last savepoint.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.1.4
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function transactionCommit($toSavepoint = false)
	{
		$this->connect();

		if (!$toSavepoint || $this->transactionDepth <= 1)
		{
			parent::transactionCommit($toSavepoint);
		}
		else
		{
			$this->transactionDepth--;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Method to roll back a transaction.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $toSavepoint  If true, rollback to the last
savepoint.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.1.4
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function transactionRollback($toSavepoint = false)
	{
		$this->connect();

		if (!$toSavepoint || $this->transactionDepth <= 1)
		{
			parent::transactionRollback($toSavepoint);
		}
		else
		{
			$savepoint = 'SP_' . ($this->transactionDepth - 1);
			$this->setQuery('ROLLBACK TO ' .
$this->quoteName($savepoint));

			if ($this->execute())
			{
				$this->transactionDepth--;
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Method to initialize a transaction.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $asSavepoint  If true and a transaction is already
active, a savepoint will be created.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.1.4
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function transactionStart($asSavepoint = false)
	{
		$this->connect();

		if (!$asSavepoint || !$this->transactionDepth)
		{
			parent::transactionStart($asSavepoint);
		}

		$savepoint = 'SP_' . $this->transactionDepth;
		$this->setQuery('SAVEPOINT ' .
$this->quoteName($savepoint));

		if ($this->execute())
		{
			$this->transactionDepth++;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Get the query strings to alter the character set and collation of a
table.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $tableName  The name of the table
	 *
	 * @return  string[]  The queries required to alter the table's
character set and collation
	 *
	 * @since   CMS 3.5.0
	 */
	public function getAlterTableCharacterSet($tableName)
	{
		return array();
	}

	/**
	 * Return the query string to create new Database.
	 * Each database driver, other than MySQL, need to override this member to
return correct string.
	 *
	 * @param   stdClass  $options  Object used to pass user and database name
to database driver.
	 *                   This object must have "db_name" and
"db_user" set.
	 * @param   boolean   $utf      True if the database supports the UTF-8
character set.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The query that creates database
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.1
	 */
	protected function getCreateDatabaseQuery($options, $utf)
	{
		return 'CREATE DATABASE ' .
$this->quoteName($options->db_name);
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * SQL Server database driver
 *
 * @link   https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc296152(SQL.90).aspx
 * @since  3.0.0
 */
class JDatabaseDriverSqlsrv extends JDatabaseDriver
{
	/**
	 * The name of the database driver.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	public $name = 'sqlsrv';

	/**
	 * The type of the database server family supported by this driver.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  CMS 3.5.0
	 */
	public $serverType = 'mssql';

	/**
	 * The character(s) used to quote SQL statement names such as table names
or field names,
	 * etc.  The child classes should define this as necessary.  If a single
character string the
	 * same character is used for both sides of the quoted name, else the
first character will be
	 * used for the opening quote and the second for the closing quote.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	protected $nameQuote = '[]';

	/**
	 * The null or zero representation of a timestamp for the database driver.
 This should be
	 * defined in child classes to hold the appropriate value for the engine.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	protected $nullDate = '1900-01-01 00:00:00';

	/**
	 * @var    string  The minimum supported database version.
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	protected static $dbMinimum = '10.50.1600.1';

	/**
	 * Test to see if the SQLSRV connector is available.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success, false otherwise.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public static function isSupported()
	{
		return function_exists('sqlsrv_connect');
	}

	/**
	 * Constructor.
	 *
	 * @param   array  $options  List of options used to configure the
connection
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function __construct($options)
	{
		// Get some basic values from the options.
		$options['host'] = (isset($options['host'])) ?
$options['host'] : 'localhost';
		$options['user'] = (isset($options['user'])) ?
$options['user'] : '';
		$options['password'] = (isset($options['password']))
? $options['password'] : '';
		$options['database'] = (isset($options['database']))
? $options['database'] : '';
		$options['select'] = (isset($options['select'])) ?
(bool) $options['select'] : true;

		// Finalize initialisation
		parent::__construct($options);
	}

	/**
	 * Connects to the database if needed.
	 *
	 * @return  void  Returns void if the database connected successfully.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function connect()
	{
		if ($this->connection)
		{
			return;
		}

		// Build the connection configuration array.
		$config = array(
			'Database' => $this->options['database'],
			'uid' => $this->options['user'],
			'pwd' => $this->options['password'],
			'CharacterSet' => 'UTF-8',
			'ReturnDatesAsStrings' => true,
		);

		// Make sure the SQLSRV extension for PHP is installed and enabled.
		if (!self::isSupported())
		{
			throw new JDatabaseExceptionUnsupported('The sqlsrv extension for
PHP is not installed or enabled..');
		}

		// Attempt to connect to the server.
		if (!($this->connection = @
sqlsrv_connect($this->options['host'], $config)))
		{
			throw new JDatabaseExceptionConnecting('Database sqlsrv_connect
failed, ' . print_r(sqlsrv_errors(), true));
		}

		// Make sure that DB warnings are not returned as errors.
		sqlsrv_configure('WarningsReturnAsErrors', 0);

		// If auto-select is enabled select the given database.
		if ($this->options['select'] &&
!empty($this->options['database']))
		{
			$this->select($this->options['database']);
		}

		// Set charactersets.
		$this->utf = $this->setUtf();

		// Set QUOTED_IDENTIFIER always ON
		sqlsrv_query($this->connection, 'SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON');
	}

	/**
	 * Disconnects the database.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function disconnect()
	{
		// Close the connection.
		if (is_resource($this->connection))
		{
			foreach ($this->disconnectHandlers as $h)
			{
				call_user_func_array($h, array( &$this));
			}

			sqlsrv_close($this->connection);
		}

		$this->connection = null;
	}

	/**
	 * Get table constraints
	 *
	 * @param   string  $tableName  The name of the database table.
	 *
	 * @return  array  Any constraints available for the table.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function getTableConstraints($tableName)
	{
		$this->connect();

		$query = $this->getQuery(true);

		$this->setQuery(
			'SELECT CONSTRAINT_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
WHERE TABLE_NAME = ' . $query->quote($tableName)
		);

		return $this->loadColumn();
	}

	/**
	 * Rename constraints.
	 *
	 * @param   array   $constraints  Array(strings) of table constraints
	 * @param   string  $prefix       A string
	 * @param   string  $backup       A string
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function renameConstraints($constraints = array(), $prefix =
null, $backup = null)
	{
		$this->connect();

		foreach ($constraints as $constraint)
		{
			$this->setQuery('sp_rename ' . $constraint . ','
. str_replace($prefix, $backup, $constraint));
			$this->execute();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Method to escape a string for usage in an SQL statement.
	 *
	 * The escaping for MSSQL isn't handled in the driver though that
would be nice.  Because of this we need
	 * to handle the escaping ourselves.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $text   The string to be escaped.
	 * @param   boolean  $extra  Optional parameter to provide extra escaping.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The escaped string.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function escape($text, $extra = false)
	{
		if (is_int($text))
		{
			return $text;
		}

		if (is_float($text))
		{
			// Force the dot as a decimal point.
			return str_replace(',', '.', $text);
		}

		$result = str_replace("'", "''",
$text);

		// SQL Server does not accept NULL byte in query string
		$result = str_replace("\0", "' + CHAR(0) +
N'", $result);

		// Fix for SQL Server escape sequence, see
https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/164291
		$result = str_replace(
			array("\\\n",     "\\\r",    
"\\\\\r\r\n"),
			array("\\\\\n\n", "\\\\\r\r",
"\\\\\r\n\r\n"),
			$result
		);

		if ($extra)
		{
			// Escape special chars
			$result = str_replace(
				array('[',   '_',   '%'),
				array('[[]', '[_]', '[%]'),
				$result
			);
		}

		return $result;
	}

	/**
	 * Quotes and optionally escapes a string to database requirements for use
in database queries.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed    $text    A string or an array of strings to quote.
	 * @param   boolean  $escape  True (default) to escape the string, false
to leave it unchanged.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The quoted input string.
	 *
	 * @note    Accepting an array of strings was added in 3.1.4.
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	public function quote($text, $escape = true)
	{
		if (is_array($text))
		{
			return parent::quote($text, $escape);
		}

		// To support unicode on MSSQL we have to add prefix N
		return 'N\'' . ($escape ? $this->escape($text) : $text)
. '\'';
	}

	/**
	 * Quotes a binary string to database requirements for use in database
queries.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $data  A binary string to quote.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The binary quoted input string.
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.12
	 */
	public function quoteBinary($data)
	{
		// ODBC syntax for hexadecimal literals
		return '0x' . bin2hex($data);
	}

	/**
	 * Determines if the connection to the server is active.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if connected to the database engine.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function connected()
	{
		// TODO: Run a blank query here
		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Drops a table from the database.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $tableName  The name of the database table to drop.
	 * @param   boolean  $ifExists   Optionally specify that the table must
exist before it is dropped.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriverSqlsrv  Returns this object to support
chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function dropTable($tableName, $ifExists = true)
	{
		$this->connect();

		$query = $this->getQuery(true);

		if ($ifExists)
		{
			$this->setQuery(
				'IF EXISTS(SELECT TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE
TABLE_NAME = ' . $query->quote($tableName) . ') DROP TABLE
' . $tableName
			);
		}
		else
		{
			$this->setQuery('DROP TABLE ' . $tableName);
		}

		$this->execute();

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the number of affected rows for the previous executed SQL
statement.
	 *
	 * @return  integer  The number of affected rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getAffectedRows()
	{
		$this->connect();

		return sqlsrv_rows_affected($this->cursor);
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the database collation in use by sampling a text field of
a table in the database.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  The collation in use by the database or boolean false
if not supported.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getCollation()
	{
		// TODO: Not fake this
		return 'MSSQL UTF-8 (UCS2)';
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the database connection collation, as reported by the
driver. If the connector doesn't support
	 * reporting this value please return an empty string.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 */
	public function getConnectionCollation()
	{
		// TODO: Not fake this
		return 'MSSQL UTF-8 (UCS2)';
	}

	/**
	 * Get the number of returned rows for the previous executed SQL
statement.
	 *
	 * @param   resource  $cursor  An optional database cursor resource to
extract the row count from.
	 *
	 * @return  integer   The number of returned rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getNumRows($cursor = null)
	{
		$this->connect();

		return sqlsrv_num_rows($cursor ? $cursor : $this->cursor);
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieves field information about the given tables.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed    $table     A table name
	 * @param   boolean  $typeOnly  True to only return field types.
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of fields.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getTableColumns($table, $typeOnly = true)
	{
		$result = array();

		$table_temp = $this->replacePrefix((string) $table);

		// Set the query to get the table fields statement.
		$this->setQuery(
			'SELECT column_name as Field, data_type as Type, is_nullable as
\'Null\', column_default as \'Default\'' .
			' FROM information_schema.columns WHERE table_name = ' .
$this->quote($table_temp)
		);
		$fields = $this->loadObjectList();

		// If we only want the type as the value add just that to the list.
		if ($typeOnly)
		{
			foreach ($fields as $field)
			{
				$result[$field->Field] = preg_replace('/[(0-9)]/',
'', $field->Type);
			}
		}
		// If we want the whole field data object add that to the list.
		else
		{
			foreach ($fields as $field)
			{
				$field->Default =
preg_replace("/(^(\(\(|\('|\(N'|\()|(('\)|(?<!\()\)\)|\))$))/i",
'', $field->Default);
				$result[$field->Field] = $field;
			}
		}

		return $result;
	}

	/**
	 * Shows the table CREATE statement that creates the given tables.
	 *
	 * This is unsupported by MSSQL.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $tables  A table name or a list of table names.
	 *
	 * @return  array  A list of the create SQL for the tables.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getTableCreate($tables)
	{
		$this->connect();

		return '';
	}

	/**
	 * Get the details list of keys for a table.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table  The name of the table.
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of the column specification for the table.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getTableKeys($table)
	{
		$this->connect();

		// TODO To implement.
		return array();
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get an array of all tables in the database.
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of all the tables in the database.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getTableList()
	{
		$this->connect();

		// Set the query to get the tables statement.
		$this->setQuery('SELECT name FROM ' .
$this->getDatabase() . '.sys.Tables WHERE type =
\'U\';');
		$tables = $this->loadColumn();

		return $tables;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the version of the database connector.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The database connector version.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getVersion()
	{
		$this->connect();

		$version = sqlsrv_server_info($this->connection);

		return $version['SQLServerVersion'];
	}

	/**
	 * Inserts a row into a table based on an object's properties.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table    The name of the database table to insert
into.
	 * @param   object  &$object  A reference to an object whose public
properties match the table fields.
	 * @param   string  $key      The name of the primary key. If provided the
object property is updated.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean    True on success.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function insertObject($table, &$object, $key = null)
	{
		$fields = array();
		$values = array();
		$statement = 'INSERT INTO ' . $this->quoteName($table) .
' (%s) VALUES (%s)';

		foreach (get_object_vars($object) as $k => $v)
		{
			// Only process non-null scalars.
			if (is_array($v) or is_object($v) or $v === null)
			{
				continue;
			}

			if (!$this->checkFieldExists($table, $k))
			{
				continue;
			}

			if ($k[0] == '_')
			{
				// Internal field
				continue;
			}

			if ($k == $key && $key == 0)
			{
				continue;
			}

			$fields[] = $this->quoteName($k);
			$values[] = $this->Quote($v);
		}
		// Set the query and execute the insert.
		$this->setQuery(sprintf($statement, implode(',', $fields),
implode(',', $values)));

		if (!$this->execute())
		{
			return false;
		}

		$id = $this->insertid();

		if ($key && $id)
		{
			$object->$key = $id;
		}

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the auto-incremented value from the last INSERT
statement.
	 *
	 * @return  integer  The value of the auto-increment field from the last
inserted row.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function insertid()
	{
		$this->connect();

		// TODO: SELECT IDENTITY
		$this->setQuery('SELECT @@IDENTITY');

		return (int) $this->loadResult();
	}

	/**
	 * Execute the SQL statement.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  A database cursor resource on success, boolean false on
failure.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 * @throws  Exception
	 */
	public function execute()
	{
		$this->connect();

		// Take a local copy so that we don't modify the original query and
cause issues later
		$query = $this->replacePrefix((string) $this->sql);

		if (!($this->sql instanceof JDatabaseQuery) &&
($this->limit > 0 || $this->offset > 0))
		{
			$query = $this->limit($query, $this->limit, $this->offset);
		}

		if (!is_resource($this->connection))
		{
			JLog::add(JText::sprintf('JLIB_DATABASE_QUERY_FAILED',
$this->errorNum, $this->errorMsg), JLog::ERROR,
'database');
			throw new JDatabaseExceptionExecuting($query, $this->errorMsg,
$this->errorNum);
		}

		// Increment the query counter.
		$this->count++;

		// Reset the error values.
		$this->errorNum = 0;
		$this->errorMsg = '';

		// If debugging is enabled then let's log the query.
		if ($this->debug)
		{
			// Add the query to the object queue.
			$this->log[] = $query;

			JLog::add($query, JLog::DEBUG, 'databasequery');

			$this->timings[] = microtime(true);
		}

		// SQLSrv_num_rows requires a static or keyset cursor.
		if (strncmp(ltrim(strtoupper($query)), 'SELECT',
strlen('SELECT')) == 0)
		{
			$array = array('Scrollable' => SQLSRV_CURSOR_KEYSET);
		}
		else
		{
			$array = array();
		}

		// Execute the query. Error suppression is used here to prevent
warnings/notices that the connection has been lost.
		$this->cursor = @sqlsrv_query($this->connection, $query, array(),
$array);

		if ($this->debug)
		{
			$this->timings[] = microtime(true);

			if (defined('DEBUG_BACKTRACE_IGNORE_ARGS'))
			{
				$this->callStacks[] = debug_backtrace(DEBUG_BACKTRACE_IGNORE_ARGS);
			}
			else
			{
				$this->callStacks[] = debug_backtrace();
			}
		}

		// If an error occurred handle it.
		if (!$this->cursor)
		{
			// Get the error number and message before we execute any more queries.
			$errorNum = $this->getErrorNumber();
			$errorMsg = $this->getErrorMessage();

			// Check if the server was disconnected.
			if (!$this->connected())
			{
				try
				{
					// Attempt to reconnect.
					$this->connection = null;
					$this->connect();
				}
				// If connect fails, ignore that exception and throw the normal
exception.
				catch (RuntimeException $e)
				{
					// Get the error number and message.
					$this->errorNum = $this->getErrorNumber();
					$this->errorMsg = $this->getErrorMessage();

					// Throw the normal query exception.
					JLog::add(JText::sprintf('JLIB_DATABASE_QUERY_FAILED',
$this->errorNum, $this->errorMsg), JLog::ERROR,
'database-error');

					throw new JDatabaseExceptionExecuting($query, $this->errorMsg,
$this->errorNum, $e);
				}

				// Since we were able to reconnect, run the query again.
				return $this->execute();
			}
			// The server was not disconnected.
			else
			{
				// Get the error number and message from before we tried to reconnect.
				$this->errorNum = $errorNum;
				$this->errorMsg = $errorMsg;

				// Throw the normal query exception.
				JLog::add(JText::sprintf('JLIB_DATABASE_QUERY_FAILED',
$this->errorNum, $this->errorMsg), JLog::ERROR,
'database-error');

				throw new JDatabaseExceptionExecuting($query, $this->errorMsg,
$this->errorNum);
			}
		}

		return $this->cursor;
	}

	/**
	 * This function replaces a string identifier
<var>$prefix</var> with the string held is the
	 * <var>tablePrefix</var> class variable.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $query   The SQL statement to prepare.
	 * @param   string  $prefix  The common table prefix.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The processed SQL statement.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function replacePrefix($query, $prefix = '#__')
	{
		$query = trim($query);

		if (strpos($query, "'"))
		{
			$parts = explode("'", $query);

			for ($nIndex = 0, $size = count($parts); $nIndex < $size; $nIndex =
$nIndex + 2)
			{
				if (strpos($parts[$nIndex], $prefix) !== false)
				{
					$parts[$nIndex] = str_replace($prefix, $this->tablePrefix,
$parts[$nIndex]);
				}
			}

			$query = implode("'", $parts);
		}
		else
		{
			$query = str_replace($prefix, $this->tablePrefix, $query);
		}

		return $query;
	}

	/**
	 * Select a database for use.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $database  The name of the database to select for use.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if the database was successfully selected.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function select($database)
	{
		$this->connect();

		if (!$database)
		{
			return false;
		}

		if (!sqlsrv_query($this->connection, 'USE ' . $database,
null, array('scrollable' => SQLSRV_CURSOR_STATIC)))
		{
			throw new JDatabaseExceptionConnecting('Could not connect to SQL
Server database.');
		}

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Set the connection to use UTF-8 character encoding.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function setUtf()
	{
		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to commit a transaction.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $toSavepoint  If true, commit to the last savepoint.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function transactionCommit($toSavepoint = false)
	{
		$this->connect();

		if (!$toSavepoint || $this->transactionDepth <= 1)
		{
			if ($this->setQuery('COMMIT TRANSACTION')->execute())
			{
				$this->transactionDepth = 0;
			}

			return;
		}

		$this->transactionDepth--;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to roll back a transaction.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $toSavepoint  If true, rollback to the last
savepoint.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function transactionRollback($toSavepoint = false)
	{
		$this->connect();

		if (!$toSavepoint || $this->transactionDepth <= 1)
		{
			if ($this->setQuery('ROLLBACK TRANSACTION')->execute())
			{
				$this->transactionDepth = 0;
			}

			return;
		}

		$savepoint = 'SP_' . ($this->transactionDepth - 1);
		$this->setQuery('ROLLBACK TRANSACTION ' .
$this->quoteName($savepoint));

		if ($this->execute())
		{
			$this->transactionDepth--;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Method to initialize a transaction.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $asSavepoint  If true and a transaction is already
active, a savepoint will be created.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function transactionStart($asSavepoint = false)
	{
		$this->connect();

		if (!$asSavepoint || !$this->transactionDepth)
		{
			if ($this->setQuery('BEGIN TRANSACTION')->execute())
			{
				$this->transactionDepth = 1;
			}

			return;
		}

		$savepoint = 'SP_' . $this->transactionDepth;
		$this->setQuery('BEGIN TRANSACTION ' .
$this->quoteName($savepoint));

		if ($this->execute())
		{
			$this->transactionDepth++;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Method to fetch a row from the result set cursor as an array.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $cursor  The optional result set cursor from which to
fetch the row.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  Either the next row from the result set or false if
there are no more rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function fetchArray($cursor = null)
	{
		return sqlsrv_fetch_array($cursor ? $cursor : $this->cursor,
SQLSRV_FETCH_NUMERIC);
	}

	/**
	 * Method to fetch a row from the result set cursor as an associative
array.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $cursor  The optional result set cursor from which to
fetch the row.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  Either the next row from the result set or false if
there are no more rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function fetchAssoc($cursor = null)
	{
		return sqlsrv_fetch_array($cursor ? $cursor : $this->cursor,
SQLSRV_FETCH_ASSOC);
	}

	/**
	 * Method to fetch a row from the result set cursor as an object.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed   $cursor  The optional result set cursor from which to
fetch the row.
	 * @param   string  $class   The class name to use for the returned row
object.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed   Either the next row from the result set or false if
there are no more rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function fetchObject($cursor = null, $class =
'stdClass')
	{
		// Class has to be loaded for sqlsrv on windows platform
		class_exists($class);

		return sqlsrv_fetch_object($cursor ? $cursor : $this->cursor, $class);
	}

	/**
	 * Method to free up the memory used for the result set.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $cursor  The optional result set cursor from which to
fetch the row.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function freeResult($cursor = null)
	{
		sqlsrv_free_stmt($cursor ? $cursor : $this->cursor);
	}

	/**
	 * Method to check and see if a field exists in a table.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table  The table in which to verify the field.
	 * @param   string  $field  The field to verify.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if the field exists in the table.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function checkFieldExists($table, $field)
	{
		$this->connect();

		$table = $this->replacePrefix((string) $table);
		$query = "SELECT COLUMN_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS WHERE
TABLE_NAME = '$table' AND COLUMN_NAME = '$field' ORDER
BY ORDINAL_POSITION";
		$this->setQuery($query);

		if ($this->loadResult())
		{
			return true;
		}
		else
		{
			return false;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Method to wrap an SQL statement to provide a LIMIT and OFFSET behavior
for scrolling through a result set.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $query   The SQL statement to process.
	 * @param   integer  $limit   The maximum affected rows to set.
	 * @param   integer  $offset  The affected row offset to set.
	 *
	 * @return  string   The processed SQL statement.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function limit($query, $limit, $offset)
	{
		if ($limit)
		{
			$total = $offset + $limit;

			$position = stripos($query, 'SELECT');
			$distinct = stripos($query, 'SELECT DISTINCT');

			if ($position === $distinct)
			{
				$query = substr_replace($query, 'SELECT DISTINCT TOP ' .
(int) $total, $position, 15);
			}
			else
			{
				$query = substr_replace($query, 'SELECT TOP ' . (int) $total,
$position, 6);
			}
		}

		if (!$offset)
		{
			return $query;
		}

		return PHP_EOL
			. 'SELECT * FROM (SELECT *, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT 0))
AS RowNumber FROM ('
			. $query
			. PHP_EOL . ') AS A) AS A WHERE RowNumber > ' . (int)
$offset;
	}

	/**
	 * Renames a table in the database.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $oldTable  The name of the table to be renamed
	 * @param   string  $newTable  The new name for the table.
	 * @param   string  $backup    Table prefix
	 * @param   string  $prefix    For the table - used to rename constraints
in non-mysql databases
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriverSqlsrv  Returns this object to support
chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function renameTable($oldTable, $newTable, $backup = null, $prefix
= null)
	{
		$constraints = array();

		if (!is_null($prefix) && !is_null($backup))
		{
			$constraints = $this->getTableConstraints($oldTable);
		}

		if (!empty($constraints))
		{
			$this->renameConstraints($constraints, $prefix, $backup);
		}

		$this->setQuery("sp_rename '" . $oldTable .
"', '" . $newTable . "'");

		return $this->execute();
	}

	/**
	 * Locks a table in the database.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $tableName  The name of the table to lock.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriverSqlsrv  Returns this object to support
chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function lockTable($tableName)
	{
		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Unlocks tables in the database.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriverSqlsrv  Returns this object to support
chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function unlockTables()
	{
		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Return the actual SQL Error number
	 *
	 * @return  integer  The SQL Error number
	 *
	 * @since   3.4.6
	 */
	protected function getErrorNumber()
	{
		$errors = sqlsrv_errors();

		return $errors[0]['code'];
	}

	/**
	 * Return the actual SQL Error message
	 *
	 * @return  string  The SQL Error message
	 *
	 * @since   3.4.6
	 */
	protected function getErrorMessage()
	{
		$errors       = sqlsrv_errors();
		$errorMessage = (string) $errors[0]['message'];

		// Replace the Databaseprefix with `#__` if we are not in Debug
		if (!$this->debug)
		{
			$errorMessage = str_replace($this->tablePrefix, '#__',
$errorMessage);
		}

		return $errorMessage;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the query strings to alter the character set and collation of a
table.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $tableName  The name of the table
	 *
	 * @return  string[]  The queries required to alter the table's
character set and collation
	 *
	 * @since   CMS 3.5.0
	 */
	public function getAlterTableCharacterSet($tableName)
	{
		return array();
	}

	/**
	 * Return the query string to create new Database.
	 * Each database driver, other than MySQL, need to override this member to
return correct string.
	 *
	 * @param   stdClass  $options  Object used to pass user and database name
to database driver.
	 *                   This object must have "db_name" and
"db_user" set.
	 * @param   boolean   $utf      True if the database supports the UTF-8
character set.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The query that creates database
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.1
	 */
	protected function getCreateDatabaseQuery($options, $utf)
	{
		return 'CREATE DATABASE ' .
$this->quoteName($options->db_name);
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * Joomla Platform Database Driver Class
 *
 * @since  3.0.0
 *
 * @method   string|array  q()   q($text, $escape = true)  Alias for quote
method
 * @method   string|array  qn()  qn($name, $as = null)     Alias for
quoteName method
 */
abstract class JDatabaseDriver extends JDatabase implements
JDatabaseInterface
{
	/**
	 * The name of the database.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  2.5.0
	 */
	private $_database;

	/**
	 * The name of the database driver.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  1.7.0
	 */
	public $name;

	/**
	 * The type of the database server family supported by this driver.
Examples: mysql, oracle, postgresql, mssql,
	 * sqlite.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  CMS 3.5.0
	 */
	public $serverType;

	/**
	 * @var    resource  The database connection resource.
	 * @since  1.7.0
	 */
	protected $connection;

	/**
	 * @var    integer  The number of SQL statements executed by the database
driver.
	 * @since  1.7.0
	 */
	protected $count = 0;

	/**
	 * @var    resource  The database connection cursor from the last query.
	 * @since  1.7.0
	 */
	protected $cursor;

	/**
	 * @var    boolean  The database driver debugging state.
	 * @since  1.7.0
	 */
	protected $debug = false;

	/**
	 * @var    integer  The affected row limit for the current SQL statement.
	 * @since  1.7.0
	 */
	protected $limit = 0;

	/**
	 * @var    array  The log of executed SQL statements by the database
driver.
	 * @since  1.7.0
	 */
	protected $log = array();

	/**
	 * @var    array  The log of executed SQL statements timings (start and
stop microtimes) by the database driver.
	 * @since  CMS 3.1.2
	 */
	protected $timings = array();

	/**
	 * @var    array  The log of executed SQL statements timings (start and
stop microtimes) by the database driver.
	 * @since  CMS 3.1.2
	 */
	protected $callStacks = array();

	/**
	 * @var    string  The character(s) used to quote SQL statement names such
as table names or field names,
	 *                 etc.  The child classes should define this as
necessary.  If a single character string the
	 *                 same character is used for both sides of the quoted
name, else the first character will be
	 *                 used for the opening quote and the second for the
closing quote.
	 * @since  1.7.0
	 */
	protected $nameQuote;

	/**
	 * @var    string  The null or zero representation of a timestamp for the
database driver.  This should be
	 *                 defined in child classes to hold the appropriate value
for the engine.
	 * @since  1.7.0
	 */
	protected $nullDate;

	/**
	 * @var    integer  The affected row offset to apply for the current SQL
statement.
	 * @since  1.7.0
	 */
	protected $offset = 0;

	/**
	 * @var    array  Passed in upon instantiation and saved.
	 * @since  1.7.0
	 */
	protected $options;

	/**
	 * @var    JDatabaseQuery|string  The current SQL statement to execute.
	 * @since  1.7.0
	 */
	protected $sql;

	/**
	 * @var    string  The common database table prefix.
	 * @since  1.7.0
	 */
	protected $tablePrefix;

	/**
	 * @var    boolean  True if the database engine supports UTF-8 character
encoding.
	 * @since  1.7.0
	 */
	protected $utf = true;

	/**
	 * @var    boolean  True if the database engine supports UTF-8 Multibyte
(utf8mb4) character encoding.
	 * @since  CMS 3.5.0
	 */
	protected $utf8mb4 = false;

	/**
	 * @var         integer  The database error number
	 * @since       1.7.0
	 * @deprecated  3.0.0
	 */
	protected $errorNum = 0;

	/**
	 * @var         string  The database error message
	 * @since       1.7.0
	 * @deprecated  3.0.0
	 */
	protected $errorMsg;

	/**
	 * @var    array  JDatabaseDriver instances container.
	 * @since  1.7.0
	 */
	protected static $instances = array();

	/**
	 * @var    string  The minimum supported database version.
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	protected static $dbMinimum;

	/**
	 * @var    integer  The depth of the current transaction.
	 * @since  3.1.4
	 */
	protected $transactionDepth = 0;

	/**
	 * @var    callable[]  List of callables to call just before disconnecting
database
	 * @since  CMS 3.1.2
	 */
	protected $disconnectHandlers = array();

	/**
	 * Get a list of available database connectors.  The list will only be
populated with connectors that both
	 * the class exists and the static test method returns true.  This gives
us the ability to have a multitude
	 * of connector classes that are self-aware as to whether or not they are
able to be used on a given system.
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of available database connectors.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	public static function getConnectors()
	{
		$connectors = array();

		// Get an iterator and loop trough the driver classes.
		$iterator = new DirectoryIterator(__DIR__ . '/driver');

		/* @type  $file  DirectoryIterator */
		foreach ($iterator as $file)
		{
			$fileName = $file->getFilename();

			// Only load for php files.
			if (!$file->isFile() || $file->getExtension() != 'php')
			{
				continue;
			}

			// Derive the class name from the type.
			$class = str_ireplace('.php', '',
'JDatabaseDriver' . ucfirst(trim($fileName)));

			// If the class doesn't exist we have nothing left to do but look
at the next type. We did our best.
			if (!class_exists($class))
			{
				continue;
			}

			// Sweet!  Our class exists, so now we just need to know if it passes
its test method.
			if ($class::isSupported())
			{
				// Connector names should not have file extensions.
				$connectors[] = str_ireplace('.php', '',
$fileName);
			}
		}

		return $connectors;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to return a JDatabaseDriver instance based on the given options.
 There are three global options and then
	 * the rest are specific to the database driver.  The 'driver'
option defines which JDatabaseDriver class is
	 * used for the connection -- the default is 'mysqli'.  The
'database' option determines which database is to
	 * be used for the connection.  The 'select' option determines
whether the connector should automatically select
	 * the chosen database.
	 *
	 * Instances are unique to the given options and new objects are only
created when a unique options array is
	 * passed into the method.  This ensures that we don't end up with
unnecessary database connection resources.
	 *
	 * @param   array  $options  Parameters to be passed to the database
driver.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriver  A database object.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public static function getInstance($options = array())
	{
		// Sanitize the database connector options.
		$options['driver']   = (isset($options['driver'])) ?
preg_replace('/[^A-Z0-9_\.-]/i', '',
$options['driver']) : 'mysqli';
		$options['database'] = (isset($options['database']))
? $options['database'] : null;
		$options['select']   = (isset($options['select'])) ?
$options['select'] : true;

		// If the selected driver is `mysql` and we are on PHP 7 or greater,
switch to the `mysqli` driver.
		if ($options['driver'] === 'mysql' &&
PHP_MAJOR_VERSION >= 7)
		{
			// Check if we have support for the other MySQL drivers
			$mysqliSupported   = JDatabaseDriverMysqli::isSupported();
			$pdoMysqlSupported = JDatabaseDriverPdomysql::isSupported();

			// If neither is supported, then the user cannot use MySQL; throw an
exception
			if (!$mysqliSupported && !$pdoMysqlSupported)
			{
				throw new JDatabaseExceptionUnsupported(
					'The PHP `ext/mysql` extension is removed in PHP 7, cannot use
the `mysql` driver.'
					. ' Also, this system does not support MySQLi or PDO MySQL. 
Cannot instantiate database driver.'
				);
			}

			// Prefer MySQLi as it is a closer replacement for the removed MySQL
driver, otherwise use the PDO driver
			if ($mysqliSupported)
			{
				JLog::add(
					'The PHP `ext/mysql` extension is removed in PHP 7, cannot use
the `mysql` driver.  Trying `mysqli` instead.',
					JLog::WARNING,
					'deprecated'
				);

				$options['driver'] = 'mysqli';
			}
			else
			{
				JLog::add(
					'The PHP `ext/mysql` extension is removed in PHP 7, cannot use
the `mysql` driver.  Trying `pdomysql` instead.',
					JLog::WARNING,
					'deprecated'
				);

				$options['driver'] = 'pdomysql';
			}
		}

		// Get the options signature for the database connector.
		$signature = md5(serialize($options));

		// If we already have a database connector instance for these options
then just use that.
		if (empty(self::$instances[$signature]))
		{
			// Derive the class name from the driver.
			$class = 'JDatabaseDriver' .
ucfirst(strtolower($options['driver']));

			// If the class still doesn't exist we have nothing left to do but
throw an exception.  We did our best.
			if (!class_exists($class))
			{
				throw new JDatabaseExceptionUnsupported(sprintf('Unable to load
Database Driver: %s', $options['driver']));
			}

			// Create our new JDatabaseDriver connector based on the options given.
			try
			{
				$instance = new $class($options);
			}
			catch (RuntimeException $e)
			{
				throw new JDatabaseExceptionConnecting(sprintf('Unable to connect
to the Database: %s', $e->getMessage()), $e->getCode(), $e);
			}

			// Set the new connector to the global instances based on signature.
			self::$instances[$signature] = $instance;
		}

		return self::$instances[$signature];
	}

	/**
	 * Splits a string of multiple queries into an array of individual
queries.
	 * Single line or line end comments and multi line comments are stripped
off.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $sql  Input SQL string with which to split into
individual queries.
	 *
	 * @return  array  The queries from the input string separated into an
array.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	public static function splitSql($sql)
	{
		$start = 0;
		$open = false;
		$comment = false;
		$endString = '';
		$end = strlen($sql);
		$queries = array();
		$query = '';

		for ($i = 0; $i < $end; $i++)
		{
			$current = substr($sql, $i, 1);
			$current2 = substr($sql, $i, 2);
			$current3 = substr($sql, $i, 3);
			$lenEndString = strlen($endString);
			$testEnd = substr($sql, $i, $lenEndString);

			if ($current == '"' || $current == "'" ||
$current2 == '--'
				|| ($current2 == '/*' && $current3 != '/*!'
&& $current3 != '/*+')
				|| ($current == '#' && $current3 != '#__')
				|| ($comment && $testEnd == $endString))
			{
				// Check if quoted with previous backslash
				$n = 2;

				while (substr($sql, $i - $n + 1, 1) == '\\' && $n
< $i)
				{
					$n++;
				}

				// Not quoted
				if ($n % 2 == 0)
				{
					if ($open)
					{
						if ($testEnd == $endString)
						{
							if ($comment)
							{
								$comment = false;
								if ($lenEndString > 1)
								{
									$i += ($lenEndString - 1);
									$current = substr($sql, $i, 1);
								}
								$start = $i + 1;
							}
							$open = false;
							$endString = '';
						}
					}
					else
					{
						$open = true;
						if ($current2 == '--')
						{
							$endString = "\n";
							$comment = true;
						}
						elseif ($current2 == '/*')
						{
							$endString = '*/';
							$comment = true;
						}
						elseif ($current == '#')
						{
							$endString = "\n";
							$comment = true;
						}
						else
						{
							$endString = $current;
						}
						if ($comment && $start < $i)
						{
							$query = $query . substr($sql, $start, ($i - $start));
						}
					}
				}
			}

			if ($comment)
			{
				$start = $i + 1;
			}

			if (($current == ';' && !$open) || $i == $end - 1)
			{
				if ($start <= $i)
				{
					$query = $query . substr($sql, $start, ($i - $start + 1));
				}
				$query = trim($query);

				if ($query)
				{
					if (($i == $end - 1) && ($current != ';'))
					{
						$query = $query . ';';
					}
					$queries[] = $query;
				}

				$query = '';
				$start = $i + 1;
			}
		}

		return $queries;
	}

	/**
	 * Magic method to provide method alias support for quote() and
quoteName().
	 *
	 * @param   string  $method  The called method.
	 * @param   array   $args    The array of arguments passed to the method.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  The aliased method's return value or null.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	public function __call($method, $args)
	{
		if (empty($args))
		{
			return;
		}

		switch ($method)
		{
			case 'q':
				return $this->quote($args[0], isset($args[1]) ? $args[1] : true);
				break;
			case 'qn':
				return $this->quoteName($args[0], isset($args[1]) ? $args[1] :
null);
				break;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Constructor.
	 *
	 * @param   array  $options  List of options used to configure the
connection
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	public function __construct($options)
	{
		// Initialise object variables.
		$this->_database = (isset($options['database'])) ?
$options['database'] : '';

		$this->tablePrefix = (isset($options['prefix'])) ?
$options['prefix'] : 'jos_';
		$this->count = 0;
		$this->errorNum = 0;
		$this->log = array();

		// Set class options.
		$this->options = $options;
	}

	/**
	 * Alter database's character set, obtaining query string from
protected member.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $dbName  The database name that will be altered
	 *
	 * @return  string  The query that alter the database query string
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.1
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function alterDbCharacterSet($dbName)
	{
		if (is_null($dbName))
		{
			throw new RuntimeException('Database name must not be null.');
		}

		$this->setQuery($this->getAlterDbCharacterSet($dbName));

		return $this->execute();
	}

	/**
	 * Alter a table's character set, obtaining an array of queries to do
so from a protected method. The conversion is
	 * wrapped in a transaction, if supported by the database driver.
Otherwise the table will be locked before the
	 * conversion. This prevents data corruption.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $tableName  The name of the table to alter
	 * @param   boolean  $rethrow    True to rethrow database exceptions.
Default: false (exceptions are suppressed)
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if successful
	 *
	 * @since   CMS 3.5.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException  If the table name is empty
	 * @throws  Exception  Relayed from the database layer if a database error
occurs and $rethrow == true
	 */
	public function alterTableCharacterSet($tableName, $rethrow = false)
	{
		if (is_null($tableName))
		{
			throw new RuntimeException('Table name must not be null.');
		}

		$queries = $this->getAlterTableCharacterSet($tableName);

		if (empty($queries))
		{
			return false;
		}

		$hasTransaction = true;

		try
		{
			$this->transactionStart();
		}
		catch (Exception $e)
		{
			$hasTransaction = false;
			$this->lockTable($tableName);
		}

		foreach ($queries as $query)
		{
			try
			{
				$this->setQuery($query)->execute();
			}
			catch (Exception $e)
			{
				if ($hasTransaction)
				{
					$this->transactionRollback();
				}
				else
				{
					$this->unlockTables();
				}

				if ($rethrow)
				{
					throw $e;
				}

				return false;
			}
		}

		if ($hasTransaction)
		{
			try
			{
				$this->transactionCommit();
			}
			catch (Exception $e)
			{
				$this->transactionRollback();

				if ($rethrow)
				{
					throw $e;
				}

				return false;
			}
		}
		else
		{
			$this->unlockTables();
		}

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Connects to the database if needed.
	 *
	 * @return  void  Returns void if the database connected successfully.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	abstract public function connect();

	/**
	 * Determines if the connection to the server is active.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if connected to the database engine.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	abstract public function connected();

	/**
	 * Create a new database using information from $options object, obtaining
query string
	 * from protected member.
	 *
	 * @param   stdClass  $options  Object used to pass user and database name
to database driver.
	 * 									This object must have "db_name" and
"db_user" set.
	 * @param   boolean   $utf      True if the database supports the UTF-8
character set.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The query that creates database
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.1
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function createDatabase($options, $utf = true)
	{
		if (is_null($options))
		{
			throw new RuntimeException('$options object must not be
null.');
		}
		elseif (empty($options->db_name))
		{
			throw new RuntimeException('$options object must have db_name
set.');
		}
		elseif (empty($options->db_user))
		{
			throw new RuntimeException('$options object must have db_user
set.');
		}

		$this->setQuery($this->getCreateDatabaseQuery($options, $utf));

		return $this->execute();
	}

	/**
	 * Destructor.
	 *
	 * @since   3.8.0
	 */
	public function __destruct()
	{
		$this->disconnect();
	}

	/**
	 * Disconnects the database.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	abstract public function disconnect();

	/**
	 * Adds a function callable just before disconnecting the database.
Parameter of the callable is $this JDatabaseDriver
	 *
	 * @param   callable  $callable  Function to call in disconnect() method
just before disconnecting from database
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   CMS 3.1.2
	 */
	public function addDisconnectHandler($callable)
	{
		$this->disconnectHandlers[] = $callable;
	}

	/**
	 * Drops a table from the database.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $table     The name of the database table to drop.
	 * @param   boolean  $ifExists  Optionally specify that the table must
exist before it is dropped.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriver     Returns this object to support chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   2.5.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	abstract public function dropTable($table, $ifExists = true);

	/**
	 * Escapes a string for usage in an SQL statement.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $text   The string to be escaped.
	 * @param   boolean  $extra  Optional parameter to provide extra escaping.
	 *
	 * @return  string   The escaped string.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	abstract public function escape($text, $extra = false);

	/**
	 * Method to fetch a row from the result set cursor as an array.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $cursor  The optional result set cursor from which to
fetch the row.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  Either the next row from the result set or false if
there are no more rows.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	abstract protected function fetchArray($cursor = null);

	/**
	 * Method to fetch a row from the result set cursor as an associative
array.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $cursor  The optional result set cursor from which to
fetch the row.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  Either the next row from the result set or false if
there are no more rows.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	abstract protected function fetchAssoc($cursor = null);

	/**
	 * Method to fetch a row from the result set cursor as an object.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed   $cursor  The optional result set cursor from which to
fetch the row.
	 * @param   string  $class   The class name to use for the returned row
object.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed   Either the next row from the result set or false if
there are no more rows.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	abstract protected function fetchObject($cursor = null, $class =
'stdClass');

	/**
	 * Method to free up the memory used for the result set.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $cursor  The optional result set cursor from which to
fetch the row.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	abstract protected function freeResult($cursor = null);

	/**
	 * Get the number of affected rows for the previous executed SQL
statement.
	 *
	 * @return  integer  The number of affected rows.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	abstract public function getAffectedRows();

	/**
	 * Return the query string to alter the database character set.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $dbName  The database name
	 *
	 * @return  string  The query that alter the database query string
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.1
	 */
	public function getAlterDbCharacterSet($dbName)
	{
		$charset = $this->utf8mb4 ? 'utf8mb4' : 'utf8';

		return 'ALTER DATABASE ' . $this->quoteName($dbName) .
' CHARACTER SET `' . $charset . '`';
	}

	/**
	 * Get the query strings to alter the character set and collation of a
table.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $tableName  The name of the table
	 *
	 * @return  string[]  The queries required to alter the table's
character set and collation
	 *
	 * @since   CMS 3.5.0
	 */
	public function getAlterTableCharacterSet($tableName)
	{
		$charset = $this->utf8mb4 ? 'utf8mb4' : 'utf8';
		$collation = $charset . '_unicode_ci';

		$quotedTableName = $this->quoteName($tableName);

		$queries = array();
		$queries[] = "ALTER TABLE $quotedTableName CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET
$charset COLLATE $collation";

		/**
		 * We also need to convert each text column, modifying their character
set and collation. This allows us to
		 * change, for example, a utf8_bin collated column to a utf8mb4_bin
collated column.
		 */
		$sql = "SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM $quotedTableName";
		$this->setQuery($sql);
		$columns = $this->loadAssocList();
		$columnMods = array();

		if (is_array($columns))
		{
			foreach ($columns as $column)
			{
				// Make sure we are redefining only columns which do support a
collation
				$col = (object) $column;

				if (empty($col->Collation))
				{
					continue;
				}

				// Default new collation: utf8_unicode_ci or utf8mb4_unicode_ci
				$newCollation = $charset . '_unicode_ci';
				$collationParts = explode('_', $col->Collation);

				/**
				 * If the collation is in the form charset_collationType_ci or
charset_collationType we have to change
				 * the charset but leave the collationType intact (e.g. utf8_bin must
become utf8mb4_bin, NOT
				 * utf8mb4_general_ci).
				 */
				if (count($collationParts) >= 2)
				{
					$ci = array_pop($collationParts);
					$collationType = array_pop($collationParts);
					$newCollation = $charset . '_' . $collationType .
'_' . $ci;

					/**
					 * When the last part of the old collation is not _ci we have a
charset_collationType format,
					 * something like utf8_bin. Therefore the new collation only has *two*
parts.
					 */
					if ($ci != 'ci')
					{
						$newCollation = $charset . '_' . $ci;
					}
				}

				// If the old and new collation is the same we don't have to
change the collation type
				if (strtolower($newCollation) == strtolower($col->Collation))
				{
					continue;
				}

				$null = $col->Null == 'YES' ? 'NULL' : 'NOT
NULL';
				$default = is_null($col->Default) ? '' : "DEFAULT
'" . $this->q($col->Default) . "'";
				$columnMods[] = "MODIFY COLUMN `{$col->Field}` {$col->Type}
CHARACTER SET $charset COLLATE $newCollation $null $default";
			}
		}

		if (count($columnMods))
		{
			$queries[] = "ALTER TABLE $quotedTableName " .
				implode(',', $columnMods) .
				" CHARACTER SET $charset COLLATE $collation";
		}

		return $queries;
	}

	/**
	 * Automatically downgrade a CREATE TABLE or ALTER TABLE query from
utf8mb4 (UTF-8 Multibyte) to plain utf8. Used
	 * when the server doesn't support UTF-8 Multibyte.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $query  The query to convert
	 *
	 * @return  string  The converted query
	 */
	public function convertUtf8mb4QueryToUtf8($query)
	{
		if ($this->hasUTF8mb4Support())
		{
			return $query;
		}

		// If it's not an ALTER TABLE or CREATE TABLE command there's
nothing to convert
		if (!preg_match('/^(ALTER|CREATE)\s+TABLE\s+/i', $query))
		{
			return $query;
		}

		// Don't do preg replacement if string does not exist
		if (stripos($query, 'utf8mb4') === false)
		{
			return $query;
		}

		// Replace utf8mb4 with utf8 if not within single or double quotes or
name quotes
		return
preg_replace('/[`"\'][^`"\']*[`"\'](*SKIP)(*FAIL)|utf8mb4/i',
'utf8', $query);
	}

	/**
	 * Return the query string to create new Database.
	 * Each database driver, other than MySQL, need to override this member to
return correct string.
	 *
	 * @param   stdClass  $options  Object used to pass user and database name
to database driver.
	 *                   This object must have "db_name" and
"db_user" set.
	 * @param   boolean   $utf      True if the database supports the UTF-8
character set.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The query that creates database
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.1
	 */
	protected function getCreateDatabaseQuery($options, $utf)
	{
		if ($utf)
		{
			$charset = $this->utf8mb4 ? 'utf8mb4' : 'utf8';
			$collation = $charset . '_unicode_ci';

			return 'CREATE DATABASE ' .
$this->quoteName($options->db_name) . ' CHARACTER SET `' .
$charset . '` COLLATE `' . $collation . '`';
		}

		return 'CREATE DATABASE ' .
$this->quoteName($options->db_name);
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the database collation in use by sampling a text field of
a table in the database.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  The collation in use by the database or boolean false
if not supported.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	abstract public function getCollation();

	/**
	 * Method to get the database connection collation, as reported by the
driver. If the connector doesn't support
	 * reporting this value please return an empty string.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 */
	public function getConnectionCollation()
	{
		return '';
	}

	/**
	 * Method that provides access to the underlying database connection.
Useful for when you need to call a
	 * proprietary method such as postgresql's lo_* methods.
	 *
	 * @return  resource  The underlying database connection resource.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	public function getConnection()
	{
		return $this->connection;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the total number of SQL statements executed by the database driver.
	 *
	 * @return  integer
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	public function getCount()
	{
		return $this->count;
	}

	/**
	 * Gets the name of the database used by this connection.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   2.5.0
	 */
	protected function getDatabase()
	{
		return $this->_database;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns a PHP date() function compliant date format for the database
driver.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The format string.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	public function getDateFormat()
	{
		return 'Y-m-d H:i:s';
	}

	/**
	 * Get the database driver SQL statement log.
	 *
	 * @return  array  SQL statements executed by the database driver.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	public function getLog()
	{
		return $this->log;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the database driver SQL statement log.
	 *
	 * @return  array  SQL statements executed by the database driver.
	 *
	 * @since   CMS 3.1.2
	 */
	public function getTimings()
	{
		return $this->timings;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the database driver SQL statement log.
	 *
	 * @return  array  SQL statements executed by the database driver.
	 *
	 * @since   CMS 3.1.2
	 */
	public function getCallStacks()
	{
		return $this->callStacks;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the minimum supported database version.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The minimum version number for the database driver.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function getMinimum()
	{
		return static::$dbMinimum;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the null or zero representation of a timestamp for the database
driver.
	 *
	 * @return  string  Null or zero representation of a timestamp.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	public function getNullDate()
	{
		return $this->nullDate;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the number of returned rows for the previous executed SQL
statement.
	 *
	 * @param   resource  $cursor  An optional database cursor resource to
extract the row count from.
	 *
	 * @return  integer   The number of returned rows.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	abstract public function getNumRows($cursor = null);

	/**
	 * Get the common table prefix for the database driver.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The common database table prefix.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	public function getPrefix()
	{
		return $this->tablePrefix;
	}

	/**
	 * Gets an exporter class object.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseExporter  An exporter object.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getExporter()
	{
		// Derive the class name from the driver.
		$class = 'JDatabaseExporter' . ucfirst($this->name);

		// Make sure we have an exporter class for this driver.
		if (!class_exists($class))
		{
			// If it doesn't exist we are at an impasse so throw an exception.
			throw new JDatabaseExceptionUnsupported('Database Exporter not
found.');
		}

		$o = new $class;
		$o->setDbo($this);

		return $o;
	}

	/**
	 * Gets an importer class object.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseImporter  An importer object.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getImporter()
	{
		// Derive the class name from the driver.
		$class = 'JDatabaseImporter' . ucfirst($this->name);

		// Make sure we have an importer class for this driver.
		if (!class_exists($class))
		{
			// If it doesn't exist we are at an impasse so throw an exception.
			throw new JDatabaseExceptionUnsupported('Database Importer not
found');
		}

		$o = new $class;
		$o->setDbo($this);

		return $o;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the name of the database driver. If $this->name is not set it
will try guessing the driver name from the
	 * class name.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   CMS 3.5.0
	 */
	public function getName()
	{
		if (empty($this->name))
		{
			$className = get_class($this);
			$className = str_replace('JDatabaseDriver', '',
$className);
			$this->name = strtolower($className);
		}

		return $this->name;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the server family type, e.g. mysql, postgresql, oracle, sqlite,
mssql. If $this->serverType is not set it
	 * will attempt guessing the server family type from the driver name. If
this is not possible the driver name will
	 * be returned instead.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   CMS 3.5.0
	 */
	public function getServerType()
	{
		if (empty($this->serverType))
		{
			$name = $this->getName();

			if (stristr($name, 'mysql') !== false)
			{
				$this->serverType = 'mysql';
			}
			elseif (stristr($name, 'postgre') !== false)
			{
				$this->serverType = 'postgresql';
			}
			elseif (stristr($name, 'pgsql') !== false)
			{
				$this->serverType = 'postgresql';
			}
			elseif (stristr($name, 'oracle') !== false)
			{
				$this->serverType = 'oracle';
			}
			elseif (stristr($name, 'sqlite') !== false)
			{
				$this->serverType = 'sqlite';
			}
			elseif (stristr($name, 'sqlsrv') !== false)
			{
				$this->serverType = 'mssql';
			}
			elseif (stristr($name, 'mssql') !== false)
			{
				$this->serverType = 'mssql';
			}
			else
			{
				$this->serverType = $name;
			}
		}

		return $this->serverType;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the current query object or a new JDatabaseQuery object.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $new  False to return the current query object, True
to return a new JDatabaseQuery object.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseQuery  The current query object or a new object
extending the JDatabaseQuery class.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getQuery($new = false)
	{
		if ($new)
		{
			// Derive the class name from the driver.
			$class = 'JDatabaseQuery' . ucfirst($this->name);

			// Make sure we have a query class for this driver.
			if (!class_exists($class))
			{
				// If it doesn't exist we are at an impasse so throw an exception.
				throw new JDatabaseExceptionUnsupported('Database Query Class not
found.');
			}

			return new $class($this);
		}
		else
		{
			return $this->sql;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Get a new iterator on the current query.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $column  An option column to use as the iterator key.
	 * @param   string  $class   The class of object that is returned.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseIterator  A new database iterator.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getIterator($column = null, $class = 'stdClass')
	{
		// Derive the class name from the driver.
		$iteratorClass = 'JDatabaseIterator' . ucfirst($this->name);

		// Make sure we have an iterator class for this driver.
		if (!class_exists($iteratorClass))
		{
			// If it doesn't exist we are at an impasse so throw an exception.
			throw new JDatabaseExceptionUnsupported(sprintf('class *%s* is not
defined', $iteratorClass));
		}

		// Return a new iterator
		return new $iteratorClass($this->execute(), $column, $class);
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieves field information about the given tables.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $table     The name of the database table.
	 * @param   boolean  $typeOnly  True (default) to only return field types.
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of fields by table.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	abstract public function getTableColumns($table, $typeOnly = true);

	/**
	 * Shows the table CREATE statement that creates the given tables.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $tables  A table name or a list of table names.
	 *
	 * @return  array  A list of the create SQL for the tables.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	abstract public function getTableCreate($tables);

	/**
	 * Retrieves keys information about the given table.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table  The name of the table.
	 *
	 * @return  array   An array of keys for the table.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	abstract public function getTableKeys($table);

	/**
	 * Method to get an array of all tables in the database.
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of all the tables in the database.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	abstract public function getTableList();

	/**
	 * Determine whether or not the database engine supports UTF-8 character
encoding.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if the database engine supports UTF-8 character
encoding.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @deprecated 4.0 - Use hasUTFSupport() instead
	 */
	public function getUTFSupport()
	{
		JLog::add('JDatabaseDriver::getUTFSupport() is deprecated. Use
JDatabaseDriver::hasUTFSupport() instead.', JLog::WARNING,
'deprecated');

		return $this->hasUTFSupport();
	}

	/**
	 * Determine whether or not the database engine supports UTF-8 character
encoding.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if the database engine supports UTF-8 character
encoding.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function hasUTFSupport()
	{
		return $this->utf;
	}

	/**
	 * Determine whether the database engine support the UTF-8 Multibyte
(utf8mb4) character encoding. This applies to
	 * MySQL databases.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if the database engine supports UTF-8 Multibyte.
	 *
	 * @since   CMS 3.5.0
	 */
	public function hasUTF8mb4Support()
	{
		return $this->utf8mb4;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the version of the database connector
	 *
	 * @return  string  The database connector version.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	abstract public function getVersion();

	/**
	 * Method to get the auto-incremented value from the last INSERT
statement.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  The value of the auto-increment field from the last
inserted row.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	abstract public function insertid();

	/**
	 * Inserts a row into a table based on an object's properties.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table    The name of the database table to insert
into.
	 * @param   object  &$object  A reference to an object whose public
properties match the table fields.
	 * @param   string  $key      The name of the primary key. If provided the
object property is updated.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean    True on success.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function insertObject($table, &$object, $key = null)
	{
		$fields = array();
		$values = array();

		// Iterate over the object variables to build the query fields and
values.
		foreach (get_object_vars($object) as $k => $v)
		{
			// Only process non-null scalars.
			if (is_array($v) or is_object($v) or $v === null)
			{
				continue;
			}

			// Ignore any internal fields.
			if ($k[0] == '_')
			{
				continue;
			}

			// Prepare and sanitize the fields and values for the database query.
			$fields[] = $this->quoteName($k);
			$values[] = $this->quote($v);
		}

		// Create the base insert statement.
		$query = $this->getQuery(true)
			->insert($this->quoteName($table))
			->columns($fields)
			->values(implode(',', $values));

		// Set the query and execute the insert.
		$this->setQuery($query);

		if (!$this->execute())
		{
			return false;
		}

		// Update the primary key if it exists.
		$id = $this->insertid();

		if ($key && $id && is_string($key))
		{
			$object->$key = $id;
		}

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to check whether the installed database version is supported by
the database driver
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if the database version is supported
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function isMinimumVersion()
	{
		return version_compare($this->getVersion(), static::$dbMinimum) >=
0;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the first row of the result set from the database query
as an associative array
	 * of ['field_name' => 'row_value'].
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  The return value or null if the query failed.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function loadAssoc()
	{
		$this->connect();

		$ret = null;

		// Execute the query and get the result set cursor.
		if (!($cursor = $this->execute()))
		{
			return;
		}

		// Get the first row from the result set as an associative array.
		if ($array = $this->fetchAssoc($cursor))
		{
			$ret = $array;
		}

		// Free up system resources and return.
		$this->freeResult($cursor);

		return $ret;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get an array of the result set rows from the database query
where each row is an associative array
	 * of ['field_name' => 'row_value'].  The array of
rows can optionally be keyed by a field name, but defaults to
	 * a sequential numeric array.
	 *
	 * NOTE: Choosing to key the result array by a non-unique field name can
result in unwanted
	 * behavior and should be avoided.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $key     The name of a field on which to key the
result array.
	 * @param   string  $column  An optional column name. Instead of the whole
row, only this column value will be in
	 * the result array.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed   The return value or null if the query failed.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function loadAssocList($key = null, $column = null)
	{
		$this->connect();

		$array = array();

		// Execute the query and get the result set cursor.
		if (!($cursor = $this->execute()))
		{
			return;
		}

		// Get all of the rows from the result set.
		while ($row = $this->fetchAssoc($cursor))
		{
			$value = ($column) ? (isset($row[$column]) ? $row[$column] : $row) :
$row;

			if ($key)
			{
				$array[$row[$key]] = $value;
			}
			else
			{
				$array[] = $value;
			}
		}

		// Free up system resources and return.
		$this->freeResult($cursor);

		return $array;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get an array of values from the
<var>$offset</var> field in each row of the result set from
	 * the database query.
	 *
	 * @param   integer  $offset  The row offset to use to build the result
array.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed    The return value or null if the query failed.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function loadColumn($offset = 0)
	{
		$this->connect();

		$array = array();

		// Execute the query and get the result set cursor.
		if (!($cursor = $this->execute()))
		{
			return;
		}

		// Get all of the rows from the result set as arrays.
		while ($row = $this->fetchArray($cursor))
		{
			$array[] = $row[$offset];
		}

		// Free up system resources and return.
		$this->freeResult($cursor);

		return $array;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the next row in the result set from the database query as
an object.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $class  The class name to use for the returned row
object.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed   The result of the query as an array, false if there
are no more rows.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 * @deprecated  4.0 - Use getIterator() instead
	 */
	public function loadNextObject($class = 'stdClass')
	{
		JLog::add(__METHOD__ . '() is deprecated. Use
JDatabaseDriver::getIterator() instead.', JLog::WARNING,
'deprecated');
		$this->connect();

		static $cursor = null;

		// Execute the query and get the result set cursor.
		if (is_null($cursor))
		{
			if (!($cursor = $this->execute()))
			{
				return $this->errorNum ? null : false;
			}
		}

		// Get the next row from the result set as an object of type $class.
		if ($row = $this->fetchObject($cursor, $class))
		{
			return $row;
		}

		// Free up system resources and return.
		$this->freeResult($cursor);
		$cursor = null;

		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the next row in the result set from the database query as
an array.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  The result of the query as an array, false if there are
no more rows.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 * @deprecated  4.0 (CMS)  Use JDatabaseDriver::getIterator() instead
	 */
	public function loadNextRow()
	{
		JLog::add(__METHOD__ . '() is deprecated. Use
JDatabaseDriver::getIterator() instead.', JLog::WARNING,
'deprecated');
		$this->connect();

		static $cursor = null;

		// Execute the query and get the result set cursor.
		if (is_null($cursor))
		{
			if (!($cursor = $this->execute()))
			{
				return $this->errorNum ? null : false;
			}
		}

		// Get the next row from the result set as an object of type $class.
		if ($row = $this->fetchArray($cursor))
		{
			return $row;
		}

		// Free up system resources and return.
		$this->freeResult($cursor);
		$cursor = null;

		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the first row of the result set from the database query
as an object.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $class  The class name to use for the returned row
object.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed   The return value or null if the query failed.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function loadObject($class = 'stdClass')
	{
		$this->connect();

		$ret = null;

		// Execute the query and get the result set cursor.
		if (!($cursor = $this->execute()))
		{
			return;
		}

		// Get the first row from the result set as an object of type $class.
		if ($object = $this->fetchObject($cursor, $class))
		{
			$ret = $object;
		}

		// Free up system resources and return.
		$this->freeResult($cursor);

		return $ret;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get an array of the result set rows from the database query
where each row is an object.  The array
	 * of objects can optionally be keyed by a field name, but defaults to a
sequential numeric array.
	 *
	 * NOTE: Choosing to key the result array by a non-unique field name can
result in unwanted
	 * behavior and should be avoided.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $key    The name of a field on which to key the result
array.
	 * @param   string  $class  The class name to use for the returned row
objects.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed   The return value or null if the query failed.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function loadObjectList($key = '', $class =
'stdClass')
	{
		$this->connect();

		$array = array();

		// Execute the query and get the result set cursor.
		if (!($cursor = $this->execute()))
		{
			return;
		}

		// Get all of the rows from the result set as objects of type $class.
		while ($row = $this->fetchObject($cursor, $class))
		{
			if ($key)
			{
				$array[$row->$key] = $row;
			}
			else
			{
				$array[] = $row;
			}
		}

		// Free up system resources and return.
		$this->freeResult($cursor);

		return $array;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the first field of the first row of the result set from
the database query.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  The return value or null if the query failed.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function loadResult()
	{
		$this->connect();

		$ret = null;

		// Execute the query and get the result set cursor.
		if (!($cursor = $this->execute()))
		{
			return;
		}

		// Get the first row from the result set as an array.
		if ($row = $this->fetchArray($cursor))
		{
			$ret = $row[0];
		}

		// Free up system resources and return.
		$this->freeResult($cursor);

		return $ret;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get the first row of the result set from the database query
as an array.  Columns are indexed
	 * numerically so the first column in the result set would be accessible
via <var>$row[0]</var>, etc.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  The return value or null if the query failed.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function loadRow()
	{
		$this->connect();

		$ret = null;

		// Execute the query and get the result set cursor.
		if (!($cursor = $this->execute()))
		{
			return;
		}

		// Get the first row from the result set as an array.
		if ($row = $this->fetchArray($cursor))
		{
			$ret = $row;
		}

		// Free up system resources and return.
		$this->freeResult($cursor);

		return $ret;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to get an array of the result set rows from the database query
where each row is an array.  The array
	 * of objects can optionally be keyed by a field offset, but defaults to a
sequential numeric array.
	 *
	 * NOTE: Choosing to key the result array by a non-unique field can result
in unwanted
	 * behavior and should be avoided.
	 *
	 * @param   integer  $index  The index of a field on which to key the
result array.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed   The return value or null if the query failed.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function loadRowList($index = null)
	{
		$this->connect();

		$array = array();

		// Execute the query and get the result set cursor.
		if (!($cursor = $this->execute()))
		{
			return;
		}

		// Get all of the rows from the result set as arrays.
		while ($row = $this->fetchArray($cursor))
		{
			if ($index !== null)
			{
				$array[$row[$index]] = $row;
			}
			else
			{
				$array[] = $row;
			}
		}

		// Free up system resources and return.
		$this->freeResult($cursor);

		return $array;
	}

	/**
	 * Locks a table in the database.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $tableName  The name of the table to unlock.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriver     Returns this object to support chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   2.5.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	abstract public function lockTable($tableName);

	/**
	 * Quotes and optionally escapes a string to database requirements for use
in database queries.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed    $text    A string or an array of strings to quote.
	 * @param   boolean  $escape  True (default) to escape the string, false
to leave it unchanged.
	 *
	 * @return  string|array  The quoted input.
	 *
	 * @note    Accepting an array of strings was added in 12.3.
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	public function quote($text, $escape = true)
	{
		if (is_array($text))
		{
			foreach ($text as $k => $v)
			{
				$text[$k] = $this->quote($v, $escape);
			}

			return $text;
		}
		else
		{
			return '\'' . ($escape ? $this->escape($text) : $text)
. '\'';
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Quotes a binary string to database requirements for use in database
queries.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $data  A binary string to quote.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The binary quoted input string.
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.12
	 */
	public function quoteBinary($data)
	{
		// SQL standard syntax for hexadecimal literals
		return "X'" . bin2hex($data) . "'";
	}

	/**
	 * Wrap an SQL statement identifier name such as column, table or database
names in quotes to prevent injection
	 * risks and reserved word conflicts.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $name  The identifier name to wrap in quotes, or an
array of identifier names to wrap in quotes.
	 *                        Each type supports dot-notation name.
	 * @param   mixed  $as    The AS query part associated to $name. It can be
string or array, in latter case it has to be
	 *                        same length of $name; if is null there will not
be any AS part for string or array element.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  The quote wrapped name, same type of $name.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	public function quoteName($name, $as = null)
	{
		if (is_string($name))
		{
			$quotedName = $this->quoteNameStr(explode('.', $name));

			$quotedAs = '';

			if (!is_null($as))
			{
				settype($as, 'array');
				$quotedAs .= ' AS ' . $this->quoteNameStr($as);
			}

			return $quotedName . $quotedAs;
		}
		else
		{
			$fin = array();

			if (is_null($as))
			{
				foreach ($name as $str)
				{
					$fin[] = $this->quoteName($str);
				}
			}
			elseif (is_array($name) && (count($name) == count($as)))
			{
				$count = count($name);

				for ($i = 0; $i < $count; $i++)
				{
					$fin[] = $this->quoteName($name[$i], $as[$i]);
				}
			}

			return $fin;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Quote strings coming from quoteName call.
	 *
	 * @param   array  $strArr  Array of strings coming from quoteName
dot-explosion.
	 *
	 * @return  string  Dot-imploded string of quoted parts.
	 *
	 * @since 1.7.3
	 */
	protected function quoteNameStr($strArr)
	{
		$parts = array();
		$q = $this->nameQuote;

		foreach ($strArr as $part)
		{
			if (is_null($part))
			{
				continue;
			}

			if (strlen($q) == 1)
			{
				$parts[] = $q . str_replace($q, $q . $q, $part) . $q;
			}
			else
			{
				$parts[] = $q[0] . str_replace($q[1], $q[1] . $q[1], $part) . $q[1];
			}
		}

		return implode('.', $parts);
	}

	/**
	 * This function replaces a string identifier
<var>$prefix</var> with the string held is the
	 * <var>tablePrefix</var> class variable.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $sql     The SQL statement to prepare.
	 * @param   string  $prefix  The common table prefix.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The processed SQL statement.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	public function replacePrefix($sql, $prefix = '#__')
	{
		$startPos = 0;
		$literal = '';

		$sql = trim($sql);
		$n = strlen($sql);

		while ($startPos < $n)
		{
			$ip = strpos($sql, $prefix, $startPos);

			if ($ip === false)
			{
				break;
			}

			$j = strpos($sql, "'", $startPos);
			$k = strpos($sql, '"', $startPos);

			if (($k !== false) && (($k < $j) || ($j === false)))
			{
				$quoteChar = '"';
				$j = $k;
			}
			else
			{
				$quoteChar = "'";
			}

			if ($j === false)
			{
				$j = $n;
			}

			$literal .= str_replace($prefix, $this->tablePrefix, substr($sql,
$startPos, $j - $startPos));
			$startPos = $j;

			$j = $startPos + 1;

			if ($j >= $n)
			{
				break;
			}

			// Quote comes first, find end of quote
			while (true)
			{
				$k = strpos($sql, $quoteChar, $j);
				$escaped = false;

				if ($k === false)
				{
					break;
				}

				$l = $k - 1;

				while ($l >= 0 && $sql[$l] == '\\')
				{
					$l--;
					$escaped = !$escaped;
				}

				if ($escaped)
				{
					$j = $k + 1;
					continue;
				}

				break;
			}

			if ($k === false)
			{
				// Error in the query - no end quote; ignore it
				break;
			}

			$literal .= substr($sql, $startPos, $k - $startPos + 1);
			$startPos = $k + 1;
		}

		if ($startPos < $n)
		{
			$literal .= substr($sql, $startPos, $n - $startPos);
		}

		return $literal;
	}

	/**
	 * Renames a table in the database.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $oldTable  The name of the table to be renamed
	 * @param   string  $newTable  The new name for the table.
	 * @param   string  $backup    Table prefix
	 * @param   string  $prefix    For the table - used to rename constraints
in non-mysql databases
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriver    Returns this object to support chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   2.5.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	abstract public function renameTable($oldTable, $newTable, $backup = null,
$prefix = null);

	/**
	 * Select a database for use.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $database  The name of the database to select for use.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True if the database was successfully selected.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	abstract public function select($database);

	/**
	 * Sets the database debugging state for the driver.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $level  True to enable debugging.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  The old debugging level.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @deprecated  4.0  This will be removed in Joomla 4 without replacement
	 */
	public function setDebug($level)
	{
		$previous = $this->debug;
		$this->debug = (bool) $level;

		return $previous;
	}

	/**
	 * Sets the SQL statement string for later execution.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed    $query   The SQL statement to set either as a
JDatabaseQuery object or a string.
	 * @param   integer  $offset  The affected row offset to set.
	 * @param   integer  $limit   The maximum affected rows to set.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriver  This object to support method chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	public function setQuery($query, $offset = 0, $limit = 0)
	{
		$this->sql = $query;

		if ($query instanceof JDatabaseQueryLimitable)
		{
			if (!$limit && $query->limit)
			{
				$limit = $query->limit;
			}

			if (!$offset && $query->offset)
			{
				$offset = $query->offset;
			}

			$query->setLimit($limit, $offset);
		}
		else
		{
			$this->limit = (int) max(0, $limit);
			$this->offset = (int) max(0, $offset);
		}

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Set the connection to use UTF-8 character encoding.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	abstract public function setUtf();

	/**
	 * Method to commit a transaction.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $toSavepoint  If true, commit to the last savepoint.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	abstract public function transactionCommit($toSavepoint = false);

	/**
	 * Method to roll back a transaction.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $toSavepoint  If true, rollback to the last
savepoint.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	abstract public function transactionRollback($toSavepoint = false);

	/**
	 * Method to initialize a transaction.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $asSavepoint  If true and a transaction is already
active, a savepoint will be created.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	abstract public function transactionStart($asSavepoint = false);

	/**
	 * Method to truncate a table.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table  The table to truncate
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.3
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function truncateTable($table)
	{
		$this->setQuery('TRUNCATE TABLE ' .
$this->quoteName($table));
		$this->execute();
	}

	/**
	 * Updates a row in a table based on an object's properties.
	 *
	 * @param   string        $table    The name of the database table to
update.
	 * @param   object        &$object  A reference to an object whose
public properties match the table fields.
	 * @param   array|string  $key      The name of the primary key.
	 * @param   boolean       $nulls    True to update null fields or false to
ignore them.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function updateObject($table, &$object, $key, $nulls = false)
	{
		$fields = array();
		$where = array();

		if (is_string($key))
		{
			$key = array($key);
		}

		if (is_object($key))
		{
			$key = (array) $key;
		}

		// Create the base update statement.
		$statement = 'UPDATE ' . $this->quoteName($table) . '
SET %s WHERE %s';

		// Iterate over the object variables to build the query fields/value
pairs.
		foreach (get_object_vars($object) as $k => $v)
		{
			// Only process scalars that are not internal fields.
			if (is_array($v) || is_object($v) || $k[0] === '_')
			{
				continue;
			}

			// Set the primary key to the WHERE clause instead of a field to update.
			if (in_array($k, $key))
			{
				$where[] = $this->quoteName($k) . ($v === null ? ' IS
NULL' : ' = ' . $this->quote($v));
				continue;
			}

			// Prepare and sanitize the fields and values for the database query.
			if ($v === null)
			{
				// If the value is null and we want to update nulls then set it.
				if ($nulls)
				{
					$val = 'NULL';
				}
				// If the value is null and we do not want to update nulls then ignore
this field.
				else
				{
					continue;
				}
			}
			// The field is not null so we prep it for update.
			else
			{
				$val = $this->quote($v);
			}

			// Add the field to be updated.
			$fields[] = $this->quoteName($k) . '=' . $val;
		}

		// We don't have any fields to update.
		if (empty($fields))
		{
			return true;
		}

		// Set the query and execute the update.
		$this->setQuery(sprintf($statement, implode(',', $fields),
implode(' AND ', $where)));

		return $this->execute();
	}

	/**
	 * Execute the SQL statement.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  A database cursor resource on success, boolean false on
failure.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	abstract public function execute();

	/**
	 * Unlocks tables in the database.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriver  Returns this object to support chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   2.5.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	abstract public function unlockTables();
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * Exception class defining an error connecting to the database platform
 *
 * @since  3.6
 */
class JDatabaseExceptionConnecting extends RuntimeException
{
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * Exception class defining an error executing a statement
 *
 * @since  3.6
 */
class JDatabaseExceptionExecuting extends RuntimeException
{
	/**
	 * The SQL statement that was executed.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.6
	 */
	private $query;

	/**
	 * Construct the exception
	 *
	 * @param   string     $query     The SQL statement that was executed.
	 * @param   string     $message   The Exception message to throw.
[optional]
	 * @param   integer    $code      The Exception code. [optional]
	 * @param   Exception  $previous  The previous exception used for the
exception chaining. [optional]
	 *
	 * @since   3.6
	 */
	public function __construct($query, $message = '', $code = 0,
Exception $previous = null)
	{
		parent::__construct($message, $code, $previous);

		$this->query = $query;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the SQL statement that was executed
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   3.6
	 */
	public function getQuery()
	{
		return $this->query;
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * Exception class defining an unsupported database object
 *
 * @since  3.6
 */
class JDatabaseExceptionUnsupported extends RuntimeException
{
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * MySQL export driver.
 *
 * @since       1.7.0
 * @deprecated  4.0  Use MySQLi or PDO MySQL instead
 */
class JDatabaseExporterMysql extends JDatabaseExporterMysqli
{
	/**
	 * Checks if all data and options are in order prior to exporting.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseExporterMysql  Method supports chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  Exception if an error is encountered.
	 */
	public function check()
	{
		// Check if the db connector has been set.
		if (!($this->db instanceof JDatabaseDriverMysql))
		{
			throw new
Exception('JPLATFORM_ERROR_DATABASE_CONNECTOR_WRONG_TYPE');
		}

		// Check if the tables have been specified.
		if (empty($this->from))
		{
			throw new Exception('JPLATFORM_ERROR_NO_TABLES_SPECIFIED');
		}

		return $this;
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * MySQLi export driver.
 *
 * @since  1.7.0
 */
class JDatabaseExporterMysqli extends JDatabaseExporter
{
	/**
	 * Builds the XML data for the tables to export.
	 *
	 * @return  string  An XML string
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  Exception if an error occurs.
	 */
	protected function buildXml()
	{
		$buffer = array();

		$buffer[] = '<?xml version="1.0"?>';
		$buffer[] = '<mysqldump
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">';
		$buffer[] = ' <database name="">';

		$buffer = array_merge($buffer, $this->buildXmlStructure());

		$buffer[] = ' </database>';
		$buffer[] = '</mysqldump>';

		return implode("\n", $buffer);
	}

	/**
	 * Builds the XML structure to export.
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of XML lines (strings).
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  Exception if an error occurs.
	 */
	protected function buildXmlStructure()
	{
		$buffer = array();

		foreach ($this->from as $table)
		{
			// Replace the magic prefix if found.
			$table = $this->getGenericTableName($table);

			// Get the details columns information.
			$fields = $this->db->getTableColumns($table, false);
			$keys = $this->db->getTableKeys($table);

			$buffer[] = '  <table_structure name="' . $table .
'">';

			foreach ($fields as $field)
			{
				$buffer[] = '   <field Field="' . $field->Field .
'"' . ' Type="' . $field->Type .
'"' . ' Null="' . $field->Null .
'"' . ' Key="' .
					$field->Key . '"' . (isset($field->Default) ?
' Default="' . $field->Default . '"' :
'') . ' Extra="' . $field->Extra .
'"' .
					' />';
			}

			foreach ($keys as $key)
			{
				$buffer[] = '   <key Table="' . $table .
'"' . ' Non_unique="' . $key->Non_unique .
'"' . ' Key_name="' . $key->Key_name .
'"' .
					' Seq_in_index="' . $key->Seq_in_index .
'"' . ' Column_name="' . $key->Column_name
. '"' . ' Collation="' . $key->Collation .
'"' .
					' Null="' . $key->Null . '"' . '
Index_type="' . $key->Index_type . '"' .
					' Comment="' . htmlspecialchars($key->Comment,
ENT_COMPAT, 'UTF-8') . '"' . ' />';
			}

			$buffer[] = '  </table_structure>';
		}

		return $buffer;
	}

	/**
	 * Checks if all data and options are in order prior to exporting.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseExporterMysqli  Method supports chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  Exception if an error is encountered.
	 */
	public function check()
	{
		// Check if the db connector has been set.
		if (!($this->db instanceof JDatabaseDriverMysqli))
		{
			throw new
Exception('JPLATFORM_ERROR_DATABASE_CONNECTOR_WRONG_TYPE');
		}

		// Check if the tables have been specified.
		if (empty($this->from))
		{
			throw new Exception('JPLATFORM_ERROR_NO_TABLES_SPECIFIED');
		}

		return $this;
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * MySQL export driver for the PDO based MySQL database driver.
 *
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 * @since       3.4
 */
class JDatabaseExporterPdomysql extends JDatabaseExporter
{
	/**
	 * Builds the XML data for the tables to export.
	 *
	 * @return  string  An XML string
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 * @throws  Exception if an error occurs.
	 */
	protected function buildXml()
	{
		$buffer   = array();

		$buffer[] = '<?xml version="1.0"?>';
		$buffer[] = '<mysqldump
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">';
		$buffer[] = ' <database name="">';

		$buffer   = array_merge($buffer, $this->buildXmlStructure());

		$buffer[] = ' </database>';
		$buffer[] = '</mysqldump>';

		return implode("\n", $buffer);
	}

	/**
	 * Builds the XML structure to export.
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of XML lines (strings).
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 * @throws  Exception if an error occurs.
	 */
	protected function buildXmlStructure()
	{
		$buffer = array();

		foreach ($this->from as $table)
		{
			// Replace the magic prefix if found.
			$table = $this->getGenericTableName($table);

			// Get the details columns information.
			$fields = $this->db->getTableColumns($table, false);
			$keys   = $this->db->getTableKeys($table);

			$buffer[] = '  <table_structure name="' . $table .
'">';

			foreach ($fields as $field)
			{
				$buffer[] = '   <field Field="' . $field->Field .
'"' . ' Type="' . $field->Type .
'"' . ' Null="' . $field->Null .
'"' . ' Key="' .
					$field->Key . '"' . (isset($field->Default) ?
' Default="' . $field->Default . '"' :
'') . ' Extra="' . $field->Extra .
'"' .
					' />';
			}

			foreach ($keys as $key)
			{
				$buffer[] = '   <key Table="' . $table .
'"' . ' Non_unique="' . $key->Non_unique .
'"' . ' Key_name="' . $key->Key_name .
'"' .
					' Seq_in_index="' . $key->Seq_in_index .
'"' . ' Column_name="' . $key->Column_name
. '"' . ' Collation="' . $key->Collation .
'"' .
					' Null="' . $key->Null . '"' . '
Index_type="' . $key->Index_type . '"' .
					' Comment="' . htmlspecialchars($key->Comment,
ENT_COMPAT, 'UTF-8') . '"' . ' />';
			}

			$buffer[] = '  </table_structure>';
		}

		return $buffer;
	}

	/**
	 * Checks if all data and options are in order prior to exporting.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseExporterPdomysql  Method supports chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 * @throws  Exception if an error is encountered.
	 */
	public function check()
	{
		// Check if the db connector has been set.
		if (!($this->db instanceof JDatabaseDriverPdomysql))
		{
			throw new
Exception('JPLATFORM_ERROR_DATABASE_CONNECTOR_WRONG_TYPE');
		}

		// Check if the tables have been specified.
		if (empty($this->from))
		{
			throw new Exception('JPLATFORM_ERROR_NO_TABLES_SPECIFIED');
		}

		return $this;
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * PDO PostgreSQL Database Exporter.
 *
 * @since  3.9.0
 */
class JDatabaseExporterPgsql extends JDatabaseExporterPostgresql
{
	/**
	 * Checks if all data and options are in order prior to exporting.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseExporterPgsql  Method supports chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 * @throws  \Exception if an error is encountered.
	 */
	public function check()
	{
		// Check if the db connector has been set.
		if (!($this->db instanceof JDatabaseDriverPgsql))
		{
			throw new
Exception('JPLATFORM_ERROR_DATABASE_CONNECTOR_WRONG_TYPE');
		}

		// Check if the tables have been specified.
		if (empty($this->from))
		{
			throw new Exception('JPLATFORM_ERROR_NO_TABLES_SPECIFIED');
		}

		return $this;
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * PostgreSQL export driver.
 *
 * @since       3.0.0
 * @deprecated  4.0  Use PDO PostgreSQL instead
 *
 * @property-read  JDatabaseDriverPostgresql  $db  The database connector
to use for exporting structure and/or data.
 */
class JDatabaseExporterPostgresql extends JDatabaseExporter
{
	/**
	 * Builds the XML data for the tables to export.
	 *
	 * @return  string  An XML string
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  Exception if an error occurs.
	 */
	protected function buildXml()
	{
		$buffer = array();

		$buffer[] = '<?xml version="1.0"?>';
		$buffer[] = '<postgresqldump
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">';
		$buffer[] = ' <database name="">';

		$buffer = array_merge($buffer, $this->buildXmlStructure());

		$buffer[] = ' </database>';
		$buffer[] = '</postgresqldump>';

		return implode("\n", $buffer);
	}

	/**
	 * Builds the XML structure to export.
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of XML lines (strings).
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  Exception if an error occurs.
	 */
	protected function buildXmlStructure()
	{
		$buffer = array();

		foreach ($this->from as $table)
		{
			// Replace the magic prefix if found.
			$table = $this->getGenericTableName($table);

			// Get the details columns information.
			$fields = $this->db->getTableColumns($table, false);
			$keys = $this->db->getTableKeys($table);
			$sequences = $this->db->getTableSequences($table);

			$buffer[] = '  <table_structure name="' . $table .
'">';

			foreach ($sequences as $sequence)
			{
				if (version_compare($this->db->getVersion(), '9.1.0')
< 0)
				{
					$sequence->start_value = null;
				}

				$buffer[] = '   <sequence Name="' .
$sequence->sequence . '"' . ' Schema="' .
$sequence->schema . '"' .
					' Table="' . $sequence->table . '"' .
' Column="' . $sequence->column . '"' .
' Type="' . $sequence->data_type . '"' .
					' Start_Value="' . $sequence->start_value .
'"' . ' Min_Value="' .
$sequence->minimum_value . '"' .
					' Max_Value="' . $sequence->maximum_value .
'"' . ' Increment="' .
$sequence->increment . '"' .
					' Cycle_option="' . $sequence->cycle_option .
'"' .
					' />';
			}

			foreach ($fields as $field)
			{
				$buffer[] = '   <field Field="' .
$field->column_name . '"' . ' Type="' .
$field->type . '"' . ' Null="' .
$field->null . '"' .
							(isset($field->default) ? ' Default="' .
$field->default . '"' : '') . '
Comments="' . $field->comments . '"' .
					' />';
			}

			foreach ($keys as $key)
			{
				$buffer[] = '   <key Index="' . $key->idxName .
'"' . ' is_primary="' . $key->isPrimary .
'"' . ' is_unique="' . $key->isUnique .
'"' .
					' Query="' . $key->Query . '" />';
			}

			$buffer[] = '  </table_structure>';
		}

		return $buffer;
	}

	/**
	 * Checks if all data and options are in order prior to exporting.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseExporterPostgresql  Method supports chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  Exception if an error is encountered.
	 */
	public function check()
	{
		// Check if the db connector has been set.
		if (!($this->db instanceof JDatabaseDriverPostgresql))
		{
			throw new
Exception('JPLATFORM_ERROR_DATABASE_CONNECTOR_WRONG_TYPE');
		}

		// Check if the tables have been specified.
		if (empty($this->from))
		{
			throw new Exception('JPLATFORM_ERROR_NO_TABLES_SPECIFIED');
		}

		return $this;
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * Joomla Platform Database Exporter Class
 *
 * @since  3.0.0
 */
abstract class JDatabaseExporter
{
	/**
	 * The type of output format (xml).
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.2.0
	 */
	protected $asFormat = 'xml';

	/**
	 * An array of cached data.
	 *
	 * @var    array
	 * @since  3.2.0
	 */
	protected $cache = array();

	/**
	 * The database connector to use for exporting structure and/or data.
	 *
	 * @var    JDatabaseDriver
	 * @since  3.2.0
	 */
	protected $db = null;

	/**
	 * An array input sources (table names).
	 *
	 * @var    array
	 * @since  3.2.0
	 */
	protected $from = array();

	/**
	 * An array of options for the exporter.
	 *
	 * @var    object
	 * @since  3.2.0
	 */
	protected $options = null;

	/**
	 * Constructor.
	 *
	 * Sets up the default options for the exporter.
	 *
	 * @since   3.2.0
	 */
	public function __construct()
	{
		$this->options = new stdClass;

		$this->cache = array('columns' => array(),
'keys' => array());

		// Set up the class defaults:

		// Export with only structure
		$this->withStructure();

		// Export as xml.
		$this->asXml();

		// Default destination is a string using $output = (string) $exporter;
	}

	/**
	 * Magic function to exports the data to a string.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   3.2.0
	 * @throws  Exception if an error is encountered.
	 */
	public function __toString()
	{
		// Check everything is ok to run first.
		$this->check();

		// Get the format.
		switch ($this->asFormat)
		{
			case 'xml':
			default:
				$buffer = $this->buildXml();
				break;
		}

		return $buffer;
	}

	/**
	 * Set the output option for the exporter to XML format.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseExporter  Method supports chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.2.0
	 */
	public function asXml()
	{
		$this->asFormat = 'xml';

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Builds the XML data for the tables to export.
	 *
	 * @return  string  An XML string
	 *
	 * @since   3.2.0
	 * @throws  Exception if an error occurs.
	 */
	abstract protected function buildXml();

	/**
	 * Builds the XML structure to export.
	 *
	 * @return  array  An array of XML lines (strings).
	 *
	 * @since   3.2.0
	 * @throws  Exception if an error occurs.
	 */
	abstract protected function buildXmlStructure();

	/**
	 * Checks if all data and options are in order prior to exporting.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriver  Method supports chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.2.0
	 * @throws  Exception if an error is encountered.
	 */
	abstract public function check();

	/**
	 * Specifies a list of table names to export.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $from  The name of a single table, or an array of the
table names to export.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseExporter  Method supports chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.2.0
	 * @throws  Exception if input is not a string or array.
	 */
	public function from($from)
	{
		if (is_string($from))
		{
			$this->from = array($from);
		}
		elseif (is_array($from))
		{
			$this->from = $from;
		}
		else
		{
			throw new
Exception('JPLATFORM_ERROR_INPUT_REQUIRES_STRING_OR_ARRAY');
		}

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the generic name of the table, converting the database prefix to
the wildcard string.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table  The name of the table.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The name of the table with the database prefix
replaced with #__.
	 *
	 * @since   3.2.0
	 */
	protected function getGenericTableName($table)
	{
		$prefix = $this->db->getPrefix();

		// Replace the magic prefix if found.
		$table = preg_replace("|^$prefix|", '#__', $table);

		return $table;
	}

	/**
	 * Sets the database connector to use for exporting structure and/or data
from MySQL.
	 *
	 * @param   JDatabaseDriver  $db  The database connector.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseExporter  Method supports chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.2.0
	 */
	public function setDbo(JDatabaseDriver $db)
	{
		$this->db = $db;

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Sets an internal option to export the structure of the input table(s).
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $setting  True to export the structure, false to not.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseExporter  Method supports chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.2.0
	 */
	public function withStructure($setting = true)
	{
		$this->options->withStructure = (boolean) $setting;

		return $this;
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * Joomla Platform Database Factory class
 *
 * @since  3.0.0
 */
class JDatabaseFactory
{
	/**
	 * Contains the current JDatabaseFactory instance
	 *
	 * @var    JDatabaseFactory
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	private static $_instance = null;

	/**
	 * Method to return a JDatabaseDriver instance based on the given options.
There are three global options and then
	 * the rest are specific to the database driver. The 'database'
option determines which database is to
	 * be used for the connection. The 'select' option determines
whether the connector should automatically select
	 * the chosen database.
	 *
	 * Instances are unique to the given options and new objects are only
created when a unique options array is
	 * passed into the method.  This ensures that we don't end up with
unnecessary database connection resources.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $name     Name of the database driver you'd like
to instantiate
	 * @param   array   $options  Parameters to be passed to the database
driver.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseDriver  A database driver object.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getDriver($name = 'mysqli', $options = array())
	{
		// Sanitize the database connector options.
		$options['driver']   =
preg_replace('/[^A-Z0-9_\.-]/i', '', $name);
		$options['database'] = (isset($options['database']))
? $options['database'] : null;
		$options['select']   = (isset($options['select'])) ?
$options['select'] : true;

		// Derive the class name from the driver.
		$class = 'JDatabaseDriver' .
ucfirst(strtolower($options['driver']));

		// If the class still doesn't exist we have nothing left to do but
throw an exception.  We did our best.
		if (!class_exists($class))
		{
			throw new JDatabaseExceptionUnsupported(sprintf('Unable to load
Database Driver: %s', $options['driver']));
		}

		// Create our new JDatabaseDriver connector based on the options given.
		try
		{
			$instance = new $class($options);
		}
		catch (RuntimeException $e)
		{
			throw new JDatabaseExceptionConnecting(sprintf('Unable to connect
to the Database: %s', $e->getMessage()), $e->getCode(), $e);
		}

		return $instance;
	}

	/**
	 * Gets an exporter class object.
	 *
	 * @param   string           $name  Name of the driver you want an
exporter for.
	 * @param   JDatabaseDriver  $db    Optional JDatabaseDriver instance
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseExporter  An exporter object.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getExporter($name, JDatabaseDriver $db = null)
	{
		// Derive the class name from the driver.
		$class = 'JDatabaseExporter' . ucfirst(strtolower($name));

		// Make sure we have an exporter class for this driver.
		if (!class_exists($class))
		{
			// If it doesn't exist we are at an impasse so throw an exception.
			throw new JDatabaseExceptionUnsupported('Database Exporter not
found.');
		}

		$o = new $class;

		if ($db instanceof JDatabaseDriver)
		{
			$o->setDbo($db);
		}

		return $o;
	}

	/**
	 * Gets an importer class object.
	 *
	 * @param   string           $name  Name of the driver you want an
importer for.
	 * @param   JDatabaseDriver  $db    Optional JDatabaseDriver instance
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseImporter  An importer object.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getImporter($name, JDatabaseDriver $db = null)
	{
		// Derive the class name from the driver.
		$class = 'JDatabaseImporter' . ucfirst(strtolower($name));

		// Make sure we have an importer class for this driver.
		if (!class_exists($class))
		{
			// If it doesn't exist we are at an impasse so throw an exception.
			throw new JDatabaseExceptionUnsupported('Database importer not
found.');
		}

		$o = new $class;

		if ($db instanceof JDatabaseDriver)
		{
			$o->setDbo($db);
		}

		return $o;
	}

	/**
	 * Gets an instance of the factory object.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseFactory
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public static function getInstance()
	{
		return self::$_instance ? self::$_instance : new JDatabaseFactory;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the current query object or a new JDatabaseQuery object.
	 *
	 * @param   string           $name  Name of the driver you want an query
object for.
	 * @param   JDatabaseDriver  $db    Optional JDatabaseDriver instance
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseQuery  The current query object or a new object
extending the JDatabaseQuery class.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function getQuery($name, JDatabaseDriver $db = null)
	{
		// Derive the class name from the driver.
		$class = 'JDatabaseQuery' . ucfirst(strtolower($name));

		// Make sure we have a query class for this driver.
		if (!class_exists($class))
		{
			// If it doesn't exist we are at an impasse so throw an exception.
			throw new JDatabaseExceptionUnsupported('Database Query class not
found');
		}

		return new $class($db);
	}

	/**
	 * Gets an instance of a factory object to return on subsequent calls of
getInstance.
	 *
	 * @param   JDatabaseFactory  $instance  A JDatabaseFactory object.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public static function setInstance(JDatabaseFactory $instance = null)
	{
		self::$_instance = $instance;
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * MySQL import driver.
 *
 * @since       1.7.0
 * @deprecated  4.0  Use MySQLi or PDO MySQL instead
 */
class JDatabaseImporterMysql extends JDatabaseImporterMysqli
{
	/**
	 * Checks if all data and options are in order prior to exporting.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseImporterMysql  Method supports chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  Exception if an error is encountered.
	 */
	public function check()
	{
		// Check if the db connector has been set.
		if (!($this->db instanceof JDatabaseDriverMysql))
		{
			throw new
Exception('JPLATFORM_ERROR_DATABASE_CONNECTOR_WRONG_TYPE');
		}

		// Check if the tables have been specified.
		if (empty($this->from))
		{
			throw new Exception('JPLATFORM_ERROR_NO_TABLES_SPECIFIED');
		}

		return $this;
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * MySQLi import driver.
 *
 * @since  1.7.0
 */
class JDatabaseImporterMysqli extends JDatabaseImporter
{
	/**
	 * Checks if all data and options are in order prior to exporting.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseImporterMysqli  Method supports chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  Exception if an error is encountered.
	 */
	public function check()
	{
		// Check if the db connector has been set.
		if (!($this->db instanceof JDatabaseDriverMysqli))
		{
			throw new
Exception('JPLATFORM_ERROR_DATABASE_CONNECTOR_WRONG_TYPE');
		}

		// Check if the tables have been specified.
		if (empty($this->from))
		{
			throw new Exception('JPLATFORM_ERROR_NO_TABLES_SPECIFIED');
		}

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the SQL syntax to add a table.
	 *
	 * @param   SimpleXMLElement  $table  The table information.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	protected function xmlToCreate(SimpleXMLElement $table)
	{
		$existingTables = $this->db->getTableList();
		$tableName = (string) $table['name'];

		if (in_array($tableName, $existingTables))
		{
			throw new RuntimeException('The table you are trying to create
already exists');
		}

		$createTableStatement = 'CREATE TABLE ' .
$this->db->quoteName($tableName) . ' (';

		foreach ($table->xpath('field') as $field)
		{
			$createTableStatement .= $this->getColumnSQL($field) . ',
';
		}

		$newLookup = $this->getKeyLookup($table->xpath('key'));

		// Loop through each key in the new structure.
		foreach ($newLookup as $key)
		{
			$createTableStatement .= $this->getKeySQL($key) . ', ';
		}

		// Remove the comma after the last key
		$createTableStatement = rtrim($createTableStatement, ', ');

		$createTableStatement .= ')';

		return $createTableStatement;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the SQL syntax to add a column.
	 *
	 * @param   string            $table  The table name.
	 * @param   SimpleXMLElement  $field  The XML field definition.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	protected function getAddColumnSql($table, SimpleXMLElement $field)
	{
		return 'ALTER TABLE ' . $this->db->quoteName($table) .
' ADD COLUMN ' . $this->getColumnSql($field);
	}

	/**
	 * Get the SQL syntax to add a key.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table  The table name.
	 * @param   array   $keys   An array of the fields pertaining to this key.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	protected function getAddKeySql($table, $keys)
	{
		return 'ALTER TABLE ' . $this->db->quoteName($table) .
' ADD ' . $this->getKeySql($keys);
	}

	/**
	 * Get alters for table if there is a difference.
	 *
	 * @param   SimpleXMLElement  $structure  The XML structure of the table.
	 *
	 * @return  array
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	protected function getAlterTableSql(SimpleXMLElement $structure)
	{
		$table = $this->getRealTableName($structure['name']);
		$oldFields = $this->db->getTableColumns($table, false);
		$oldKeys = $this->db->getTableKeys($table);
		$alters = array();

		// Get the fields and keys from the XML that we are aiming for.
		$newFields = $structure->xpath('field');
		$newKeys = $structure->xpath('key');

		// Loop through each field in the new structure.
		foreach ($newFields as $field)
		{
			$fName = (string) $field['Field'];

			if (isset($oldFields[$fName]))
			{
				// The field exists, check it's the same.
				$column = $oldFields[$fName];

				// Test whether there is a change.
				$change = ((string) $field['Type'] != $column->Type) ||
((string) $field['Null'] != $column->Null)
					|| ((string) $field['Default'] != $column->Default) ||
((string) $field['Extra'] != $column->Extra);

				if ($change)
				{
					$alters[] = $this->getChangeColumnSql($table, $field);
				}

				// Unset this field so that what we have left are fields that need to
be removed.
				unset($oldFields[$fName]);
			}
			else
			{
				// The field is new.
				$alters[] = $this->getAddColumnSql($table, $field);
			}
		}

		// Any columns left are orphans
		foreach ($oldFields as $name => $column)
		{
			// Delete the column.
			$alters[] = $this->getDropColumnSql($table, $name);
		}

		// Get the lookups for the old and new keys.
		$oldLookup = $this->getKeyLookup($oldKeys);
		$newLookup = $this->getKeyLookup($newKeys);

		// Loop through each key in the new structure.
		foreach ($newLookup as $name => $keys)
		{
			// Check if there are keys on this field in the existing table.
			if (isset($oldLookup[$name]))
			{
				$same = true;
				$newCount = count($newLookup[$name]);
				$oldCount = count($oldLookup[$name]);

				// There is a key on this field in the old and new tables. Are they the
same?
				if ($newCount == $oldCount)
				{
					// Need to loop through each key and do a fine grained check.
					for ($i = 0; $i < $newCount; $i++)
					{
						$same = (((string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Non_unique'] ==
$oldLookup[$name][$i]->Non_unique)
							&& ((string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Column_name']
== $oldLookup[$name][$i]->Column_name)
							&& ((string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Seq_in_index']
== $oldLookup[$name][$i]->Seq_in_index)
							&& ((string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Collation'] ==
$oldLookup[$name][$i]->Collation)
							&& ((string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Index_type']
== $oldLookup[$name][$i]->Index_type));

						/*
						Debug.
						echo '<pre>';
						echo '<br />Non_unique:   '.
							((string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Non_unique'] ==
$oldLookup[$name][$i]->Non_unique ? 'Pass' :
'Fail').' '.
							(string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Non_unique'].' vs
'.$oldLookup[$name][$i]->Non_unique;
						echo '<br />Column_name:  '.
							((string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Column_name'] ==
$oldLookup[$name][$i]->Column_name ? 'Pass' :
'Fail').' '.
							(string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Column_name'].' vs
'.$oldLookup[$name][$i]->Column_name;
						echo '<br />Seq_in_index: '.
							((string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Seq_in_index'] ==
$oldLookup[$name][$i]->Seq_in_index ? 'Pass' :
'Fail').' '.
							(string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Seq_in_index'].' vs
'.$oldLookup[$name][$i]->Seq_in_index;
						echo '<br />Collation:    '.
							((string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Collation'] ==
$oldLookup[$name][$i]->Collation ? 'Pass' :
'Fail').' '.
							(string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Collation'].' vs
'.$oldLookup[$name][$i]->Collation;
						echo '<br />Index_type:   '.
							((string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Index_type'] ==
$oldLookup[$name][$i]->Index_type ? 'Pass' :
'Fail').' '.
							(string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Index_type'].' vs
'.$oldLookup[$name][$i]->Index_type;
						echo '<br />Same = '.($same ? 'true' :
'false');
						echo '</pre>';
						 */

						if (!$same)
						{
							// Break out of the loop. No need to check further.
							break;
						}
					}
				}
				else
				{
					// Count is different, just drop and add.
					$same = false;
				}

				if (!$same)
				{
					$alters[] = $this->getDropKeySql($table, $name);
					$alters[] = $this->getAddKeySql($table, $keys);
				}

				// Unset this field so that what we have left are fields that need to
be removed.
				unset($oldLookup[$name]);
			}
			else
			{
				// This is a new key.
				$alters[] = $this->getAddKeySql($table, $keys);
			}
		}

		// Any keys left are orphans.
		foreach ($oldLookup as $name => $keys)
		{
			if (strtoupper($name) == 'PRIMARY')
			{
				$alters[] = $this->getDropPrimaryKeySql($table);
			}
			else
			{
				$alters[] = $this->getDropKeySql($table, $name);
			}
		}

		return $alters;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the syntax to alter a column.
	 *
	 * @param   string            $table  The name of the database table to
alter.
	 * @param   SimpleXMLElement  $field  The XML definition for the field.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	protected function getChangeColumnSql($table, SimpleXMLElement $field)
	{
		return 'ALTER TABLE ' . $this->db->quoteName($table) .
' CHANGE COLUMN ' . $this->db->quoteName((string)
$field['Field']) . ' '
			. $this->getColumnSql($field);
	}

	/**
	 * Get the SQL syntax for a single column that would be included in a
table create or alter statement.
	 *
	 * @param   SimpleXMLElement  $field  The XML field definition.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	protected function getColumnSql(SimpleXMLElement $field)
	{
		// TODO Incorporate into parent class and use $this.
		$blobs = array('text', 'smalltext',
'mediumtext', 'largetext');

		$fName = (string) $field['Field'];
		$fType = (string) $field['Type'];
		$fNull = (string) $field['Null'];
		$fDefault = isset($field['Default']) ? (string)
$field['Default'] : null;
		$fExtra = (string) $field['Extra'];

		$query = $this->db->quoteName($fName) . ' ' . $fType;

		if ($fNull == 'NO')
		{
			if (in_array($fType, $blobs) || $fDefault === null)
			{
				$query .= ' NOT NULL';
			}
			else
			{
				// TODO Don't quote numeric values.
				$query .= ' NOT NULL DEFAULT ' .
$this->db->quote($fDefault);
			}
		}
		else
		{
			if ($fDefault === null)
			{
				$query .= ' DEFAULT NULL';
			}
			else
			{
				// TODO Don't quote numeric values.
				$query .= ' DEFAULT ' . $this->db->quote($fDefault);
			}
		}

		if ($fExtra)
		{
			$query .= ' ' . strtoupper($fExtra);
		}

		return $query;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the SQL syntax to drop a key.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table  The table name.
	 * @param   string  $name   The name of the key to drop.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	protected function getDropKeySql($table, $name)
	{
		return 'ALTER TABLE ' . $this->db->quoteName($table) .
' DROP KEY ' . $this->db->quoteName($name);
	}

	/**
	 * Get the SQL syntax to drop a key.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table  The table name.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	protected function getDropPrimaryKeySql($table)
	{
		return 'ALTER TABLE ' . $this->db->quoteName($table) .
' DROP PRIMARY KEY';
	}

	/**
	 * Get the details list of keys for a table.
	 *
	 * @param   array  $keys  An array of objects that comprise the keys for
the table.
	 *
	 * @return  array  The lookup array. array({key name} => array(object,
...))
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 * @throws  Exception
	 */
	protected function getKeyLookup($keys)
	{
		// First pass, create a lookup of the keys.
		$lookup = array();

		foreach ($keys as $key)
		{
			if ($key instanceof SimpleXMLElement)
			{
				$kName = (string) $key['Key_name'];
			}
			else
			{
				$kName = $key->Key_name;
			}

			if (empty($lookup[$kName]))
			{
				$lookup[$kName] = array();
			}

			$lookup[$kName][] = $key;
		}

		return $lookup;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the SQL syntax for a key.
	 *
	 * @param   array  $columns  An array of SimpleXMLElement objects
comprising the key.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	protected function getKeySql($columns)
	{
		// TODO Error checking on array and element types.

		$kNonUnique = (string) $columns[0]['Non_unique'];
		$kName = (string) $columns[0]['Key_name'];
		$kColumn = (string) $columns[0]['Column_name'];

		$prefix = '';

		if ($kName == 'PRIMARY')
		{
			$prefix = 'PRIMARY ';
		}
		elseif ($kNonUnique == 0)
		{
			$prefix = 'UNIQUE ';
		}

		$nColumns = count($columns);
		$kColumns = array();

		if ($nColumns == 1)
		{
			$kColumns[] = $this->db->quoteName($kColumn);
		}
		else
		{
			foreach ($columns as $column)
			{
				$kColumns[] = (string) $column['Column_name'];
			}
		}

		$query = $prefix . 'KEY ' . ($kName != 'PRIMARY' ?
$this->db->quoteName($kName) : '') . ' (' .
implode(',', $kColumns) . ')';

		return $query;
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * MySQL import driver for the PDO based MySQL database driver.
 *
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 * @since       3.4
 */
class JDatabaseImporterPdomysql extends JDatabaseImporter
{
	/**
	 * Get the SQL syntax to add a column.
	 *
	 * @param   string            $table  The table name.
	 * @param   SimpleXMLElement  $field  The XML field definition.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 */
	protected function getAddColumnSql($table, SimpleXMLElement $field)
	{
		$sql = 'ALTER TABLE ' . $this->db->quoteName($table) .
' ADD COLUMN ' . $this->getColumnSql($field);

		return $sql;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the SQL syntax to add a key.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table  The table name.
	 * @param   array   $keys   An array of the fields pertaining to this key.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 */
	protected function getAddKeySql($table, $keys)
	{
		$sql = 'ALTER TABLE ' . $this->db->quoteName($table) .
' ADD ' . $this->getKeySql($keys);

		return $sql;
	}

	/**
	 * Get alters for table if there is a difference.
	 *
	 * @param   SimpleXMLElement  $structure  The XML structure of the table.
	 *
	 * @return  array
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 */
	protected function getAlterTableSql(SimpleXMLElement $structure)
	{
		// Initialise variables.
		$table     = $this->getRealTableName($structure['name']);
		$oldFields = $this->db->getTableColumns($table);
		$oldKeys   = $this->db->getTableKeys($table);
		$alters    = array();

		// Get the fields and keys from the XML that we are aiming for.
		$newFields = $structure->xpath('field');
		$newKeys   = $structure->xpath('key');

		// Loop through each field in the new structure.
		foreach ($newFields as $field)
		{
			$fName = (string) $field['Field'];

			if (isset($oldFields[$fName]))
			{
				// The field exists, check it's the same.
				$column = $oldFields[$fName];

				// Test whether there is a change.
				$change = ((string) $field['Type'] != $column->Type) ||
((string) $field['Null'] != $column->Null)
					|| ((string) $field['Default'] != $column->Default) ||
((string) $field['Extra'] != $column->Extra);

				if ($change)
				{
					$alters[] = $this->getChangeColumnSql($table, $field);
				}

				// Unset this field so that what we have left are fields that need to
be removed.
				unset($oldFields[$fName]);
			}
			else
			{
				// The field is new.
				$alters[] = $this->getAddColumnSql($table, $field);
			}
		}

		// Any columns left are orphans
		foreach ($oldFields as $name => $column)
		{
			// Delete the column.
			$alters[] = $this->getDropColumnSql($table, $name);
		}

		// Get the lookups for the old and new keys.
		$oldLookup = $this->getKeyLookup($oldKeys);
		$newLookup = $this->getKeyLookup($newKeys);

		// Loop through each key in the new structure.
		foreach ($newLookup as $name => $keys)
		{
			// Check if there are keys on this field in the existing table.
			if (isset($oldLookup[$name]))
			{
				$same     = true;
				$newCount = count($newLookup[$name]);
				$oldCount = count($oldLookup[$name]);

				// There is a key on this field in the old and new tables. Are they the
same?
				if ($newCount == $oldCount)
				{
					// Need to loop through each key and do a fine grained check.
					for ($i = 0; $i < $newCount; $i++)
					{
						$same = (((string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Non_unique'] ==
$oldLookup[$name][$i]->Non_unique)
							&& ((string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Column_name']
== $oldLookup[$name][$i]->Column_name)
							&& ((string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Seq_in_index']
== $oldLookup[$name][$i]->Seq_in_index)
							&& ((string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Collation'] ==
$oldLookup[$name][$i]->Collation)
							&& ((string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Index_type']
== $oldLookup[$name][$i]->Index_type));

						/*
						Debug.
						echo '<pre>';
						echo '<br />Non_unique:   '.
							((string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Non_unique'] ==
$oldLookup[$name][$i]->Non_unique ? 'Pass' :
'Fail').' '.
							(string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Non_unique'].' vs
'.$oldLookup[$name][$i]->Non_unique;
						echo '<br />Column_name:  '.
							((string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Column_name'] ==
$oldLookup[$name][$i]->Column_name ? 'Pass' :
'Fail').' '.
							(string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Column_name'].' vs
'.$oldLookup[$name][$i]->Column_name;
						echo '<br />Seq_in_index: '.
							((string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Seq_in_index'] ==
$oldLookup[$name][$i]->Seq_in_index ? 'Pass' :
'Fail').' '.
							(string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Seq_in_index'].' vs
'.$oldLookup[$name][$i]->Seq_in_index;
						echo '<br />Collation:    '.
							((string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Collation'] ==
$oldLookup[$name][$i]->Collation ? 'Pass' :
'Fail').' '.
							(string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Collation'].' vs
'.$oldLookup[$name][$i]->Collation;
						echo '<br />Index_type:   '.
							((string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Index_type'] ==
$oldLookup[$name][$i]->Index_type ? 'Pass' :
'Fail').' '.
							(string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Index_type'].' vs
'.$oldLookup[$name][$i]->Index_type;
						echo '<br />Same = '.($same ? 'true' :
'false');
						echo '</pre>';
						 */

						if (!$same)
						{
							// Break out of the loop. No need to check further.
							break;
						}
					}
				}
				else
				{
					// Count is different, just drop and add.
					$same = false;
				}

				if (!$same)
				{
					$alters[] = $this->getDropKeySql($table, $name);
					$alters[] = $this->getAddKeySql($table, $keys);
				}

				// Unset this field so that what we have left are fields that need to
be removed.
				unset($oldLookup[$name]);
			}
			else
			{
				// This is a new key.
				$alters[] = $this->getAddKeySql($table, $keys);
			}
		}

		// Any keys left are orphans.
		foreach ($oldLookup as $name => $keys)
		{
			if (strtoupper($name) == 'PRIMARY')
			{
				$alters[] = $this->getDropPrimaryKeySql($table);
			}
			else
			{
				$alters[] = $this->getDropKeySql($table, $name);
			}
		}

		return $alters;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the syntax to alter a column.
	 *
	 * @param   string            $table  The name of the database table to
alter.
	 * @param   SimpleXMLElement  $field  The XML definition for the field.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 */
	protected function getChangeColumnSql($table, SimpleXMLElement $field)
	{
		$sql = 'ALTER TABLE ' . $this->db->quoteName($table) .
' CHANGE COLUMN ' . $this->db->quoteName((string)
$field['Field']) . ' '
			. $this->getColumnSql($field);

		return $sql;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the SQL syntax for a single column that would be included in a
table create or alter statement.
	 *
	 * @param   SimpleXMLElement  $field  The XML field definition.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 */
	protected function getColumnSql(SimpleXMLElement $field)
	{
		// Initialise variables.
		// TODO Incorporate into parent class and use $this.
		$blobs = array('text', 'smalltext',
'mediumtext', 'largetext');

		$fName    = (string) $field['Field'];
		$fType    = (string) $field['Type'];
		$fNull    = (string) $field['Null'];
		$fDefault = isset($field['Default']) ? (string)
$field['Default'] : null;
		$fExtra   = (string) $field['Extra'];

		$sql = $this->db->quoteName($fName) . ' ' . $fType;

		if ($fNull == 'NO')
		{
			if (in_array($fType, $blobs) || $fDefault === null)
			{
				$sql .= ' NOT NULL';
			}
			else
			{
				// TODO Don't quote numeric values.
				$sql .= ' NOT NULL DEFAULT ' .
$this->db->quote($fDefault);
			}
		}
		else
		{
			if ($fDefault === null)
			{
				$sql .= ' DEFAULT NULL';
			}
			else
			{
				// TODO Don't quote numeric values.
				$sql .= ' DEFAULT ' . $this->db->quote($fDefault);
			}
		}

		if ($fExtra)
		{
			$sql .= ' ' . strtoupper($fExtra);
		}

		return $sql;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the SQL syntax to drop a column.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table  The table name.
	 * @param   string  $name   The name of the field to drop.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 */
	protected function getDropColumnSql($table, $name)
	{
		$sql = 'ALTER TABLE ' . $this->db->quoteName($table) .
' DROP COLUMN ' . $this->db->quoteName($name);

		return $sql;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the SQL syntax to drop a key.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table  The table name.
	 * @param   string  $name   The name of the key to drop.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 */
	protected function getDropKeySql($table, $name)
	{
		$sql = 'ALTER TABLE ' . $this->db->quoteName($table) .
' DROP KEY ' . $this->db->quoteName($name);

		return $sql;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the SQL syntax to drop a key.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table  The table name.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 */
	protected function getDropPrimaryKeySql($table)
	{
		$sql = 'ALTER TABLE ' . $this->db->quoteName($table) .
' DROP PRIMARY KEY';

		return $sql;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the details list of keys for a table.
	 *
	 * @param   array  $keys  An array of objects that comprise the keys for
the table.
	 *
	 * @return  array  The lookup array. array({key name} => array(object,
...))
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 * @throws  Exception
	 */
	protected function getKeyLookup($keys)
	{
		// First pass, create a lookup of the keys.
		$lookup = array();

		foreach ($keys as $key)
		{
			if ($key instanceof SimpleXMLElement)
			{
				$kName = (string) $key['Key_name'];
			}
			else
			{
				$kName = $key->Key_name;
			}

			if (empty($lookup[$kName]))
			{
				$lookup[$kName] = array();
			}

			$lookup[$kName][] = $key;
		}

		return $lookup;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the SQL syntax for a key.
	 *
	 * @param   array  $columns  An array of SimpleXMLElement objects
comprising the key.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 */
	protected function getKeySql($columns)
	{
		// TODO Error checking on array and element types.

		$kNonUnique = (string) $columns[0]['Non_unique'];
		$kName      = (string) $columns[0]['Key_name'];
		$kColumn    = (string) $columns[0]['Column_name'];
		$prefix     = '';

		if ($kName == 'PRIMARY')
		{
			$prefix = 'PRIMARY ';
		}
		elseif ($kNonUnique == 0)
		{
			$prefix = 'UNIQUE ';
		}

		$nColumns = count($columns);
		$kColumns = array();

		if ($nColumns == 1)
		{
			$kColumns[] = $this->db->quoteName($kColumn);
		}
		else
		{
			foreach ($columns as $column)
			{
				$kColumns[] = (string) $column['Column_name'];
			}
		}

		$sql = $prefix . 'KEY ' . ($kName != 'PRIMARY' ?
$this->db->quoteName($kName) : '') . ' (' .
implode(',', $kColumns) . ')';

		return $sql;
	}

	/**
	 * Checks if all data and options are in order prior to exporting.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseImporterPdomysql  Method supports chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.4
	 * @throws  Exception if an error is encountered.
	 */
	public function check()
	{
		// Check if the db connector has been set.
		if (!($this->db instanceof JDatabaseDriverPdomysql))
		{
			throw new
Exception('JPLATFORM_ERROR_DATABASE_CONNECTOR_WRONG_TYPE');
		}

		// Check if the tables have been specified.
		if (empty($this->from))
		{
			throw new Exception('JPLATFORM_ERROR_NO_TABLES_SPECIFIED');
		}

		return $this;
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * PDO PostgreSQL Database Importer.
 *
 * @since  3.9.0
 */
class JDatabaseImporterPgsql extends JDatabaseImporterPostgresql
{
	/**
	 * Checks if all data and options are in order prior to exporting.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseImporterPgsql  Method supports chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 * @throws  \Exception if an error is encountered.
	 */
	public function check()
	{
		// Check if the db connector has been set.
		if (!($this->db instanceof JDatabaseDriverPgsql))
		{
			throw new
Exception('JPLATFORM_ERROR_DATABASE_CONNECTOR_WRONG_TYPE');
		}

		// Check if the tables have been specified.
		if (empty($this->from))
		{
			throw new Exception('JPLATFORM_ERROR_NO_TABLES_SPECIFIED');
		}

		return $this;
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * PostgreSQL import driver.
 *
 * @since       3.0.0
 * @deprecated  4.0  Use PDO PostgreSQL instead
 */
class JDatabaseImporterPostgresql extends JDatabaseImporter
{
	/**
	 * Checks if all data and options are in order prior to exporting.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseImporterPostgresql  Method supports chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  Exception if an error is encountered.
	 */
	public function check()
	{
		// Check if the db connector has been set.
		if (!($this->db instanceof JDatabaseDriverPostgresql))
		{
			throw new
Exception('JPLATFORM_ERROR_DATABASE_CONNECTOR_WRONG_TYPE');
		}

		// Check if the tables have been specified.
		if (empty($this->from))
		{
			throw new Exception('JPLATFORM_ERROR_NO_TABLES_SPECIFIED');
		}

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the SQL syntax to add a column.
	 *
	 * @param   string            $table  The table name.
	 * @param   SimpleXMLElement  $field  The XML field definition.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function getAddColumnSql($table, SimpleXMLElement $field)
	{
		return 'ALTER TABLE ' . $this->db->quoteName($table) .
' ADD COLUMN ' . $this->getColumnSql($field);
	}

	/**
	 * Get the SQL syntax to add an index.
	 *
	 * @param   SimpleXMLElement  $field  The XML index definition.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function getAddIndexSql(SimpleXMLElement $field)
	{
		return (string) $field['Query'];
	}

	/**
	 * Get alters for table if there is a difference.
	 *
	 * @param   SimpleXMLElement  $structure  The XML structure of the table.
	 *
	 * @return  array
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function getAlterTableSql(SimpleXMLElement $structure)
	{
		$table = $this->getRealTableName($structure['name']);
		$oldFields = $this->db->getTableColumns($table);
		$oldKeys = $this->db->getTableKeys($table);
		$oldSequence = $this->db->getTableSequences($table);
		$alters = array();

		// Get the fields and keys from the XML that we are aiming for.
		$newFields = $structure->xpath('field');
		$newKeys = $structure->xpath('key');
		$newSequence = $structure->xpath('sequence');

		/* Sequence section */
		$oldSeq = $this->getSeqLookup($oldSequence);
		$newSequenceLook = $this->getSeqLookup($newSequence);

		foreach ($newSequenceLook as $kSeqName => $vSeq)
		{
			if (isset($oldSeq[$kSeqName]))
			{
				// The field exists, check it's the same.
				$column = $oldSeq[$kSeqName][0];

				/* For older database version that doesn't support these fields
use default values */
				if (version_compare($this->db->getVersion(), '9.1.0')
< 0)
				{
					$column->Min_Value = '1';
					$column->Max_Value = '9223372036854775807';
					$column->Increment = '1';
					$column->Cycle_option = 'NO';
					$column->Start_Value = '1';
				}

				// Test whether there is a change.
				$change = ((string) $vSeq[0]['Type'] != $column->Type) ||
((string) $vSeq[0]['Start_Value'] != $column->Start_Value)
					|| ((string) $vSeq[0]['Min_Value'] != $column->Min_Value)
|| ((string) $vSeq[0]['Max_Value'] != $column->Max_Value)
					|| ((string) $vSeq[0]['Increment'] != $column->Increment)
|| ((string) $vSeq[0]['Cycle_option'] !=
$column->Cycle_option)
					|| ((string) $vSeq[0]['Table'] != $column->Table) ||
((string) $vSeq[0]['Column'] != $column->Column)
					|| ((string) $vSeq[0]['Schema'] != $column->Schema) ||
((string) $vSeq[0]['Name'] != $column->Name);

				if ($change)
				{
					$alters[] = $this->getChangeSequenceSql($kSeqName, $vSeq);
				}

				// Unset this field so that what we have left are fields that need to
be removed.
				unset($oldSeq[$kSeqName]);
			}
			else
			{
				// The sequence is new
				$alters[] =
$this->getAddSequenceSql($newSequenceLook[$kSeqName][0]);
			}
		}

		// Any sequences left are orphans
		foreach ($oldSeq as $name => $column)
		{
			// Delete the sequence.
			$alters[] = $this->getDropSequenceSql($name);
		}

		/* Field section */
		// Loop through each field in the new structure.
		foreach ($newFields as $field)
		{
			$fName = (string) $field['Field'];

			if (isset($oldFields[$fName]))
			{
				// The field exists, check it's the same.
				$column = $oldFields[$fName];

				// Test whether there is a change.
				$change = ((string) $field['Type'] != $column->Type) ||
((string) $field['Null'] != $column->Null)
					|| ((string) $field['Default'] != $column->Default);

				if ($change)
				{
					$alters[] = $this->getChangeColumnSql($table, $field);
				}

				// Unset this field so that what we have left are fields that need to
be removed.
				unset($oldFields[$fName]);
			}
			else
			{
				// The field is new.
				$alters[] = $this->getAddColumnSql($table, $field);
			}
		}

		// Any columns left are orphans
		foreach ($oldFields as $name => $column)
		{
			// Delete the column.
			$alters[] = $this->getDropColumnSql($table, $name);
		}

		/* Index section */
		// Get the lookups for the old and new keys
		$oldLookup = $this->getIdxLookup($oldKeys);
		$newLookup = $this->getIdxLookup($newKeys);

		// Loop through each key in the new structure.
		foreach ($newLookup as $name => $keys)
		{
			// Check if there are keys on this field in the existing table.
			if (isset($oldLookup[$name]))
			{
				$same = true;
				$newCount = count($newLookup[$name]);
				$oldCount = count($oldLookup[$name]);

				// There is a key on this field in the old and new tables. Are they the
same?
				if ($newCount == $oldCount)
				{
					for ($i = 0; $i < $newCount; $i++)
					{
						// Check only query field -> different query means different index
						$same = ((string) $newLookup[$name][$i]['Query'] ==
$oldLookup[$name][$i]->Query);

						if (!$same)
						{
							// Break out of the loop. No need to check further.
							break;
						}
					}
				}
				else
				{
					// Count is different, just drop and add.
					$same = false;
				}

				if (!$same)
				{
					$alters[] = $this->getDropIndexSql($name);
					$alters[]  = (string) $newLookup[$name][0]['Query'];
				}

				// Unset this field so that what we have left are fields that need to
be removed.
				unset($oldLookup[$name]);
			}
			else
			{
				// This is a new key.
				$alters[] = (string) $newLookup[$name][0]['Query'];
			}
		}

		// Any keys left are orphans.
		foreach ($oldLookup as $name => $keys)
		{
			if ($oldLookup[$name][0]->is_primary == 'TRUE')
			{
				$alters[] = $this->getDropPrimaryKeySql($table,
$oldLookup[$name][0]->Index);
			}
			else
			{
				$alters[] = $this->getDropIndexSql($name);
			}
		}

		return $alters;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the SQL syntax to drop a sequence.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $name  The name of the sequence to drop.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function getDropSequenceSql($name)
	{
		return 'DROP SEQUENCE ' . $this->db->quoteName($name);
	}

	/**
	 * Get the syntax to add a sequence.
	 *
	 * @param   SimpleXMLElement  $field  The XML definition for the sequence.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function getAddSequenceSql($field)
	{
		/* For older database version that doesn't support these fields use
default values */
		if (version_compare($this->db->getVersion(), '9.1.0')
< 0)
		{
			$field['Min_Value'] = '1';
			$field['Max_Value'] = '9223372036854775807';
			$field['Increment'] = '1';
			$field['Cycle_option'] = 'NO';
			$field['Start_Value'] = '1';
		}

		return 'CREATE SEQUENCE ' . (string) $field['Name'] .
			' INCREMENT BY ' . (string) $field['Increment'] .
' MINVALUE ' . $field['Min_Value'] .
			' MAXVALUE ' . (string) $field['Max_Value'] . '
START ' . (string) $field['Start_Value'] .
			(((string) $field['Cycle_option'] == 'NO') ? '
NO' : '') . ' CYCLE' .
			' OWNED BY ' . $this->db->quoteName((string)
$field['Schema'] . '.' . (string)
$field['Table'] . '.' . (string)
$field['Column']);
	}

	/**
	 * Get the syntax to alter a sequence.
	 *
	 * @param   SimpleXMLElement  $field  The XML definition for the sequence.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function getChangeSequenceSql($field)
	{
		/* For older database version that doesn't support these fields use
default values */
		if (version_compare($this->db->getVersion(), '9.1.0')
< 0)
		{
			$field['Min_Value'] = '1';
			$field['Max_Value'] = '9223372036854775807';
			$field['Increment'] = '1';
			$field['Cycle_option'] = 'NO';
			$field['Start_Value'] = '1';
		}

		return 'ALTER SEQUENCE ' . (string) $field['Name'] .
			' INCREMENT BY ' . (string) $field['Increment'] .
' MINVALUE ' . (string) $field['Min_Value'] .
			' MAXVALUE ' . (string) $field['Max_Value'] . '
START ' . (string) $field['Start_Value'] .
			' OWNED BY ' . $this->db->quoteName((string)
$field['Schema'] . '.' . (string)
$field['Table'] . '.' . (string)
$field['Column']);
	}

	/**
	 * Get the syntax to alter a column.
	 *
	 * @param   string            $table  The name of the database table to
alter.
	 * @param   SimpleXMLElement  $field  The XML definition for the field.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function getChangeColumnSql($table, SimpleXMLElement $field)
	{
		return 'ALTER TABLE ' . $this->db->quoteName($table) .
' ALTER COLUMN ' . $this->db->quoteName((string)
$field['Field']) . ' '
			. $this->getAlterColumnSql($table, $field);
	}

	/**
	 * Get the SQL syntax for a single column that would be included in a
table create statement.
	 *
	 * @param   string            $table  The name of the database table to
alter.
	 * @param   SimpleXMLElement  $field  The XML field definition.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function getAlterColumnSql($table, $field)
	{
		// TODO Incorporate into parent class and use $this.
		$blobs = array('text', 'smalltext',
'mediumtext', 'largetext');

		$fName = (string) $field['Field'];
		$fType = (string) $field['Type'];
		$fNull = (string) $field['Null'];
		$fDefault = (isset($field['Default']) &&
$field['Default'] != 'NULL') ?
						preg_match('/^[0-9]$/', $field['Default']) ?
$field['Default'] : $this->db->quote((string)
$field['Default'])
					: null;

		$query = ' TYPE ' . $fType;

		if ($fNull == 'NO')
		{
			if (in_array($fType, $blobs) || $fDefault === null)
			{
				$query .= ",\nALTER COLUMN " .
$this->db->quoteName($fName) . ' SET NOT NULL' .
						",\nALTER COLUMN " . $this->db->quoteName($fName) .
' DROP DEFAULT';
			}
			else
			{
				$query .= ",\nALTER COLUMN " .
$this->db->quoteName($fName) . ' SET NOT NULL' .
						",\nALTER COLUMN " . $this->db->quoteName($fName) .
' SET DEFAULT ' . $fDefault;
			}
		}
		else
		{
			if ($fDefault !== null)
			{
				$query .= ",\nALTER COLUMN " .
$this->db->quoteName($fName) . ' DROP NOT NULL' .
						",\nALTER COLUMN " . $this->db->quoteName($fName) .
' SET DEFAULT ' . $fDefault;
			}
		}

		/* sequence was created in other function, here is associated a default
value but not yet owner */
		if (strpos($fDefault, 'nextval') !== false)
		{
			$query .= ";\nALTER SEQUENCE " .
$this->db->quoteName($table . '_' . $fName .
'_seq') . ' OWNED BY ' .
$this->db->quoteName($table . '.' . $fName);
		}

		return $query;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the SQL syntax for a single column that would be included in a
table create statement.
	 *
	 * @param   SimpleXMLElement  $field  The XML field definition.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function getColumnSql(SimpleXMLElement $field)
	{
		// TODO Incorporate into parent class and use $this.
		$blobs = array('text', 'smalltext',
'mediumtext', 'largetext');

		$fName = (string) $field['Field'];
		$fType = (string) $field['Type'];
		$fNull = (string) $field['Null'];
		$fDefault = (isset($field['Default']) &&
$field['Default'] != 'NULL') ?
						preg_match('/^[0-9]$/', $field['Default']) ?
$field['Default'] : $this->db->quote((string)
$field['Default'])
					: null;

		/* nextval() as default value means that type field is serial */
		if (strpos($fDefault, 'nextval') !== false)
		{
			$query = $this->db->quoteName($fName) . ' SERIAL';
		}
		else
		{
			$query = $this->db->quoteName($fName) . ' ' . $fType;

			if ($fNull == 'NO')
			{
				if (in_array($fType, $blobs) || $fDefault === null)
				{
					$query .= ' NOT NULL';
				}
				else
				{
					$query .= ' NOT NULL DEFAULT ' . $fDefault;
				}
			}
			else
			{
				if ($fDefault !== null)
				{
					$query .= ' DEFAULT ' . $fDefault;
				}
			}
		}

		return $query;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the SQL syntax to drop an index.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $name  The name of the key to drop.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function getDropIndexSql($name)
	{
		return 'DROP INDEX ' . $this->db->quoteName($name);
	}

	/**
	 * Get the SQL syntax to drop a key.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table  The table name.
	 * @param   string  $name   The constraint name.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function getDropPrimaryKeySql($table, $name)
	{
		return 'ALTER TABLE ONLY ' . $this->db->quoteName($table)
. ' DROP CONSTRAINT ' . $this->db->quoteName($name);
	}

	/**
	 * Get the details list of keys for a table.
	 *
	 * @param   array  $keys  An array of objects that comprise the keys for
the table.
	 *
	 * @return  array  The lookup array. array({key name} => array(object,
...))
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  Exception
	 */
	protected function getIdxLookup($keys)
	{
		// First pass, create a lookup of the keys.
		$lookup = array();

		foreach ($keys as $key)
		{
			if ($key instanceof SimpleXMLElement)
			{
				$kName = (string) $key['Index'];
			}
			else
			{
				$kName = $key->Index;
			}

			if (empty($lookup[$kName]))
			{
				$lookup[$kName] = array();
			}

			$lookup[$kName][] = $key;
		}

		return $lookup;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the details list of sequences for a table.
	 *
	 * @param   array  $sequences  An array of objects that comprise the
sequences for the table.
	 *
	 * @return  array  The lookup array. array({key name} => array(object,
...))
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @throws  Exception
	 */
	protected function getSeqLookup($sequences)
	{
		// First pass, create a lookup of the keys.
		$lookup = array();

		foreach ($sequences as $seq)
		{
			if ($seq instanceof SimpleXMLElement)
			{
				$sName = (string) $seq['Name'];
			}
			else
			{
				$sName = $seq->Name;
			}

			if (empty($lookup[$sName]))
			{
				$lookup[$sName] = array();
			}

			$lookup[$sName][] = $seq;
		}

		return $lookup;
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * Joomla Platform Database Importer Class
 *
 * @since  3.0.0
 */
abstract class JDatabaseImporter
{
	/**
	 * @var    array  An array of cached data.
	 * @since  3.2.0
	 */
	protected $cache = array();

	/**
	 * The database connector to use for exporting structure and/or data.
	 *
	 * @var    JDatabaseDriver
	 * @since  3.2.0
	 */
	protected $db = null;

	/**
	 * The input source.
	 *
	 * @var    mixed
	 * @since  3.2.0
	 */
	protected $from = array();

	/**
	 * The type of input format (XML).
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.2.0
	 */
	protected $asFormat = 'xml';

	/**
	 * An array of options for the exporter.
	 *
	 * @var    object
	 * @since  3.2.0
	 */
	protected $options = null;

	/**
	 * Constructor.
	 *
	 * Sets up the default options for the exporter.
	 *
	 * @since   3.2.0
	 */
	public function __construct()
	{
		$this->options = new stdClass;

		$this->cache = array('columns' => array(),
'keys' => array());

		// Set up the class defaults:

		// Import with only structure
		$this->withStructure();

		// Export as XML.
		$this->asXml();

		// Default destination is a string using $output = (string) $exporter;
	}

	/**
	 * Set the output option for the exporter to XML format.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseImporter  Method supports chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.2.0
	 */
	public function asXml()
	{
		$this->asFormat = 'xml';

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Checks if all data and options are in order prior to exporting.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseImporter  Method supports chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.2.0
	 * @throws  Exception if an error is encountered.
	 */
	abstract public function check();

	/**
	 * Specifies the data source to import.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $from  The data source to import.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseImporter  Method supports chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.2.0
	 */
	public function from($from)
	{
		$this->from = $from;

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Get the SQL syntax to drop a column.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table  The table name.
	 * @param   string  $name   The name of the field to drop.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   3.2.0
	 */
	protected function getDropColumnSql($table, $name)
	{
		return 'ALTER TABLE ' . $this->db->quoteName($table) .
' DROP COLUMN ' . $this->db->quoteName($name);
	}

	/**
	 * Get the real name of the table, converting the prefix wildcard string
if present.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $table  The name of the table.
	 *
	 * @return  string	The real name of the table.
	 *
	 * @since   3.2.0
	 */
	protected function getRealTableName($table)
	{
		$prefix = $this->db->getPrefix();

		// Replace the magic prefix if found.
		$table = preg_replace('|^#__|', $prefix, $table);

		return $table;
	}

	/**
	 * Merges the incoming structure definition with the existing structure.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @note    Currently only supports XML format.
	 * @since   3.2.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException on error.
	 */
	public function mergeStructure()
	{
		$prefix = $this->db->getPrefix();
		$tables = $this->db->getTableList();

		if ($this->from instanceof SimpleXMLElement)
		{
			$xml = $this->from;
		}
		else
		{
			$xml = new SimpleXMLElement($this->from);
		}

		// Get all the table definitions.
		$xmlTables = $xml->xpath('database/table_structure');

		foreach ($xmlTables as $table)
		{
			// Convert the magic prefix into the real table name.
			$tableName = (string) $table['name'];
			$tableName = preg_replace('|^#__|', $prefix, $tableName);

			if (in_array($tableName, $tables))
			{
				// The table already exists. Now check if there is any difference.
				if ($queries = $this->getAlterTableSql($table))
				{
					// Run the queries to upgrade the data structure.
					foreach ($queries as $query)
					{
						$this->db->setQuery((string) $query);
						$this->db->execute();
					}
				}
			}
			else
			{
				// This is a new table.
				$sql = $this->xmlToCreate($table);

				$this->db->setQuery((string) $sql);
				$this->db->execute();
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Sets the database connector to use for exporting structure and/or data.
	 *
	 * @param   JDatabaseDriver  $db  The database connector.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseImporter  Method supports chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.2.0
	 */
	public function setDbo(JDatabaseDriver $db)
	{
		$this->db = $db;

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Sets an internal option to merge the structure based on the input data.
	 *
	 * @param   boolean  $setting  True to export the structure, false to not.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseImporter  Method supports chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.2.0
	 */
	public function withStructure($setting = true)
	{
		$this->options->withStructure = (boolean) $setting;

		return $this;
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * Joomla Platform Database Interface
 *
 * @since  1.7.0
*/
interface JDatabaseInterface
{
	/**
	 * Test to see if the connector is available.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean  True on success, false otherwise.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	public static function isSupported();
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * MySQL database iterator.
 *
 * @link        http://dev.mysql.com/doc/
 * @since       3.0.0
 * @deprecated  4.0  Use MySQLi or PDO MySQL instead
 */
class JDatabaseIteratorMysql extends JDatabaseIterator
{
	/**
	 * Get the number of rows in the result set for the executed SQL given by
the cursor.
	 *
	 * @return  integer  The number of rows in the result set.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @see     Countable::count()
	 */
	public function count()
	{
		return mysql_num_rows($this->cursor);
	}

	/**
	 * Method to fetch a row from the result set cursor as an object.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed   Either the next row from the result set or false if
there are no more rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function fetchObject()
	{
		return mysql_fetch_object($this->cursor, $this->class);
	}

	/**
	 * Method to free up the memory used for the result set.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function freeResult()
	{
		mysql_free_result($this->cursor);
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * MySQLi database iterator.
 *
 * @since  3.0.0
 */
class JDatabaseIteratorMysqli extends JDatabaseIterator
{
	/**
	 * Get the number of rows in the result set for the executed SQL given by
the cursor.
	 *
	 * @return  integer  The number of rows in the result set.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @see     Countable::count()
	 */
	public function count()
	{
		return mysqli_num_rows($this->cursor);
	}

	/**
	 * Method to fetch a row from the result set cursor as an object.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed   Either the next row from the result set or false if
there are no more rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function fetchObject()
	{
		return mysqli_fetch_object($this->cursor, $this->class);
	}

	/**
	 * Method to free up the memory used for the result set.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function freeResult()
	{
		mysqli_free_result($this->cursor);
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * Oracle database iterator.
 *
 * @since  3.0.0
 */
class JDatabaseIteratorOracle extends JDatabaseIteratorPdo
{
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * PDO database iterator.
 *
 * @since  3.0.0
 */
class JDatabaseIteratorPdo extends JDatabaseIterator
{
	/**
	 * Get the number of rows in the result set for the executed SQL given by
the cursor.
	 *
	 * @return  integer  The number of rows in the result set.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @see     Countable::count()
	 */
	public function count()
	{
		if (!empty($this->cursor) && $this->cursor instanceof
PDOStatement)
		{
			return $this->cursor->rowCount();
		}
		else
		{
			return 0;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Method to fetch a row from the result set cursor as an object.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed   Either the next row from the result set or false if
there are no more rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function fetchObject()
	{
		if (!empty($this->cursor) && $this->cursor instanceof
PDOStatement)
		{
			return $this->cursor->fetchObject($this->class);
		}
		else
		{
			return false;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Method to free up the memory used for the result set.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function freeResult()
	{
		if (!empty($this->cursor) && $this->cursor instanceof
PDOStatement)
		{
			$this->cursor->closeCursor();
		}
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * MySQL database iterator for the PDO based MySQL database driver.
 *
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 * @link        https://dev.mysql.com/doc/
 * @since       3.4
 */
class JDatabaseIteratorPdomysql extends JDatabaseIteratorPdo
{
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * PostgreSQL database iterator for the PDO based PostgreSQL database
driver.
 *
 * @since  3.9.0
 */
class JDatabaseIteratorPgsql extends JDatabaseIteratorPdo
{
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * PostgreSQL database iterator.
 *
 * @since       3.2.0
 * @deprecated  4.0  Use PDO PostgreSQL instead
 */
class JDatabaseIteratorPostgresql extends JDatabaseIterator
{
	/**
	 * Get the number of rows in the result set for the executed SQL given by
the cursor.
	 *
	 * @return  integer  The number of rows in the result set.
	 *
	 * @since   3.2.0
	 * @see     Countable::count()
	 */
	public function count()
	{
		return pg_num_rows($this->cursor);
	}

	/**
	 * Method to fetch a row from the result set cursor as an object.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed   Either the next row from the result set or false if
there are no more rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.2.0
	 */
	protected function fetchObject()
	{
		return pg_fetch_object($this->cursor, null, $this->class);
	}

	/**
	 * Method to free up the memory used for the result set.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.2.0
	 */
	protected function freeResult()
	{
		pg_free_result($this->cursor);
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * SQL azure database iterator.
 *
 * @since  3.0.0
 */
class JDatabaseIteratorSqlazure extends JDatabaseIteratorSqlsrv
{
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * SQLite database iterator.
 *
 * @since  3.0.0
 */
class JDatabaseIteratorSqlite extends JDatabaseIteratorPdo
{
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * SQL server database iterator.
 *
 * @since  3.0.0
 */
class JDatabaseIteratorSqlsrv extends JDatabaseIterator
{
	/**
	 * Get the number of rows in the result set for the executed SQL given by
the cursor.
	 *
	 * @return  integer  The number of rows in the result set.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 * @see     Countable::count()
	 */
	public function count()
	{
		return sqlsrv_num_rows($this->cursor);
	}

	/**
	 * Method to fetch a row from the result set cursor as an object.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed   Either the next row from the result set or false if
there are no more rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function fetchObject()
	{
		return sqlsrv_fetch_object($this->cursor, $this->class);
	}

	/**
	 * Method to free up the memory used for the result set.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	protected function freeResult()
	{
		sqlsrv_free_stmt($this->cursor);
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * Joomla Platform Database Driver Class
 *
 * @since  3.0.0
 */
abstract class JDatabaseIterator implements Countable, Iterator
{
	/**
	 * The database cursor.
	 *
	 * @var    mixed
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	protected $cursor;

	/**
	 * The class of object to create.
	 *
	 * @var    string
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	protected $class;

	/**
	 * The name of the column to use for the key of the database record.
	 *
	 * @var    mixed
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	private $_column;

	/**
	 * The current database record.
	 *
	 * @var    mixed
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	private $_current;

	/**
	 * A numeric or string key for the current database record.
	 *
	 * @var    int|string
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	private $_key;

	/**
	 * The number of fetched records.
	 *
	 * @var    integer
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	private $_fetched = 0;

	/**
	 * Database iterator constructor.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed   $cursor  The database cursor.
	 * @param   string  $column  An option column to use as the iterator key.
	 * @param   string  $class   The class of object that is returned.
	 *
	 * @throws  InvalidArgumentException
	 */
	public function __construct($cursor, $column = null, $class =
'stdClass')
	{
		if (!class_exists($class))
		{
			throw new InvalidArgumentException(sprintf('new %s(*%s*,
cursor)', get_class($this), gettype($class)));
		}

		$this->cursor = $cursor;
		$this->class = $class;
		$this->_column = $column;
		$this->_fetched = 0;
		$this->next();
	}

	/**
	 * Database iterator destructor.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function __destruct()
	{
		if ($this->cursor)
		{
			$this->freeResult($this->cursor);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * The current element in the iterator.
	 *
	 * @return  object
	 *
	 * @see     Iterator::current()
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function current()
	{
		return $this->_current;
	}

	/**
	 * The key of the current element in the iterator.
	 *
	 * @return  int|string
	 *
	 * @see     Iterator::key()
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function key()
	{
		return $this->_key;
	}

	/**
	 * Moves forward to the next result from the SQL query.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @see     Iterator::next()
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function next()
	{
		// Set the default key as being the number of fetched object
		$this->_key = $this->_fetched;

		// Try to get an object
		$this->_current = $this->fetchObject();

		// If an object has been found
		if ($this->_current)
		{
			// Set the key as being the indexed column (if it exists)
			if (isset($this->_current->{$this->_column}))
			{
				$this->_key = $this->_current->{$this->_column};
			}

			// Update the number of fetched object
			$this->_fetched++;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Rewinds the iterator.
	 *
	 * This iterator cannot be rewound.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @see     Iterator::rewind()
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function rewind()
	{
	}

	/**
	 * Checks if the current position of the iterator is valid.
	 *
	 * @return  boolean
	 *
	 * @see     Iterator::valid()
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function valid()
	{
		return (boolean) $this->_current;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to fetch a row from the result set cursor as an object.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed  Either the next row from the result set or false if
there are no more rows.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	abstract protected function fetchObject();

	/**
	 * Method to free up the memory used for the result set.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	abstract protected function freeResult();
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * Query Element Class.
 *
 * @property-read    string  $name      The name of the element.
 * @property-read    array   $elements  An array of elements.
 * @property-read    string  $glue      Glue piece.
 *
 * @since  1.7.0
 */
class JDatabaseQueryElement
{
	/**
	 * @var    string  The name of the element.
	 * @since  1.7.0
	 */
	protected $name = null;

	/**
	 * @var    array  An array of elements.
	 * @since  1.7.0
	 */
	protected $elements = null;

	/**
	 * @var    string  Glue piece.
	 * @since  1.7.0
	 */
	protected $glue = null;

	/**
	 * Constructor.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $name      The name of the element.
	 * @param   mixed   $elements  String or array.
	 * @param   string  $glue      The glue for elements.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	public function __construct($name, $elements, $glue = ',')
	{
		$this->elements = array();
		$this->name = $name;
		$this->glue = $glue;

		$this->append($elements);
	}

	/**
	 * Magic function to convert the query element to a string.
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	public function __toString()
	{
		if (substr($this->name, -2) == '()')
		{
			return PHP_EOL . substr($this->name, 0, -2) . '(' .
implode($this->glue, $this->elements) . ')';
		}
		else
		{
			return PHP_EOL . $this->name . ' ' .
implode($this->glue, $this->elements);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Appends element parts to the internal list.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $elements  String or array.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	public function append($elements)
	{
		if (is_array($elements))
		{
			$this->elements = array_merge($this->elements, $elements);
		}
		else
		{
			$this->elements[] = $elements;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Gets the elements of this element.
	 *
	 * @return  array
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	public function getElements()
	{
		return $this->elements;
	}

	/**
	 * Sets the name of this element.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $name  Name of the element.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseQueryElement  Returns this object to allow chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.6
	 */
	public function setName($name)
	{
		$this->name = $name;

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to provide deep copy support to nested objects and arrays
	 * when cloning.
	 *
	 * @return  void
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.3
	 */
	public function __clone()
	{
		foreach ($this as $k => $v)
		{
			if (is_object($v) || is_array($v))
			{
				$this->{$k} = unserialize(serialize($v));
			}
		}
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * Joomla Database Query Limitable Interface.
 * Adds bind/unbind methods as well as a getBounded() method
 * to retrieve the stored bounded variables on demand prior to
 * query execution.
 *
 * @since  3.0.0
 */
interface JDatabaseQueryLimitable
{
	/**
	 * Method to modify a query already in string format with the needed
	 * additions to make the query limited to a particular number of
	 * results, or start at a particular offset. This method is used
	 * automatically by the __toString() method if it detects that the
	 * query implements the JDatabaseQueryLimitable interface.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $query   The query in string format
	 * @param   integer  $limit   The limit for the result set
	 * @param   integer  $offset  The offset for the result set
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function processLimit($query, $limit, $offset = 0);

	/**
	 * Sets the offset and limit for the result set, if the database driver
supports it.
	 *
	 * Usage:
	 * $query->setLimit(100, 0); (retrieve 100 rows, starting at first
record)
	 * $query->setLimit(50, 50); (retrieve 50 rows, starting at 50th
record)
	 *
	 * @param   integer  $limit   The limit for the result set
	 * @param   integer  $offset  The offset for the result set
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseQuery  Returns this object to allow chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function setLimit($limit = 0, $offset = 0);
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * Query Building Class.
 *
 * @since       1.7.0
 * @deprecated  4.0  Use MySQLi or PDO MySQL instead
 */
class JDatabaseQueryMysql extends JDatabaseQueryMysqli
{
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * Query Building Class.
 *
 * @since  1.7.0
 */
class JDatabaseQueryMysqli extends JDatabaseQuery implements
JDatabaseQueryLimitable
{
	/**
	 * @var    integer  The offset for the result set.
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	protected $offset;

	/**
	 * @var    integer  The limit for the result set.
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	protected $limit;

	/**
	 * Magic function to convert the query to a string.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The completed query.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	public function __toString()
	{
		switch ($this->type)
		{
			case 'select':
				if ($this->selectRowNumber)
				{
					$orderBy      = $this->selectRowNumber['orderBy'];
					$tmpOffset    = $this->offset;
					$tmpLimit     = $this->limit;
					$this->offset = 0;
					$this->limit  = 0;
					$tmpOrder     = $this->order;
					$this->order  = null;
					$query        = parent::__toString();
					$this->order  = $tmpOrder;
					$this->offset = $tmpOffset;
					$this->limit  = $tmpLimit;

					// Add support for second order by, offset and limit
					$query = PHP_EOL . 'SELECT * FROM (' . $query . PHP_EOL .
"ORDER BY $orderBy" . PHP_EOL . ') w';

					if ($this->order)
					{
						$query .= (string) $this->order;
					}

					return $this->processLimit($query, $this->limit,
$this->offset);
				}
		}

		return parent::__toString();
	}

	/**
	 * Method to modify a query already in string format with the needed
	 * additions to make the query limited to a particular number of
	 * results, or start at a particular offset.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $query   The query in string format
	 * @param   integer  $limit   The limit for the result set
	 * @param   integer  $offset  The offset for the result set
	 *
	 * @return string
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 */
	public function processLimit($query, $limit, $offset = 0)
	{
		if ($limit > 0 && $offset > 0)
		{
			$query .= ' LIMIT ' . $offset . ', ' . $limit;
		}
		elseif ($limit > 0)
		{
			$query .= ' LIMIT ' . $limit;
		}

		return $query;
	}

	/**
	 * Concatenates an array of column names or values.
	 *
	 * @param   array   $values     An array of values to concatenate.
	 * @param   string  $separator  As separator to place between each value.
	 *
	 * @return  string  The concatenated values.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	public function concatenate($values, $separator = null)
	{
		if ($separator)
		{
			$concat_string = 'CONCAT_WS(' . $this->quote($separator);

			foreach ($values as $value)
			{
				$concat_string .= ', ' . $value;
			}

			return $concat_string . ')';
		}
		else
		{
			return 'CONCAT(' . implode(',', $values) .
')';
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Sets the offset and limit for the result set, if the database driver
supports it.
	 *
	 * Usage:
	 * $query->setLimit(100, 0); (retrieve 100 rows, starting at first
record)
	 * $query->setLimit(50, 50); (retrieve 50 rows, starting at 50th
record)
	 *
	 * @param   integer  $limit   The limit for the result set
	 * @param   integer  $offset  The offset for the result set
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseQuery  Returns this object to allow chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function setLimit($limit = 0, $offset = 0)
	{
		$this->limit  = (int) $limit;
		$this->offset = (int) $offset;

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Return correct regexp operator for mysqli.
	 *
	 * Ensure that the regexp operator is mysqli compatible.
	 *
	 * Usage:
	 * $query->where('field ' . $query->regexp($search));
	 *
	 * @param   string  $value  The regex pattern.
	 *
	 * @return  string  Returns the regex operator.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.3
	 */
	public function regexp($value)
	{
		return ' REGEXP ' . $value;
	}

	/**
	 * Return correct rand() function for Mysql.
	 *
	 * Ensure that the rand() function is Mysql compatible.
	 * 
	 * Usage:
	 * $query->Rand();
	 * 
	 * @return  string  The correct rand function.
	 *
	 * @since   3.5
	 */
	public function Rand()
	{
		return ' RAND() ';
	}

	/**
	 * Return the number of the current row.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $orderBy           An expression of ordering for
window function.
	 * @param   string  $orderColumnAlias  An alias for new ordering column.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseQuery  Returns this object to allow chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.7.0
	 * @throws  RuntimeException
	 */
	public function selectRowNumber($orderBy, $orderColumnAlias)
	{
		$this->validateRowNumber($orderBy, $orderColumnAlias);
		$this->select("(SELECT @rownum := @rownum + 1 FROM (SELECT
@rownum := 0) AS r) AS $orderColumnAlias");

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Casts a value to a char.
	 *
	 * Ensure that the value is properly quoted before passing to the method.
	 *
	 * Usage:
	 * $query->select($query->castAsChar('a'));
	 * $query->select($query->castAsChar('a', 40));
	 *
	 * @param   string  $value  The value to cast as a char.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $len    The length of the char.
	 *
	 * @return  string  Returns the cast value.
	 *
	 * @since   3.7.0
	 */
	public function castAsChar($value, $len = null)
	{
		if (!$len)
		{
			return $value;
		}
		else
		{
			return ' CAST(' . $value . ' AS CHAR(' . $len .
'))';
		}
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * Oracle Query Building Class.
 *
 * @since  3.0.0
 */
class JDatabaseQueryOracle extends JDatabaseQueryPdo implements
JDatabaseQueryPreparable, JDatabaseQueryLimitable
{
	/**
	 * @var    integer  The offset for the result set.
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	protected $offset;

	/**
	 * @var    integer  The limit for the result set.
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	protected $limit;

	/**
	 * @var    array  Bounded object array
	 * @since  3.0.0
	 */
	protected $bounded = array();

	/**
	 * Method to add a variable to an internal array that will be bound to a
prepared SQL statement before query execution. Also
	 * removes a variable that has been bounded from the internal bounded
array when the passed in value is null.
	 *
	 * @param   string|integer  $key            The key that will be used in
your SQL query to reference the value. Usually of
	 *                                          the form ':key', but
can also be an integer.
	 * @param   mixed           &$value         The value that will be
bound. The value is passed by reference to support output
	 *                                          parameters such as those
possible with stored procedures.
	 * @param   integer         $dataType       Constant corresponding to a
SQL datatype.
	 * @param   integer         $length         The length of the variable.
Usually required for OUTPUT parameters.
	 * @param   array           $driverOptions  Optional driver options to be
used.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseQueryOracle
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function bind($key = null, &$value = null, $dataType =
PDO::PARAM_STR, $length = 0, $driverOptions = array())
	{
		// Case 1: Empty Key (reset $bounded array)
		if (empty($key))
		{
			$this->bounded = array();

			return $this;
		}

		// Case 2: Key Provided, null value (unset key from $bounded array)
		if (is_null($value))
		{
			if (isset($this->bounded[$key]))
			{
				unset($this->bounded[$key]);
			}

			return $this;
		}

		$obj = new stdClass;

		$obj->value = &$value;
		$obj->dataType = $dataType;
		$obj->length = $length;
		$obj->driverOptions = $driverOptions;

		// Case 3: Simply add the Key/Value into the bounded array
		$this->bounded[$key] = $obj;

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieves the bound parameters array when key is null and returns it by
reference. If a key is provided then that item is
	 * returned.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $key  The bounded variable key to retrieve.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function &getBounded($key = null)
	{
		if (empty($key))
		{
			return $this->bounded;
		}
		else
		{
			if (isset($this->bounded[$key]))
			{
				return $this->bounded[$key];
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Clear data from the query or a specific clause of the query.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $clause  Optionally, the name of the clause to clear,
or nothing to clear the whole query.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseQueryOracle  Returns this object to allow chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function clear($clause = null)
	{
		switch ($clause)
		{
			case null:
				$this->bounded = array();
				break;
		}

		parent::clear($clause);

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Method to modify a query already in string format with the needed
	 * additions to make the query limited to a particular number of
	 * results, or start at a particular offset. This method is used
	 * automatically by the __toString() method if it detects that the
	 * query implements the JDatabaseQueryLimitable interface.
	 *
	 * @param   string   $query   The query in string format
	 * @param   integer  $limit   The limit for the result set
	 * @param   integer  $offset  The offset for the result set
	 *
	 * @return  string
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function processLimit($query, $limit, $offset = 0)
	{
		// Check if we need to mangle the query.
		if ($limit || $offset)
		{
			$query = 'SELECT joomla2.*
		              FROM (
		                  SELECT joomla1.*, ROWNUM AS joomla_db_rownum
		                  FROM (
		                      ' . $query . '
		                  ) joomla1
		              ) joomla2';

			// Check if the limit value is greater than zero.
			if ($limit > 0)
			{
				$query .= ' WHERE joomla2.joomla_db_rownum BETWEEN ' .
($offset + 1) . ' AND ' . ($offset + $limit);
			}
			else
			{
				// Check if there is an offset and then use this.
				if ($offset)
				{
					$query .= ' WHERE joomla2.joomla_db_rownum > ' . ($offset
+ 1);
				}
			}
		}

		return $query;
	}

	/**
	 * Sets the offset and limit for the result set, if the database driver
supports it.
	 *
	 * Usage:
	 * $query->setLimit(100, 0); (retrieve 100 rows, starting at first
record)
	 * $query->setLimit(50, 50); (retrieve 50 rows, starting at 50th
record)
	 *
	 * @param   integer  $limit   The limit for the result set
	 * @param   integer  $offset  The offset for the result set
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseQueryOracle  Returns this object to allow chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.0.0
	 */
	public function setLimit($limit = 0, $offset = 0)
	{
		$this->limit = (int) $limit;
		$this->offset = (int) $offset;

		return $this;
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * PDO Query Building Class.
 *
 * @since  3.0.0
 */
class JDatabaseQueryPdo extends JDatabaseQuery
{
	/**
	 * Casts a value to a char.
	 *
	 * Ensure that the value is properly quoted before passing to the method.
	 *
	 * Usage:
	 * $query->select($query->castAsChar('a'));
	 * $query->select($query->castAsChar('a', 40));
	 *
	 * @param   string  $value  The value to cast as a char.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $len    The length of the char.
	 *
	 * @return  string  Returns the cast value.
	 *
	 * @since   1.7.0
	 */
	public function castAsChar($value, $len = null)
	{
		if (!$len)
		{
			return $value;
		}
		else
		{
			return ' CAST(' . $value . ' AS CHAR(' . $len .
'))';
		}
	}
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * Query Building Class.
 *
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 * @since       3.4
 */
class JDatabaseQueryPdomysql extends JDatabaseQueryMysqli
{
}
<?php
/**
 * @package     Joomla.Platform
 * @subpackage  Database
 *
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2005 - 2020 Open Source Matters, Inc. All
rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE
 */

defined('JPATH_PLATFORM') or die;

/**
 * PDO PostgreSQL Query Building Class.
 *
 * @since  3.9.0
 */
class JDatabaseQueryPgsql extends JDatabaseQueryPostgresql implements
JDatabaseQueryPreparable
{
	/**
	 * Holds key / value pair of bound objects.
	 *
	 * @var    mixed
	 * @since  3.9.0
	 */
	protected $bounded = array();

	/**
	 * Method to add a variable to an internal array that will be bound to a
prepared SQL statement before query execution. Also
	 * removes a variable that has been bounded from the internal bounded
array when the passed in value is null.
	 *
	 * @param   string|integer  $key            The key that will be used in
your SQL query to reference the value. Usually of
	 *                                          the form ':key', but
can also be an integer.
	 * @param   mixed           &$value         The value that will be
bound. The value is passed by reference to support output
	 *                                          parameters such as those
possible with stored procedures.
	 * @param   integer         $dataType       Constant corresponding to a
SQL datatype.
	 * @param   integer         $length         The length of the variable.
Usually required for OUTPUT parameters.
	 * @param   array           $driverOptions  Optional driver options to be
used.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseQueryPgsql
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 */
	public function bind($key = null, &$value = null, $dataType =
PDO::PARAM_STR, $length = 0, $driverOptions = array())
	{
		// Case 1: Empty Key (reset $bounded array)
		if (empty($key))
		{
			$this->bounded = array();

			return $this;
		}

		// Case 2: Key Provided, null value (unset key from $bounded array)
		if (is_null($value))
		{
			if (isset($this->bounded[$key]))
			{
				unset($this->bounded[$key]);
			}

			return $this;
		}

		$obj = new stdClass;

		$obj->value = &$value;
		$obj->dataType = $dataType;
		$obj->length = $length;
		$obj->driverOptions = $driverOptions;

		// Case 3: Simply add the Key/Value into the bounded array
		$this->bounded[$key] = $obj;

		return $this;
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieves the bound parameters array when key is null and returns it by
reference. If a key is provided then that item is
	 * returned.
	 *
	 * @param   mixed  $key  The bounded variable key to retrieve.
	 *
	 * @return  mixed
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 */
	public function &getBounded($key = null)
	{
		if (empty($key))
		{
			return $this->bounded;
		}

		if (isset($this->bounded[$key]))
		{
			return $this->bounded[$key];
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Clear data from the query or a specific clause of the query.
	 *
	 * @param   string  $clause  Optionally, the name of the clause to clear,
or nothing to clear the whole query.
	 *
	 * @return  JDatabaseQueryPgsql  Returns this object to allow chaining.
	 *
	 * @since   3.9.0
	 */
	public function clear($clause = null)
	{
		switch ($clause)
		{
			case null:
				$this->bounded = array();
				break;
		}

		return parent::clear($clause);
	}
}